GU Packet 6

Question 1

What is key to maintaining homeostasis

Answer 1

fluid and electrolyte balance

Question 2

What is the most important electrolyte in the ECF

Answer 2

Sodium

Question 3

What is sodium’s role

Answer 3

maintaining ECF volume and regulation of a cell’s membrane potential

Question 4

How does aldosterone work

Answer 4

controls sodium; if levels decrease, it is released from the adrenal cortex and stimulates sodium absorption in the nephrons

Question 5

What is the most common electrolyte disorder

Answer 5

hyponatremia; narrow range

Question 6

What is the most abundant intracellular cation

Answer 6

potassium

Question 7

which disorder can lead to cardiac arrythmias

Answer 7

hyperkalemia

Question 8

Where is calcium mostly present

Answer 8

ECF

Question 9

where is calcium transported between in the body

Answer 9

gut, kidneys, and bones

Question 10

What are the three hormones that control calcium

Answer 10

PTH (in the nephrons) , vitD, calcitriol

Question 11

Which calcium disorder is more common

Answer 11

hypocalcemia; seen in CKD

Question 12

Where is magnesium

Answer 12

intracellular

Question 13

what causes ventricular arrythmias

Answer 13

hypomagnesemia

Question 14

What is hypermagnesemia associated with

Answer 14

CKD/CRF if on laxatives or antacids

Question 15

Where is phosphorous found

Answer 15

ECF

Question 16

What is the main source of phosphorous excretion

Answer 16

kidneys

Question 17

What is a complication of hypophosphatemia

Answer 17

muscle weakness can lead to respiratory failure

Question 18

When is hyperphosphatemia commonly seen

Answer 18

CKD