Group Processes Flashcards
What is a group and the characteristics of it
A group is a collection of at least two individuals who are interacting with each other.
Cohesiveness-extent to which member are similar
Entitavity-‘group like’
What affects can audience have on performance
Social facilitation-improved performance
Social inhibition-impaired performance
The difference between drive theory (zajonc) and evaluation apprehension (cottrell)
Drive theory says presence of audience increases arousal. This can enhance dominant tendencies
Whereas evaluation apprehension says it’s not just the presence but the evaluation apprehension that causes arousal.
What is social loafing
When in a group put in less effort.
Diffusion of responsibility-feel less responsible
Output equity-believe others will slack so loaf to maintain equity.
Matching to standard-don’t have clear performance to standard.
What are group polarisation and group think?
Group polarisation-group attitude more extreme than individuals when started
Group think-a mode of thinking in cohesivness-unanimous over moral
Factors that influence being a leader
CertainbPersonality traits-chemers-military cadets rated high in confidence greatest potential.
Situation factors also influence.
Different kinds of leader
Autocratic-focused on tasks and heirarchy (only productive when there)
Democratic-involve other members in decision making (friendly and high group productivity)
Laissez faire-little interest and only intervenes if necessary. (Lownproducitvyt)
Task focused and socio-emotional
Task focused-focuse on achieving goals and aims. Have knowledge but distances self from group. (Autocratic)
Socio-emotional-focuses on group dynamics (lasses faire)
What is a transformation a leader?
Particularly influential. Charasmatic, individualised consideration for others and intellectual.
Leader-situation interaction/contingency theory
Leaders situation control depends on quality of relations, structure and legit in authority. Level of control determines effectiveness of of diff styles. High control-task focused. Moderate-socio
Leader-member exchange
Depends on quality of exchange of relations
