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NBDE part 1 > Gross anatomy- head and neck > Flashcards

Gross anatomy- head and neck Flashcards

1
Q

2 nerves that run next to mandibular foramen

A

lingual n.
inferior alveolar n.

(both sensory of V3)

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2
Q

pituitary gland tumor will cause what problem with the eyes

A

bitemporal hemianopsia (tunnel vision)

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3
Q

what cranial nerves go through the superior orbital fissure ?

A

3, 4, 6 and V1

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4
Q

what separates ACF and MCF

A

lesser wing of sphenoid

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5
Q

what separates MCF and PCF?

A

petrous ridge of the temporal bone

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6
Q

the cribiform plate is located on the …bone and what CN goes through here

A

ethmoid

CNI ( olfactory n.)

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7
Q

the optic canal is located on the …. and what nerve goes through here?

A

lesser wing of sphenoid

CNII

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8
Q

what CN goes through foramen rotundum

A

V2

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9
Q

what CN goes through foramen ovale

A

V3

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10
Q

What CNs go through the internal acoustic meatus

A

7 and 8

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11
Q

what CNs go through the jugular foramen

A

9, 10, 11

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12
Q

what travels through the foramen magnum

A

11 and vertebral arteries

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13
Q

what goes through the hypoglossal canal

A

CN 12

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14
Q

Where does the Internal carotis artery enter the skull? and where does it enter the MCF?

A

carotid canal

foramen lacerum

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15
Q

what is located directly lateral to the medial pterygoid muscle?

A

lingual nerve

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16
Q

if injection for IAN goes too far, what could you puncture?

A

parotid gland

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17
Q

which cerebral lobe is responsible for impulse control?

A

frontal lobe

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18
Q

which part of the brain deals with muscular coordination?

A

cerebellum

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19
Q

3 fxns of hypothalamus

A
  1. circadian rhythm
  2. hunger
  3. temp control
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20
Q

which part of the brain deals with planning, production (of speech) and personality

A

frontal lobe

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21
Q

what nerve is responsible for taste for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

A

CN 7 (chorda tympani and lingual)

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22
Q

What CN is responsible for taste, swallowing, and gagging in the posterior of the tongue/throat

A

CN 9 (glossopharyngeal)

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23
Q

Which CNs have to do with salivation

A

7 and 9

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24
Q

Which CNs have to do with taste?

A

7, 9, 10

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25
Q

which nucleus is responsible for stimulation of salivation from the parotid gland through CN 9?

A

inferior salivatory nucleus

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26
Q

which nucleus is responsible for stimulation of salivation from submandibular and sublingual glands through CN 7?

A

superior salivatory nucleus

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27
Q

Which CN is responsible for taste in the epiglottis area?

A

CN 10 (vagus)

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28
Q

where does the internal carotid come off of the common carotid?

A

opposite the superior border of the thyroid cartliage

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29
Q

the ICA runs anteriorly to the cavernous sinus with what nerve?

A

CN 6 (abducens)

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30
Q

the cerebral part of the ICA immediately gives of the … in the skull

A

opthalmic atery that supplies the eye

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31
Q

what are the branches of the ICA in the skull?

A 
OPAM 
opthalmic
posterior communicating
anterior cerebral 
middle cerebral
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32
Q

what are the contents in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus? which goes through the cavernous sinus?

A

3,4, V1, V2

6

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33
Q

Do V3 or 7 go through the cavernous sinus?

A

no

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34
Q

the sigmoid sinus becomes the …

A

internal jugular vein

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35
Q

the opthalmic veins drain directly into the ….

A

cavernous sinus

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36
Q

in the scalp, which layers are fused together?

A

skin
connective tissue
aponeurosis epicranialis

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37
Q

which layer of the scalp has blood vessels?

A

connective tissue

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38
Q

which CN is contralateral

A

CN 4 (trochlear)

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39
Q

which CN is most affected by increased intracranial pressure?

A

CN 6 (abducens)

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40
Q

For gagging, which CN deals with sensory (afferent) and which deals with motor (efferent)?

A

sensory- 9

motor- 10

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41
Q

difficulty in raisning shoulders may result from damage of what CN?

A

CN 11 (accessory)

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42
Q

CN 3 starts in the …. and then goes to the … ganglion and then to the eye for accomodation

A

edinger-westphal nucleus

ciliary ganglion

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43
Q

the course of CN 2 is …. and then the occipital lobe

A

lateral geniculate nucleus

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44
Q

a patient with right superior oblique palsy will compensate by …

A

tilting head to left

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45
Q

a patient with left superior oblique palsy will ocmpensate by …

A

tilting head to right

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46
Q

which nerve transmits pain from the TMJ?

