Griswold Flashcards
AML
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
CMPD
Chronic myeloproliferative disorders
MDS
myelodisplastic syndromes
Includes AML, CMPD, and MDS
Myeloid neoplasms
CD34 and TdT
Immature lymphoblasts
CD13, CD33, MPO
Myeloid
CD19, CD20, kappa and lambda light chains
B cell
CD3, CD4, CD8, CD5
T cell
t(14;18)
Follicular lymphoma
t(8;14)
Burkitt lymphoma
t(11;14)
Mantle cell lymphoma
t(15;17)
Acute promyelocytic leukemia
t(9;22)
Chronic myeloid leukemia
Caused from mistakes made during antigen receptor gene rearrangement. Mutations in precursor cells and mature B cells
Lymphoid neoplasms
Caused by balanced translocations/inversions and acquired mutations in genes that regulate normal hematopoiesis
Myeloid neoplasms
Genetic _______ has higher risk for acute leukemia
Fanconi syndrome
Down syndrome (tri 21) and neurofibromatosis 1 has increased risk for
childhood leukemia
Causes adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL)
HTLV - 1
Causes burkitt lymphoma, HL
EBV
H pylori and hasimotos can cause
MALT lymphoma
Lymph node enlargement
Lymphadenopathy
Lymph node inflammation
Lymphadenitis
Due to stimuli that activate B cells (humoral response). Tingable body macs in germinal center. Caused by toxoplasmosis, early HIV, most commonly by infections
follicular hyperplasia
DDx of follicular hyperplasia
Follicular lymphoma
Due to stimuli that activate T cells (cell mediated immunity). Commonly caused by viruses and chronic skin irritation.
Paracortical hyperplasia
DDx for paracortical hyperplasia
T cell lymphoproliferative disorders
Numerous macs within sinuses. Common in nodes draining cancer. Host response to malignant cells
Sinus histiocytosis
Enlarged, red, tender soft nodes. Follicular hyperplasis. Drainage of infections. Common in kids
Acute nonspecific lymphadenitis
Non tender node enlargement. Due to chronic immunological stimulation.
Chronic nonspecific lymphadenitis.
Tissue involvement
Lymphoma
BM/blood involvement
Leukemia
2/3rd present with non-tender enlarged nodes. 1/3rd present extranodal
Lymphoma
Involves BM so presents with signs of bone marrow failure. Can involve spleen and liver causing hepatosplenomegaly
Leukemia
Anemia, infections, and bleeding are signs of ______
BM involvement
Terminally differentiated B cells (plasma cells). Arise in BM.
Rarely involves nodes.
End stage leukemic.
Plasma cell neoplasms
Fever, night sweats, weight loss
B symptoms
Will recirculate periodically and are widespread on a molecular level at diagnosis
NHL
Spreads in orderly fashion
HL
Normal immune response is _________
polyclonal
Neoplastic process is ________
monoclonal
Include mutations in precursor cells, mature cells (NHL and HL)
Lymphoid neoplasms
