[Gastro] Hepatitis Flashcards
what can an abnormal liver function tell you?
- hepatitis picture (AST/ALT raised)
- cholestatic picture (bilirubin/ALP raised)
what does an AST:ALT ratio ≥2:1 mean?
alcohol-related
if AST/ALT raised and AST:ALT ratio is not ≥2:1, what does that mean?
other causes:
- NAFLD
- hepatitis A, B, C, D, E
- autoimmune hepatitis
- ischaemic hepatitis
- drugs: TB medications, methotrexate, paracetamol
what does raised bilirubin/ALP and RUQ pain mean?
gallstone-related obstructive pathology
if there is raised bilirubin/ALP but no RUQ pain, what does that mean?
other causes:
- pancreatic tumour
- cholangiocarcinoma
- primary biliary cholangitis
- primary sclerosing cholangitis
- drugs: penicillins, sulfonylureas, COCP
what is the route of transmission for hepatitis A and E?
faecal-oral
what is the route of transmission for hepatitis B?
- IVDU
- infected blood products
- vertical transmission
what is the route of transmission for hepatitis C?
- IVDU
- infected blood products (haemophilia pts pre-1991)
what is the route of transmission for hepatitis D?
contact with infected bodily fluids
all of the infective hepatitis are caused by an RNA virus except for?
hepatitis B (DNA virus)
for which infective hepatitis is a vaccine available?
hepatitis B
what is hepatitis A associated with?
flu-like illness with jaundice with hepatitic picture
what is hepatitis B associated with?
membranous GN
what is hepatitis C associated with?
progression to chronic infection
risk of HCC
what is hepatitis D associated with?
hepatitis B co-infection and superinfection