A

auriculotemporal nerve in the capsule and periphery of the disc

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47
Q

peripheral LMN lesions of CN 7 will cause what?

A

ipsilateral flaccid paralysis of the facial musculature

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48
Q

lesions of the UMN in CN 7 will cause what?

A

contralateral weakness only on lower face

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49
Q

which CN opens the eye? which closes?

A

3 opens (levator)

7 closes (orbicularis oculi)

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50
Q

pain fibers from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue travel on what CN

A

9

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51
Q

what CN innervates stylopharyngeus muscle?

A

9 (only muscle it innervates)

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52
Q

CN 9 leaves skull through the

A

jugular foramen

53
Q

CN 9 joins … to supply parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland

A

V3 (auriculotemporal nerve (encircling middle meningeal artery))

54
Q

the recurrent laryngeal nerve on the left loops around

A

the aorta

55
Q

the recurrent laryngeal nerve on the right loops around

A

the subclavian

56
Q

CN 10 supplies all the striated muscles of the pahrynx and soft palate except … and ….

A

stylopharyngeus (9)

tensor veli palatini (V3)

57
Q

CN 11 enters through …. and exits through ….

A

foramen magnum

jugular foramen

58
Q

CN 12 supplies all the tongue muscles except…

A

palatoglossus (innervated by vagus)

59
Q

CN 5 provides motor for MOM (temporalis, masseter, medial/lateral pterygoids) but also provides special visceral effferent fibers to …

A

tensor tympani

tensor veli palatini

60
Q

cell bodies of sympathetic fibers in the nerve of the pterygoid canal come from?

A

superior cervical ganglion

61
Q

parasympathetic innervation controlling salivation originates in which CNs

A

7 and 9

62
Q

the parasynmpathetic fibers of 9 emerge from the inferior salivatory nucleus as the ….. nerve and then synapses in the … ganglion and then these postganglionic fibers track with the … nerve ( a branch of V2) to reach the …. gland

A

lesser petrosal

otic

auriculotemporal

parotid

63
Q

the atlanto-occipital joint is the … joint

A

YES

64
Q

the atlanto-axial joint is the … joint

A

NO

65
Q

Way to remember bones of the orbit:

2,2,3,4 all have sphenoid except the floor

which walls correspond to the 2,2,3,4?

A

2- roof
2-lateral
3-floor
4-medial

66
Q

bones of the roof of the orbit?

A

FRONT-LESS

frontal and lesser wing of sphenoid

67
Q

bones of the lateral wall of the orbit?

A

Great-Z

greater wing of the sphenoid and the Zygomatic

68
Q

bones of the floor of the orbit?

A

My Pal catches his Z’s on the floor

Maxilla
Palatine
Zygomatic

69
Q

bones of the medial wall of the orbit?

A

SMEL

sphenoid
maxilla
ethmoid
lacrimal

70
Q

thinnest bone of the orbit?

weakest bone of the orbit?

A

ethmoid

maxilla

71
Q

all superiors …
and
all inferiors …

A

intort

extort

72
Q

all obliques abduct or adduct?

A

abduct

73
Q

the middle ear contains the …

A

ossicles (stapes, malleus, incus)

74
Q

the inner ear contains…

A

semicircular canals (angular motion)

vestibule (linear movement)

cochlea (responds to sound via Organ of Corti)

75
Q

the functions of the auditory ossicles is the increase…. but decrease….

A

force

amplitude

76
Q

what innervates tensor tympani? and what does tensor tympani act on?

A

V3

malleus

77
Q

what CN acts on the stapedius?

A

CN 7

78
Q

in the middle meatus, the infundibulum leads to the …. sinus

A

frontal

79
Q

what drains into the semilunar hiatus?

A

frontal sinus
maxillary sinus
anterior ethmoidal cells

80
Q

nose bleeds happen in …. plexus and this is made up of which arteries?

A

kiesselbach’s

Face your LEGS:
Facial artery
Labial artery
Ethmoidal artery
Greater Palatine artery
Sphenopalatine artery
81
Q

The …. is the largest of the paranasal sinuses and it drains into the …. through the …

A

middle meatus

semilunar hiatus

82
Q

all facial muscles are innervated by

A

CN 7

83
Q

Frontalis muscle action?

A

elevate forehead

84
Q

Depressor anguli oris muscle action?

A

pulls angle of mouth inferiorly and laterally

85
Q

Levator labii superioris muscle action?

A

raises angle of mouth and works with other muscles to deepen the nasiolabial furrow

86
Q

Risorius muscle action?

A

pulls angle of mouth laterally and somewhat superiorly

87
Q

Depressor labii inferioris muscle action?

A

pulls lip inferiorly and slightly lateral

88
Q

Mentalis muscle action?

A

raises base of lower lip to help protrude lip

89
Q

orbicularis oris muscle action?

