Gynaecological sx and definitions

Question 1

Define Primary amenorrhoea and secondary amenorrhoea.

Answer 1

Primary amenorrhoea: when a girl has not started her periods by 16yo.
Secondary amenorrhoea: no periods for 3 months in a woman who has previously menstruated

Question 2

How is menopause determined?

Answer 2

Menopause is determined retrospectively after 1 year with no periods. It is the age at last menstrual period.

Question 3

Define perimenopause,

Answer 3

Perimenopause is the time before the menopause (2-5 years) when periods become irregular and flushes and sweats occur.

Question 4

Define Oligomenorrhoea.

Answer 4

Oligomenorrhoea is infrequent menstruation or periods with cycles more than 35days.

Question 5

The most common non-sexually transmitted infection is caused by?
What are the sx?

Answer 5

Caused by Candida species.

This infection gives a thick, white, curdy discharge often associated with marked vulva itching.

Question 6

Define Cystocoele.

Answer 6

Cystocoele is bulge of the anterior vaginal wall containing the bladder.

Question 7

Define Rectocoele.

Answer 7

Rectocoele is bulge of the posterior vaginal wall containing the rectum.

Question 8

Describe the 3 grades of uterine prolapse.

Answer 8

Grade 1: Descend halfway to the hymen.
Grade 2: Descend to the hymen.
Grade 3: Descend past the hymen within the vagina.

Question 9

What is prolapse often associated with?

Answer 9

It is associated with previous childbirth.

Question 10

Define Procidentia.

Answer 10

Procidentia is grade 4 of uterine prolapse: external prolapse of the uterus.

Question 11

Which condition presents with a fishy odour and has a grey-white discharge?

Answer 11

Bacterial Vaginosis