Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Finals (High Yield) > [GUM] Genital Ulcers > Flashcards

[GUM] Genital Ulcers Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

what is syphilis?

A

an STI caused by Treponema pallidum, usually occurs through exposure to genital / mucous membrane lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the risk factors of syphilis?

A
  • men who have sex with men (MSM)
  • multiple sexual partners
  • illicit drug use
  • co-infection with HIV / other STIs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how is a dx of syphilis made?

A

microscopy +/- serology (treponemal and non-treponemal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what other tests can you do for syphilis?

A
  • CSF sample (neurosyphilis)

- CXR (aortic aneurysm / calcification)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

pt has a painful genital ulcer. what are your differentials?

A
  • chancroid
  • genital herpes
  • HIV (with herpes coinfection)
  • warts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pt has a painless genital ulcer. what are your differentials?

A
  • syphilis

- lymphogranuloma venerum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are some non-infective differentials for genital ulcers?

A
  • lichen planus
  • eczema / psoriasis
  • Behcet’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the stages of syphilis?

A
  1. primary
  2. secondary
  3. latent
  4. tertiary
  5. congenital
  6. neurosyphilis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the time from initial infection for primary syphilis?

A

9-90 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the clinical features of primary syphilis?

A
  • painless anogenital ulcer (chancre)

- heals spontaneously, may not be noticed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what serological tests can you do for syphilis (1˚, 2˚ and 3˚)?

A

treponemal test + RPR/VDRL

RPR = rapid plasma reagin
VDRL = venereal disease research laboratory test
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the time from initial infection for secondary syphilis?

A

4-8 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the clinical features of secondary syphilis?

A
  • systemic disease with rash

- vasculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the time from initial infection for latent syphilis?

A

<2 years (early) or >2 years (late)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the clinical features of latent syphilis?

A

asx infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what serological tests can you do for latent syphilis?

A

EIA = enzyme immunoassay

checks for syphilis antibodies

17
Q

what is the time from initial infection for tertiary syphilis?

A

years

18
Q

what are the clinical features of tertiary syphilis?

A

end-organ complications:

  • cardiovascular (aortic regurgitation/aneurysm)
  • neurosyphilis
  • gummata
19
Q

what are the clinical features of congenital syphilis?

A
  • stillbirth
  • miscarriage
  • perinatal morbidity / mortality
20
Q

what serological tests can you do for congenital syphilis?

A

maternal treponemal + non-treponemal + infant VDRL/RPR

21
Q

what is the time from initial infection for neurosyphilis?

A

any

22
Q

what are the clinical features of neurosyphilis?

A
  • visual disturbances
  • tabes dorsalis
  • general paresis
23
Q

what serological tests can you do for neurosyphilis?

A

CSF VDRL + TPHA / TPPA or FTA-ABS

24
Q

what is used to treat neurosyphilis?

A

IV aqueous benzylpenicillin (10-14 days)

25
Q

what is used to treat latent syphilis?

A

IM benzathine benzylpenicillin once only

26
Q

what is used to treat syphilis (1˚, 2˚ and 3˚)?

A

IM benzathine benzylpenicillin 3 doses over 2 weeks

27
Q

what is the Jarish-Herxheimer reaction?

A

an acute febrile illness occurring within the first 24 hours after treatment

sx: acute fever, headache, myalgia

28
Q

painless ulcer, painful unilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy and proctocolitis. dx?

A

LGV (lymphogranuloma venerum)

29
Q

painful ulcer and lymphadenopathy. dx?

A

chancroid

30
Q

what is the 1st line ix for syphilis if a lesion is present?

A

dark field microscopy from the lesion

+ve result = coiled spirochaete bacterium with corkscrew appearance and motility

31
Q

what is the 1st line ix for syphilis if no lesion is present?

A

treponema serological testing (several types), +ve in active/past infection

32
Q

what should be done if you diagnose a pt with syphilis?

A

refer to GUM to ensure appropriate testing, contact tracing and notification

33
Q

why is it important to get early rx for syphilis?

A

curative and prevents long term complications

Medical Finals (High Yield) (57 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions