GYN Flashcards
which HPV strain causes the most amount of cervical cancer cases
HPV-16
what is the CPT code for a cervical biopsy or ECC
88305
define ASCUS
atypical cells of undetermined significance
define AGUS
atypical glandular cells of underdetermined significance
when would you use LGISL and HGSIL language
describing results of a Pap smear (cytology)
define LEEP
loop electrosurgical excision procedure
what is a LEEP
removal of a cone of tissue from the cervix that is a same day procedure
what is a cold knife cone
removal of a cone of tissue from the cervix that is performed in a hospital under anesthesia
what is the CPT code for a LEEP and top-hat LEEP
88307
what is a top-hat LEEP
second excision of the cervix following a LEEP
what is considered stage 0 cervical cancer
carcinoma in-situ
what is considered stage 1 cervical cancer
confined to cervix
what is considered stage 2 cervical cancer
disease beyond cervix but not into pelvic wall or lower third of vagina
what is considered stage 3 cervical cancer
diseases to pelvic wall or lower 1/3rd of vagina
what is considered stage 4 cervical cancer
invades bladder, rectum, or has metastasized
which two stains can be useful for confirming cervical intraepithelial lesions
Ki-67 and p16
what is the CPT code for fallopian tubes for sterilization
88302
what is the CPT code for fallopian tubes for ectopic pregnancy
88305
what is an impertinent negative in a fallopian tube specimen for ectopic pregnancy
chorionic villi
what is the CPT code for a hydrosalpinx/hemosalpinx
88305
what is a hydrosalpinx
fluid in the fallopian tube due to obstruction
causes: surgery, infections, adhesions, and torsion
what does a radical hysterectomy include
uterus
adenexa
parametria
vaginal cuff
what does a total hysterectomy include
ovaries (possibly)
tubes (possibly)
uterus
what does a subtotal hysterectomy include
only a certain part of the uterus
ex. supra cervically amputated uterus
what is a morcelated hysterectomy
removal of all or part of the uterus laparoscopically
what is a myomectomy
removal of leiomyoma from the uterus
what is the difference between a didelphys uterus and a bicornuate uterus
didelphys: two cervices
bicornuate: one cervix
how do you gross a morcelated uterus
weigh
measure in aggregate
endometrial (shiny) and myometrial thickness
where are you most likely to find serosal endometriosis
corneal regions and posterior cul-delsac
define nullipara
never birthed a child
what is the difference in the appearance of a cervix in a nullipara vs primipara woman
nullipara: circular
primipara: slit like
how can the endocervical canal be commonly described
herringbone-patterned
what is a nabothian cyst
cyst on the cervix or in the endocervical canal - note and submit one section
what is an important measurement for an endometrial cavity
cornu to cornu
what two descriptors can be used for a thickened (>3cm) endometrium
heaped up or lush
what is a pertinent negative for a uterus
with or without adenexa (tubes and ovaries)
what is important about grossing uterine polyps
you should submit them all in their entirety
what is important to note about an IUD within a specimen
is it free or embedded within the cavity
how can you identify a Mirena IUD
3.2 cm
white
used postpartum
how can you identify a jaydess/kyleena/skyla IUD
2.8 cm
pink/white with blue strings
what is a common appearance of adenomyosis
trabeculation
what does it mean if you see a puckering defect in an endometrial cavity
likely from a C-section
how much of an atypical endometrial hyperplasia specimen should you submit
all of it
what is important about grossing endometrial carcinoma/sarcomas
need to submit full thickness sections
note how deep (< or > 50%) the invasion is into the myometrium
what is important about grossing adenosarcomas of the endometrium
staged based on tumor size (5 cm) and infiltration
how would you gross a malignant cervical case
amputate cervix and gross like a leep in gross description)
gross the uterus as you normally would
what is cervical malignancy staging based on
parametrial invasion
what is an endometrioma
chocolate cyst caused by endometriosis
in which GYN condition would you see thyroid tissue
stuma ovarri
what is Rokitansky’s protuberance
nipple-like structure covered with hair in an ovarian teratoma
important to submit as it has the highest possibility to undergo malignant change
what is the rule for submitting serous ovarian neoplasms
1-2 sections per cm
what can a blunted fallopian tube indicate
pelvic inflammatory disorder
what is SEE-FIM and what is its importance
sectioning and extensively examination the fimbriated end
a specific way of grossing a fallopian tube for a prophylactic removal due to BRCA gene
what is the important size for omentum staging
2 cm
what is the most common malignancy of the vulva
squamous cell carcinoma
what is the important size for staging vulva
2 cm
what is the CPT code for uterine prolapse
88305
what is the CPT code for the uterus for something other than prolapse or malignancy
88307
