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Pharmacology > Growth Promoters > Flashcards

Growth Promoters Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 growth promoter (GP) types

A
  • antibiotic gp
  • hormonal gp
  • beta adrenergic ag.
  • alternatives to ab gp
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2
Q

Which types of antibiotic gps are there

A
  • ribosome function inhibitors
  • cell wall inhibitors
  • cation disruptors
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3
Q

Name some ribosomal function inhib.

A
  • Avilamycin
  • Tylosin
  • Oleandomycin
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4
Q

Name the cell wall inhib

A
  • bacitracin

- bambermycin

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5
Q

Name some cation disrupters

A
  • Lasalocid
  • Monensin
  • Narasin
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6
Q

What effects do gps have

A
  • metabolic effects
  • nutritional effects
  • disease control effects
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7
Q

How can a metabolic effect be achieved

A

a lot of energy is lost due to micr. fermentation in the gut of the animal - controlling the microbiome of the animal can help divert the lost energy to growth

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8
Q

How could a nutritional effect be achieved

A

inhibiting the cytokine release which have a catabolic effect and would thus lead to decr. in muscle mass

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9
Q

Name some imp. diseases which could be prevented to help the growth of animals

A
  • necr. enteritis -poultry
  • clostr. enteritis -SU
  • prol. enter. - SU
  • Dysent - SU
  • Liver abscesses - feedlot cattle
  • protozoal inf.
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10
Q

Name the four types of bb most commonly associated with resistance

A
  • Salmonella
  • Campylobacter
  • E.coli
  • Enterococci
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11
Q

The farming culture is the largest user of ABs there is T/F

A

f - 2nd

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12
Q

Which species does avialmycin have positive growth rate and fce effect in

A

broilers and pigs

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13
Q

What does Kitamycin improve in which species

A

-average daily weight gain in pigs

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14
Q

Name the species Oleandomycin effects

A
  • fattening lambs
  • suckling lambs
  • pigs
  • chickens
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15
Q

Which cell wall inhib. controls prol. enteritis in pgs and necr. enteritis in poultry and incr. weight gain in RU

A

Bacitracin

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16
Q

Name the benefits ruminants get from using ionophores

A
  • mod. of microbial pop. - allows for incr. protein, energy and lipid availability due to incr. prod. of propionic acid
    decr. lactic acid fermentation, decr. prot. degrad.
17
Q

Name the hormonal Gp

A
  • anabolics

- somatotropin

18
Q

Name the anabolics

A 
natural
-oestradiol
-progesterone
-testosterone
synth.
-trenbolone acetate
-zeranol
-melengestrol acetate
19
Q

what is the effect of anabolic treated animals

A

-gain weight more rapidly and prod. leaner and better quality meat

20
Q

What is a synonym for bovine somatotrophin

A

bovine growth hormone

21
Q

Where is bovine somatorophin prod.

A

pituitary gland

22
Q

How does bovine somatotrophin act

A

-mobilises body fat as use as energy and diverts feed energy towards milk prod. - incr. in milk prod 10-15%

23
Q

Where are beta adrenergic rec being bound

A

-cardiac and smooth muscle

24
Q

How do the beta adrenergic agonists act a s GP

A

at doeses several times higher than therapeutic doses they induce muscular hypertrophy

25
Q

Name the beta adren. ag. used as feed additive

A

Ractopamine

26
Q

Name some alternatives for AB GP

A
  • probiotics
  • oligosaccharides
  • organic acids
  • enzymes
27
Q

How could probiotics help against path BB

A

by competitive exclusion of path. strains

28
Q

How can Oligosaccharides (prebiotics) help

A

as a better energy substrate for the good BB

29
Q

What’s the effect of sodium butyrate

A

-reduces GI infl.

30
Q

How could a non-ab rumen modifier help

A

in RU - Buffers reduce digestive dysfunction when diets high in grain or low in fibers are fed

31
Q

Name some substances which might help against bloat

A

-vegetable oils
-lecithin
-animal fats
these compounds have antifoaming and surface tension reducing capabilities

32
Q

What else could be added to incr. GR

A
  • herbal products

- heavy metals

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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