Group Processes Flashcards
1
Q
group
A
- collection of 3+ people who interact with each other and are interdependent
- needs and goals cause them to rely on each other
2
Q
dyad
A
2 people
3
Q
why we form groups
A
- fulfills basic human needs - likely innate
- help define who we are as individuals
- group membership motivates people to become involved in social change
4
Q
social norms
A
specify how group members behave
5
Q
social roles
A
- shared expectations by group members on how people in group are supposed to behave
- getting too caught up in a role can result in loss of identity and personality change
- Zimbardo’s experiment
6
Q
group cohesiveness
A
- qualities of a group that bind members together + promote liking among them
- influences extent to which members are likely to:
1. stay in group
2. take part in activities
3. recruit like-minded members
7
Q
group diversity
A
- groups tend to be homogenous
- age, sex, gender, beliefs, opinions
- the more diverse the group, the better the decisions tend to be
8
Q
social faciliation
A
- presence of others increase physiological arousal
- occurs when presence of others + their individual performance can’t be evaluated
- when that arousal exists:
1. it is easier to do something simple
2. it is harder to do something new and complex
9
Q
social facilitation: role of arousal
A
- presence of others cause us to become later and vigilant
- evaluation apprehension
- others distract us from the task
10
Q
evaluation apprehension
A
others make us apprehensive about being evaluated
11
Q
social facilitation: co-actor effect
A
when there are others performing the task with us
12
Q
social facilitation: audience-effect
A
when there are others actively observing us
13
Q
social loafing
A
- tendency for people to do worse on simple tasks, but better on complex tasks
- when our performance in a group cannot be identified, we become more relaxed
- being relaxed improves performance on complex tasks and impairs performance on simple tasks
- refer to tree in notebook
14
Q
cultural and gender influences on social loafing
A
- higher in men
- higher in individualistic cultures than collectivists cultures
15
Q
deindividuation
A
- loosening of normal constrainst in B when people are in a group
- leads to increase in impulsive and deviant acts
- being in a group and wearing a uniform/disguise increase anonymity
- makes people feel less accountable for their actions
- presence of others lowers self-awareness
- shifts people’s attention away from their moral standards
- increase the extent to which people obey group norms (good or bad)
