Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Intro > GU Packet 5 > Flashcards

GU Packet 5 Flashcards

1
Q

where does renal cell carcinoma take place

A

renal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What percentage of kidney cancer is RCC

A

90-95%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When does RCC typically become symptomatic

A

tumor>10 cn or metastases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a hallmark of RCC

A

lack of early warning signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RCC risk factors

A

Cigarette smoking/tobacco use doubles the risk
Pre-existing diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an uncommon presentation in RCC

A

Triad: flank pain, hematuria, palpable mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the preferred imaging study for evaluating renal masses

A

Helical CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What staging system predicts how quickly or slowly RCC is likely to spread

A

Fuhrman grade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the primary treatment for RCC

A

surgery: partial nephrectomy or radical nephrectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where will RCC most likely metastasize to

A

Brain, bones, lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is chemotherapy like for RCC

A

Very resistant to chemotherapeutic agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the prognosis of RCC depend on

A

Anatomic extent (TNM scale)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a risk factor for bladder cancer

A

Cigarette smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the clinical presentation of bladder cancer

A

intermittent painless gross hematuria is the most common presentation along with irritative voiding symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most sensitive and specific method for diagnosis of bladder cancer

A

cystoscopy/cystourethroscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the treatment for bladder cancer depend on

A

stage; whether or no the tumor has invaded the bladder muscle or not

17
Q

Where does bladder cancer most commonly metastasize to

A

lungs, liver, bones

18
Q

Define urinary incontinence

A

involuntary leakage of urine, loss of bladder control

19
Q

bladder’s two phase

A

Filling phase
Emptying phase

20
Q

What is stress incontinence

A

urethra incompetence resulting in urine leakage induced by coughing, sneezing, laughing, etc.

21
Q

What is urge incontinence

A

Detrusor overactivity resulting infrequency and urgency, without the ability to delay urination; due to involuntary contraction of the bladder muscle

22
Q

What is overflow incontinence

A

Detrusor underactivity resulting in frequency, nocturia, leakage, and high post-void bladder volume; due to blockage of the urethra; common in diabetic pts

23
Q

Test for stress incontinence

A

urodynamic testing

24
Q

Test for urge incontinence

A

cytometry

25
Q

Test for overflow incontinence

A

PVR (post-void residual)

26
Q

Treatment for stress incontinence

A

Kegel exercises

27
Q

Treatment for urge incontinence

A

bladder training
anti-muscarinic (tolterodine/Detrol), (oxybutynin/Ditropan)

28
Q

Treatment for overflow incontinence

A

Double void/apply suprapubic pressure

29
Q

Patient education for urinary incontinence

A

incontinence is NOT a normal part of aging and should be investigated

30
Q

Define overactive bladder

A

urinary urgency with or without urgency incontinence, with increased daytime frequency and nocturia

31
Q

What will the PVR results be for an overactive bladder

A

normal

32
Q

What is the oral pharmacotherapy for OAB

A

mirabegron (Myrbetriq) - beta3 agonist

33
Q

Does OAB have a major influence on quality of life

A

Yes

34
Q

How are urinary strictures classified

A

Anterior or posterior; Anterior more common

35
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a urethral stricture

A

obstructive voiding sx of weak urinary stream and feeling of incomplete emptying

36
Q

What is the preferred investigation for urethral stricture

A

uroflowmetry

37
Q

What is the treatment for urethral stricture

A

sounds and bougies

38
Q

How long after urethritis will stricture occur

A

up to 15 years

Intro (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions