American Styles Flashcards
What is the Early Colonial style?
The style of English settlers in the eastern coast of North America from 1610-1800.
What are the characteristics of Early Colonial Architecture?
Small cottages with clapboard siding, thatched roof, and chimney made from twigs finished with wattle and daub. Highly flammable. Featured medieval half-timbering.
What is Garrison Colonial?
A style with steep pitched roofs essential for allowing rain and snow to run off easily.
What is New England Hall and Parlor?
A style with an overhanging second storey, small windows, and a central chimney.
What is New England Saltbox?
Developed from the Hall and Parlor plan or Garrison Colonial with an addition of a lean-to at the back.
What is American Georgian style?
A style marked by greater concern for style and higher standards of comfort associated with the emergence of the wealthy middle class.
What are the characteristics of American Georgian Architecture?
Characterized by symmetry with ornamental detailing such as pediments, pilasters, and Palladian windows.
What is the Federal Style?
A style named after the American historical period 1783-1815, which was significant for the establishment of the US.
What are the characteristics of Federal Style Architecture?
Characterized by low pitched or flat roofs usually concealed behind a balustrade of moldings for domestic architecture. Classical orders were also present, but the columns were slender. Placed emphasis on the central entrance, which is set apart with a small one-story portico.
Who was Thomas Jefferson and what was his influence on architecture?
An American statesman and 3rd President who had great influence on architecture during the Federal period.
What is The Rotunda at the University of Virginia?
A building that housed the library while professors lived and held their classes in pavilions. Each pavilion featured a Roman order, representing a full spectrum of classical design.
What is the US Capitol Building and who designed it?
A neoclassical building designed by William Thornton, Benjamin Henry Latrobe, and Charles Bulfinch. The cast iron dome was designed by Thomas Ustick Walter. It symbolizes democracy worldwide.
What is The Monticello?
Thomas Jefferson’s house outside Charlottesville. It showcases Jefferson’s neoclassic touch and style.
What is the American Greek Revival Style?
The first truly national style in the United States, popular due to its strong association with classical tradition.
What is the Custom House, New York?
A building constructed between 1833-1842 by Town and Davis and Frazee, representing the Greek Revival style.
What is the American Gothic Revival style?
A style characterized by strong associational values of religion and nature.
What are examples of American Gothic Revival Architecture?
Examples include Carpenter’s Gothic Cottages and Trinity Church, New York (1839-1846) by Richard Upjohn.
