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Greek Flashcards

1
Q

What is the time period of Greek civilization?

A

3200-32 BC

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2
Q

What were independent city-states in Greece called?

A

Polis

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3
Q

What material was abundant in Greek architecture?

A

Marble

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4
Q

How were Greek structures originally colored?

A

Technicolor

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5
Q

Which civilization developed a system of writing that influenced Greece?

A

Phoenicians

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6
Q

Who believed in the Ideal Form?

A

Plato

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7
Q

What principle emphasizes balance and moderation in all things?

A

Golden Mean

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8
Q

What period saw the revival of figure painting in Greece?

A

Dark Age and Geometric Period (1000-700 BC)

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9
Q

What period saw the construction of the oldest Doric and Ionic temples?

A

Archaic Period (700-480 BC)

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10
Q

What was the favorite subject of Greek nude male statues?

A

Kouros

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11
Q

What characteristic smile is seen on female Greek statues, symbolizing life?

A

Archaic smile

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12
Q

What material were original Greek statues made of before being replaced by marble?

A

Bronze

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13
Q

Which period set the standard of Greek art?

A

Classical Period (480-323 BC)

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14
Q

What is the name of the stance where the body weight rests on one leg?

A

Contrapposto

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15
Q

Who formulated the canon of proportions in Greek sculpture?

A

Polykleitos

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16
Q

Which period saw Greek sculptors humanize gods and introduce Corinthian capitals?

A

Hellenic Period (480-323 BC)

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17
Q

What style is characterized by movement and increasing naturalness?

A

Severe Style

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18
Q

What style represents Greece’s Golden Age, with idealized representations of subjects?

A

Classical Style

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19
Q

What sculpture, created by Polykleitos, is known for its vertical folds of clothing?

A

Wounded Amazon

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20
Q

What famous Greek sculpture depicts a discus thrower?

A

Discobolus

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21
Q

What period marks the time after Alexander the Great’s death, exploring new subjects?

A

Hellenistic Period (323-31 BC)

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22
Q

What famous sculpture was placed in front of a ship?

A

Winged Victory of Samothrace

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23
Q

What sculpture depicts characters of a Trojan legend being attacked by serpents?

A

Laocoon and His Sons

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24
Q

What Greek pottery style features figures painted in black silhouette?

A

Black-figure

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25
What Greek pottery style uses red figures against a black background?
Red-figure
26
What Greek pottery style uses a wash of white clay as the background?
White Figure
27
What type of Greek vase was used to store honey, olive oil, wine, and water?
Amphora
28
What is a Greek water jar with three handles called?
Hydria
29
What type of Greek bowl was used for mixing wine and water?
Krater
30
What flask was used for storing and pouring oil?
Lekythos
31
What wine container was used in ancient Greece?
Pelike
32
What Greek jug was used for pouring wine?
Oenochoe
33
What type of Greek drinking cup was used?
Kylix
34
What wine cup was used by Dionysus?
Kantharos
35
What container was used by Greek women to store trinkets or cosmetics?
Pyxis
36
What is a set of rules or principles for designing Greek buildings called?
Classical Order of Architecture
37
What is the earliest and most massive classical order, symbolic of masculinity?
Doric
38
Which classical order is symbolic of femininity and has a fluted shaft with a base?
Ionic
39
Which classical order is the most decorative, featuring slender columns?
Corinthian
40
What technique was applied to Greek columns to counteract perspective?
Entasis
41
What is the small, flat, plain molding used to separate other moldings?
Fillet
42
What is the wide straight surface molding called?
Fascia
43
What convex molding is approximately the exterior of a semi-circle?
Torus
44
What deep concave molding is found on a column base?
Scotia
45
What convex curved molding is a quarter-circle and often features an egg and dart motif?
Ovolo
46
What s-shaped curved molding starts and ends horizontally and often features a honeysuckle motif?
Cyma Recta
47
What s-shaped curved molding starts and ends vertically, often featuring a waterleaf motif?
Cyma Reversa
48
What sculptural column features a female form?
Caryatid
49
What sculptural column features a male form?
Telamones
50
What is the topmost step of a three-step Greek temple base called?
Stylobate
51
What is the main vertical structure of a Greek column called?
Shaft
52
What is the snug band at the top of a column shaft called?
Necking
53
What is the flat, curved element with rounded sides on a column capital called?
Echinus
54
What is the flat square element above the echinus on a column capital?
Abacus
55
What horizontal member sits above the column capital?
Architrave
56
What band above the architrave consists of alternating triglyphs and metopes?
Frieze
57
What are rectangles with carved vertical incisions on a Doric frieze called?
Triglyph
58
What slabs of stone on a Doric frieze are either plain or decorated with relief?
Metope
59
What short band is located under the triglyph?
Regula
60
What projection above the frieze protects it from weather?
Cornice
61
What is the low slanting cornice called?
Raking Cornice
62
What is the triangular gable resting on the cornice called?
Pediment
63
What is the Greek public plaza and meeting place called?
Agora
64
What long colonnaded multi-purpose building functioned as a shopping center?
Stoa
65
What is a Greek 'city upon a hill' called?
Acropolis
66
What type of structure was built to house a deity?
Temple
67
What type of Greek building was used for plays and performances?
Theater
68
What semi-circular space was hollowed out from a hill for performances?
Auditorium
69
What is a large tomb named after King Mausolos called?
Mausoleum
70
What elongated theater was used for foot races?
Stadium
71
What elongated theater was used for horse and chariot races?
Hippodrome
72
What was the Greek senate house called?
Prytaneion
73
What covered meeting place was used by elected officials?
Bouleterion
74
What small covered theater was used in Greece?
Odeon
75
What gymnasium housed athletes in ancient Greece?
Palaestra
76
What is the front porch of a Greek temple called?
Pronaos
77
What is the main room of a Greek temple where the cult statue was housed?
Naos
78
What type of temple plan freed the inside from columns?
Peripteral Columns
79
What large circular area in a Greek theater was used for performances?
Orchestra
80
What was the acting area placed behind the orchestra called?
Proscenium
81
What was the backdrop and dressing area of a Greek theater called?
Skene
82
What was the entrance of a Greek theater called?
Parodos
83
What was the exit of a Greek theater called?
Exodus
84
What was the fortified citadel and state sanctuary of ancient Athens called?
Acropolis of Athens
85
What was the monumental entrance to the Acropolis called?
Propylaea
86
What was the gallery in the Acropolis called?
Pinacothea
87
What was the 40-ft gold and ivory statue in Athens called?
Statue of Athena Promachos
88
What temple is famous for the Porch of the Caryatids?
Temple of Erechtheion
89
What temple was dedicated to Athena and featured 8 Doric columns at the front and rear?
Parthenon
90
Who designed the Parthenon?
Iktinos and Kallikrates
91
Who was the sculptor of the Parthenon?
Phidias
92
What ratio determined the Parthenon’s length to width and column spacing?
0.37777777777777777

History of Arts and Interior Design (52 decks)

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