GU Trivia

Question 1

Bosniak I

Answer 1

Simple cyst, no septations

Question 2

Bosniak II

Answer 2

Few hairline septations
fine calcs or minimal thicker calcs
hyperdense cyst < 3cm

Question 3

Bosniak IIF

Answer 3

Multiple thin septations
thin wall
thick or nodular calcs
Endophytic hyperdense cysts > 3 cm

Question 4

Bosniak III

Answer 4

Thick septations or thick wall

No enhancing nodules

Question 5

Bosniak IV

Answer 5

Enhancing nodules

Question 6

Bear Paw Sign Kidney

Answer 6

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
(central obstructing urolithiasis, nephromegaly)
MCC = Proteus mirabilis or E coli

Question 7

Putty Kidney

Answer 7

atrophic calcified kidney (TB)

Question 8

Page Kidney

Answer 8

compression of the kidney from extrensic source that causes HTN (eg. subcapsular bleeding)

Question 9

Absolute adrenal washout

Answer 9

(Post HU - Delayed HU)/(Post HU - Pre HU)

Anything >60% = adenoma

Question 10

Relative washout

Answer 10

(Post HU - Delayed HU)/Post HU

Anything >40% in a homogeneous adrenal mass <4 cm = adenoma

Question 11

> /= 16.5% signal loss of adrenal mass on In and Out of phase

Answer 11

likely lipid rich adenoma (microscopic fat)

Question 12

Chemical shift artifact surrounding an internal adrenal nodule

Answer 12

likely Myelolipoma (macroscopic fat)

Question 13

Left adrenal vein

Answer 13

drains into left renal vein

Question 14

Right adrenal vein

Answer 14

direct into IVC

Question 15

PET SUV for adrenal mets

Answer 15

less than liver = higher PPV for mets

average max SUV of adrenal glands is 0.9-1.1

Question 16

NF-1 assoc with what adrenal pathology

Answer 16

Pheochromocytoma

Question 17

Papillary necrosis

Answer 17

elongated fornix
lobster claw
clubbed calyx
golf-ball-on-tee deformity

Question 18

Papillary necrosis DDX

Answer 18

Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs
Sickle cell
Analgesic abuse
Infection
Diabetes mellitus

Question 19

Bladder cancer staging

Answer 19

Can't be done on CT
T1 - invades bladder wall (nonmuscular)
T2 - invades muscular wall
T3 - extends outside the bladder wall
T4 - Tumor invades abdominal wall or adjacent organ

Question 20

MC scrotal tumors in VHL

Answer 20

epididymal cystadenoma

VHL - epididymal cystadenoma, CNS and retinal hemangioblastomas, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, pancreatic cysts, RCCs, pheochromocytoma

Question 21

PSA level < 10 ng/mL = what bone met risk

Answer 21

< 1%

PSA >/= 20 ng/ml = higher risk

Question 22

Testicular Adrenal Rests

Answer 22

hypoechoic
eccentric
assoc. w/ congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Question 23

Peyronie disease

Answer 23

calcs in the tunica albuginea

Question 24

Adenomyosis diagnosis

Answer 24

junctional zone thickness > 12 mm

< 8 mm = normal
9-12 mm = equivocal

Question 25

Intrauterine septum

Answer 25

look at the fundus (moves from fundus to cervix)

Question 26

T shaped uterus

Answer 26

DES exposure

Question 27

Posterior acoustic enhancement on US

Answer 27

lack of amplitude attenuation of the US beam as it passes through a cyst Attenuation correction artifact

Question 28

Rudimentary horns of unicornuate uteri

Answer 28

Surgery

Question 29

1.5 T Larmor fq; 3 T

Answer 29

1.5 = 220 Hz 3 = 440 Hz pixel shift = 220 Hz (for 1.5)/receiver bandwidth/Matrix

Question 30

PCOS

Answer 30

12 or more follices 2 to 9 mm in diameter and/or ovarian volume > 10 mL

Question 31

Meigs syndrome

Answer 31

ovarian fibroma = circumscribed T2 hypo, hypovascular solid ovarian mass CA-125 elevated Meigs syndrome = ascites and pleural effusion

Question 32

Bartholin cysts

Answer 32

posterolateral inferior vagina

Question 33

Gartner cysts

Answer 33

anterolateral vagina

Question 34

Skene cyst

Answer 34

lateral periurethral

Question 35

salpingitis isthmica nodosa

Answer 35

multiple saclike contrast filled collections in the isthmic segment of fallopian tubes = prior infection

Question 36

parts of the fallopian tube from proximal to distal

Answer 36

interstitial - isthmic - ampullary - infundibular

Question 37

AAA repair

Answer 37

>/= 5.5 cm

Question 38

Retroperitoneal Erdheim-Chester disease

Answer 38

``` perinephric soft tissue thickening, retroperitoneal ST mass Ureteric obstruction histologic non-langerhans histiocytosis retro-orbital ST mass DI metaphyseal osteosclerosis ```

Question 39

HU for fluid in abdomen

Answer 39

``` 0-20 = fluid 20-40 = free flowing blood 40-70 = clotted blood ```

Question 40

Solid primary retroperitoneal mass centered around the IVC

Answer 40

leiomyosarcoma

Question 41

Striated nephrogram

Answer 41

``` infarcts renal vein thrombosis pyelonephritis glomerulonephritis urinary tract obstruction ```

Question 42

length bias

Answer 42

screening study that picks up slowly progressive disease at a disproportionate rate

Question 43

lead time bias

Answer 43

identify disease earlier but does not change outcome

Question 44

Voxel size for 2D MR images

Answer 44

(FOV/phase encoding steps) * (FOV/frequency encoding steps) * slice thickness

Question 45

epitheloid angiomyolipoma

Answer 45

aggressive variant AML that can locally recur and mets

Question 46

Decreasing radiation dose exponential vs linear

Answer 46

reducing kVp = exponential mA, pitch, and z-axis coverage = linear

Question 47

Seminal vesicle cyst (look for claw sign)

Answer 47

Assoc with ipsilateral renal agenesis or dysgenesis ADPCKD vas deferens agenesis ectopic ureteral insertion