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TEAS - SCIENCE > A-B > Flashcards

A-B Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

ACID

A

substance with a pH less than 7

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2
Q

ACTIVE IMMUNITY

A

protection against a specific pathogen resulting from the production of antibodies in response to the presence of specific antigens (ex. infection or vaccine)

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3
Q

ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM

A

develops specific response triggered by presence of specific antigens. because each is unique, adaptive immunity is at a slower rate. once defense is creates, cellular memory is able to trigger a faster response

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4
Q

ADRENAL

A

a gland above the kidney that produces hormones to regulate heart rate, blood pressure, and other functions

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5
Q

ALDOSTERONE

A

a hormone secreted by the adrenal gland that increases reabsorption of sodium ions

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6
Q

ALLERGIES

A

an immune response to a foreign agent that is not a pathogen

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7
Q

ALVEOLI

A

tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place

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8
Q

AMINO ACIDS

A

monomers that make up proteins

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9
Q

ANATOMICAL POSITION

A

standard positioning of the body as standing, feet together, arms to wide, head eyes and palms face forward

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10
Q

ANGIOTENSIN II

A

a secretion that acts to restore blood volume and blood pressure by constricting blood vessels, stimulating thirst, and stimulating production of aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone

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11
Q

ANION

A

negatively charged ion

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12
Q

ANTIBODY

A

blood protein that counteracts as a specific antigen

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13
Q

ANTIBODY-MEDIATED IMMUNITY

A

a defense that employs B cells to create antibodies that tag pathogens for later destruction.
AKA HUMORAL IMMUNITY

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14
Q

ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE

A

secretion from the pituitary gland that increases the amount of water able to be reabsorbed from a collecting duct

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15
Q

ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL

A

cell (such as macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells) that consume a pathogen, and then put parts of ingested antigen on its cell membrane to alert patrolling T cells

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16
Q

ANTIGENS

A

substances on the surfaces of agents that act to identify them, to the body, as being native or foreign

17
Q

ANTIMICROBIAL

A

substance that kills or inhibits growth of microorganisms with minimal damage to the hosts

18
Q

ANUS

A

opening of the rectum from which solid wast is expelled

19
Q

APOCRINE SWEAT GLAND

A

accessory structures of the dermis that are in physical association with hair follicles, producing a secretion with an odor

20
Q

APPENDICULAR SKELETON

A

portion of the skeleton made up of our appendages- bones of arms, legs, hands, feet

21
Q

ARTERIES

A

vessels that carry blood away from the heart towards other parts

22
Q

ASTHMA

A

lung disease characterized by inflames, narrows airways and difficulty breathing

23
Q

ATOM

A

the most basic complete unit of an element

24
Q

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

A

pathology that results from the immune system mistaking part of the body as a pathogen

25
Q

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

A

the part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates unconscious body functions such as breathing and heart rate

26
Q

AXIAL SKELETON

A

portion of the skeleton consisting of skill, ribs, sternum, and spinal column

27
Q

AXON

A

nerve fiber that carries a nerve impulse away from the neuron cell body

28
Q

B CELLS

A

lymphocytes that mature in bone marrow and make antibodies in response to antigens

29
Q

BOWMAN’S CAPSULE

A

cup-like structure that surrounds and collects filtrate from glomerulus

30
Q

BALL AND SOCKET JOINTS

A

point of articulatin that allows for abduction, adduction, circumduction, and rotation.
ex. hip socket

31
Q

BASE

A

substance with a pH greater than 7

32
Q

BOLUS

A

mass of food that has been chewed and swallowed

33
Q

BONE

A

hard, calcified material that makes up the skeleton

34
Q

BONE MARROW

A

soft material within spongey bone and medullary cavity of long bones

35
Q

BRITTLE BONE DISEASE

A

group of disease that affect collagen and result in fragile bones

36
Q

BRONCHI

A

main passageway directly attached to the lungs

37
Q

BRONCHIOLES

A

small passages in the lungs that connect bronchi to alveoli

TEAS - SCIENCE (11 decks)

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