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TEAS - SCIENCE > C-D > Flashcards

C-D Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

CANALICULI

A

microscopic canals in ossified bone

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2
Q

CAPILLARIES

A

small vessels that connect smaller arteries, called arterioles, to smaller veins, called venules, and carry out gas exchange

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3
Q

CARBOHYDRATES

A

sugars and starches, which body breaks down into glucose

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4
Q

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

A

system comprised of the heart and blood vessels

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5
Q

CARTILAGE

A

primary structural protein of connective tissue

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6
Q

CATALYST

A

a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing permanent chemical change

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7
Q

CATION

A

positively charged ion

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8
Q

CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY

A

type of adaptive immunity in which T-lymphocytes attack parasitic worms, cancer cells, transplanted tissues, or cells that contain pathogens

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9
Q

CELLS

A

the basic structural unit of an organism from which living things are created

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10
Q

CELLULAR FUNCTIONS

A

processes that include growth, metabolism, replication, protein synthesis, and movement

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11
Q

CERUMINOUS GLANDS

A

accessory structures that produce ear wax. found only in dermis of the ear canal

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12
Q

CERVIX

A

passage that forms lower part of uterus

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13
Q

CHROMATID

A

one of the two duplicates of a chromosome formed during the cell cycle

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14
Q

CHROMOSOME

A

structure made of protein and one molecule of DNA

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15
Q

CHYME

A

semifluid mass of partly digested food that moves from the stomach to small intestines

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16
Q

CODONS

A

triples of nucleotides that code for amino acids

17
Q

COLLAGEN

A

tough, flexible connective tissue found in parts of the body such as the ear

18
Q

COMMENSAL MICROORGANISMS

A

microorganisms that live in or on the human body without causing it harm

19
Q

COMPACT (DENSE) BONES

A

bone containing densely packed osteons that make up the peripheral layer of bone

20
Q

COMPLEMENTARY STRAND

A

molecule of RNA (strand of dna) synthesized from a face complementary template strand

21
Q

COMPOUND

A

a substance made of two or more elements

22
Q

CONTRACTION

A

process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in a muscle

23
Q

CUTANEOUS VASOCONSTRICTION

A

decrease in the diameter of blood vessels in the dermis that reduces blood flow though the skin

24
Q

CUTANEOUS VASODILATION

A

increase in diameter of blood vessels in the dermis that allows more blood flow near the surface of skin to release heat

25
Q

CYSTIC FIBROSIS

A

genetic disorder that affects the lungs and other organs, characterized by difficulty breathing , coughing up sputum, and lung infections

26
Q

CYTOKINES

A

cell signaling molecules released primarily by helper T-cells and macrophages.
Certain CYTOKINES activate cytotoxic T-cells or tell other cells the location of pathogens

27
Q

CYTOTOXIC T-CELLS

A

category of lymhpocyte that attacks foreign cells

28
Q

DEHYDRATION REACTION

A

chemical reaction between two molecules in which a water molecule is released and a covalent bond forms; often requires an input of energy; polymers are built as a result of this rxn

29
Q

DENDRITE

A

nerve fiber that carries a nerve impulse TOWARDS the neuron cell body

30
Q

DENDRITIC CELLS

A

antigen-presenting cells that process antigen material and present it to T-cells

31
Q

DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID

A

DNA

32
Q

DEOXYRIBOSE SUGAR

A

sugar portion of DNA

33
Q

DERMIS

A

middle layer of skin

34
Q

DIABETES

A

pathologically high blood sugar levels

35
Q

DIASTOLE

A

portion of the cardiac cycle in which the heart refills with blood

36
Q

DIHYBRID CROSS

A

cross between parents heterozygous at two specific genes

37
Q

DIRECTIONAL TEMINOLOGY

A

words used to explain relationships of locations of anatomical elements (distal, posterior, medial, etc)

38
Q

DIURETIC

A

any substance that causes water to be lost from the body through urination

39
Q

DOMINANT

A

refers to the most powerful trait or the allele for that trait

TEAS - SCIENCE (11 decks)

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