A

pucker

90
Q

Zygomaticus major muscle muscle action?

A

draws corner of mouth superolaterally during smiling

91
Q

Buccinator action?

A

mastication and swallowing by pushing cheeks against molar teeth while chewing

92
Q

buccinator innervation?

A

CN 7

93
Q

orbicularis oculi muscle action?

A

close eye

94
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris muscle action?

A

raises upper eyelid (innervated by CN 3!)

95
Q

the right common carotid begins at the … and posterior to the …

A

bifurcation of the brachiocephalic trunk

right sternoclavicular joint

96
Q

each common carotid artery ascends into the neck within the carotid sheath to the level of the …. – here it terminates by dividing into the internal and external carotid arteries

A

superior border of the thyroid cartilage

97
Q

the facial artery is a branch of which artery?

A

external carotid artery

98
Q

the maxillary artery supplies all of the following except?

a. nasal septum
b. mandibular incisors
c. hard/soft palate
d. skin of forehead
e. muscles of mastication

A

D. skin of forehead

99
Q

what are the veins of the internal jugular vein?

A

Med School Lets Fun People In:

Middle thyroid v.
Superior thyroid v.
Lingual v.
Facial v.
Pharyngeal v.
Inferior Petrosal sinus
100
Q

the retromandibular v. is formed within the parotid gland by the union of which veins?

A

superficial temporal v.

maxillary vv.

101
Q

the hard palate is made up of which 3 bones?

A

maxilla and paired palatine bones

102
Q

the incisive foramen transmits the … nerve and … artery

A

nasopalatine n.

sphenopalatine a.

103
Q

the levator veli palatini is innervated by…

A

CN 10

104
Q

the tensor veli palatini is innervated by…

A

V3

105
Q

the action of the levator veli palatini is to elevate the … and opens the …. to equalize pressure in the ….

A

soft palate

auditory tube

middle ear and pharynx

106
Q

the … muscle is a thin and triangular and it hooks around the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate

A

tensor veli palatini

107
Q

the action of tensor veli palatini is to tense the … by using the hamulus as a pulley and pulls the membranous portion of the auditory tube open to equalize pressure in the …

A

soft palate

middle ear and pharynx

108
Q

the palatoglossus is innervated by… not …

A

10

12

109
Q

the action of palatoglossus is to elevate the …. and draws the …. inferiorly onto the tongue

A

posterior part of the tongue

soft palate

110
Q

the palatopharyngeus and musculus uvulae are innervated by…

A

CN 10

111
Q

fungiform papillae are innervated by….. more specifically via the … ganglion, … and … ganglion ascending to the … nucles

A

chorda tympani

submandibular

chorda tympani

geniculate

solitary

112
Q

the parotid gland is innervated by … through… nucleus … through …. nerve to …. ganglion

A

CN 9

inferior salivatory

lesser petrosal

otic

113
Q

the parotid gland is between the … and …

A

mandible

sternocleiodmastoid muscle

114
Q

the submandibular glands lie along the body of the mandible and is partly superficial and partly dee to the….. muscle

A

mylohyoid

115
Q

the submandibular glands are innervated by… via…

A

chorda tympani n.

lingual n.

116
Q

what are the contents of the carotid sheath

A

Anna went to Vegas in Jugs Car:

Ansa cervicalis
Vagus n.
Internal jugular v.
Common carotid

117
Q

what structure lies directly anterior to the anterior scalene muscle

A

subclavian v.

118
Q

the … supplies the infrahyoid muscles

A

ansa cervicalis

119
Q

the … nerve is the sole motor nerve supply of the diaphragm

A

phrenic

120
Q

in the posterior triangle, is the transverse cervical n. deep to the fascial floor?

A

no

121
Q

the bifurcation of the trachea lies at the level of which structure?

A

sternal angle

122
Q

what are the branches of the subclavian artery?

A

TV Is Cost Driven

Thyrocervical trunk
Vertebral artery
Internal thoracic artery
Costocervical trunk
Dorsal scapular
123
Q

the subclavian vein has a …

A

bicuspid valve near its termination

124
Q

the internal jugular vein is enclosed in the

A

carotid sheath

125
Q

the …. nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the thorax and abdomen and is enclosed in the carotid sheath

A

vagus

126
Q

the recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch of the

A

vagus nerve

127
Q

the superior cervical ganglion is located at the level of the … and …

A

atlas (C1)

axis (C2)

128
Q

the thoracic duct enters the …. at the junction of the … and …

A

LEFT brachiocephalic v.

subclavian and int. jug. veins

129
Q

the … duct drains lymph from the entire body EXCEPT ….

A

the right side of the head and neck, the RUL and R. side of thorax

NBDE part 1 (9 decks)

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