Greece and Eastern Europe Flashcards
What PDOs are in the Heraklion region of Greece?
Dafnes, Archanes, and Peza
Name three “first growths” of Tokaj (not including the “great first growths”)?
Disnoko, Hetszolo, and Pajzos are easy ones to remember because there are producers named after them.
Name three indigenous grapes of Bulgaria.
Mavrud, Melnik 55, Rubin, Kandarka, Red Misket, Dimyat, Rkatsitelli
What Slovenian appellation is an extension of Friuli’s Carso?
Kras
What is the most important wine region in Russia?
Krasnodar
Why are most wineries in Tokaj founded in the early 1990s?
During communism, all production was in the hands of a single, state-run company. The iron curtain fell in 1989.
What style of wine is produced in the Dafnes PDO? What grape is used?
100% Liatiko, reds only, dry or sweet.
What are the two PDO appellations of Rhodes?
Rhodes PDO & Muscat of Rhodes PDO
What is nychteri?
Nychteri is a style of wine made in Santorini; min. 75% Assyrtiko with Athiri and Aidani, aged for a min. of 3 months.
Name two blending partners for Mandilaria in PDO wines.
Kotsifali (Crete) and Monemvassia (Paros)
What is unique about the vine training on Santorini and why?
Santorini is affected by strong Aegean winds so vines are trained in a stefani (crown) shape low to the ground that allows the grapes to be sheltered in the middle of the vine crown.
What are the seven PDO zones of Crete? Which were original appellations in 1971 and which were added in 2012.
1971: Archanes, Dafnes, Sitia & Peza
2012: Candia, Malvasia Candia, and Malvasia Sitia
Name three regional PGIs of Greece.
Peloponnese, Macedonia, Thessalia, Epirus, etc.
What is Pezsgö?
Sparkling wine made in Hungary
Name 5 winemaking countries that touch the Danube river?
Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Austria, Germany
What grape is the principal component of Mantinia PDO wines?
Moschofilero
What is the most planted white grape in Crete?
Vilana
What grapes is Verdea traditionally made with?
Skiadopoulo, Parlos, and Augoustiatis
What style can Muscat of Samos be made in?
Vin de liqueur, vin doux naturel, or naturally sweet
What country’s appellations are VOCs?
Czech Republic
What is the grape of Nemea?
Agiorgitiko (St. George)
What are the 3 PDO districts of Thessalia?
Rapsani, Messenikola, Anchialos
In the PDOs of Cephalonia, what grapes are dry wines made from? What grapes are sweet wines made from?
dry white wine – Robolo of Cephalonia PDO
sweet white wine – Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains (Muscat of Cephalonia PDO)
sweet red wine — Mavrodaphne, plus max. 50% Maori Korinthiaki (Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia PDO)
What are the favourable vintages in the 90s in Tokaj.
1991, 1993, 1996, and 1999
Name two PDOs of Primorska?
Goriska Brda, Kras, Slovenska, and Vipavska Dolina
What Slovenia appellation is an extension of Friuli’s Colli Goriziano?
Goriška Brda
What PDO sits at the base of Mt. Olympus?
Rapsani
T or F: Retsina can be vintage dated.
False, it cannot.
What two vineyards are the “Great 1st Growths” of Tokaj?
Szarvas and Mézes Mály
What is Profitis Ilias?
Santorini’s highest mountain
PGI wines integrate Greece’s former “vin de pays” category, which was previously called what?
Topikos Inos
Name four PDOs for which Xinomavro is the primary grape.
Naoussa, Amynteo, Goumenissa, and Rapsani
Who controls all the production of Muscat of Samos?
The Union of Viticultural Cooperatives of Samos
T or F: The Great Plain, in the south of Hungary, is known for wine of everyday quality that is consumed locally?
True
Who makes Legacy 1879?
Boutari; Xinomavro from Naoussa with 60% new oak
What are the former corresponding RS levels for the following Aszú levels: 3 Puttonyos 4 Puttonyos 5 Puttonyos 6 Puttonyos Aszúesszencia (7-9 Puttonyos) Natúresszencia
60 g/L 90 g/L 120 g/L 150 g/L 180 g/L 450 g/L (formerly 250 g/L)
What are the 4 PDO regions of the Peloponnese that produce sweet wine?
Muscat of Patras, Muscat of Rio Patras, Mavrodaphne of Patras, Monemvassia-Malvasia.
Where is the Drava River?
Slovenia; Podravska = Drava River Valley
What organization is Istran Szepsy one of the founding members of and what is their mission? What wineries is Szepsy associated with?
“Circle of Mád” - dedicated to elevating the status of dry Tokaji. Szepsy is a winemaker and key figure in Royal Tokaji Company and Királyudvar formerly, and now his own winery Istvan Szepsy.
What are the aging requirements for Tokaji Szamorodni, Maslas, and Forditas?
2 years minimum, with at least one in barrel.
When did the iron curtain fall? Name 5 countries whose wine industries were heavily affected by this.
1989; Germany (to a small extent), Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova (the latter two to lesser extents as well)
Lemnos PDO wines are dominated by what grape? What is the permitted red grape?
Moscato Alexandrias; Limnio
In what PDO is the grape Limnio most significant?
Slopes of Meliton PDO
What are the better soils/aspects of Tokaj?
Soils - volcanic loess/clay. Aspects - southfacing
On what country’s labels would you find the terms DOC - CMD, DOC - CT and DOC - CIB? What does each term mean?
Romania;
DOC - CMD = grapes harvested at full maturity
DOC - CT = late harvested grapes
DOC - CIB = botrytis-affected grapes
What are the PGIs of Slovenia.
Primorska, Podravska, and Posavska
Samos is an island in what sea?
Aegean Sea
In what country would you find the native grapes Feteascā Negra and Feteascaā Regalā?
Romania
Name the 4 PDO appellations of Macedonia.
Slopes of Meliton, Amynteo, Naoussa, Goumenissa
Name 5 countries that border Hungary.
Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Austria
Where are Verdea Traditional Appellation wines produced?
Zakynthos – Ionian Islands
What is the only Greek appellation to mandate the use of a white grape in red blends?
Paros PDO
Koutsi is a sub-zone of what PDO?
Nemea
In what region do most red wines from Croatia get made?
Dalmatia
Who are the largest owners of Mezes Maly?
Royal Tokaji Company owns 11 hectares and Degenfeld owns 13 hectares.
What direction do most of the vineyards of Crete face?
North
Anchialos PDO allows for only ____ wine blended from what two grapes?
Dry white; Roditis & Savvatiano
What are the two principal grapes of Tokaj? What are the other authorized grapes?
Furmint, Harslevelu. Authorized: Sagra Muskotaly (Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains), Zeta (Oremus), Kabar, and Koverszolo
In what PGI is the Malagousia grape most significant?
Halkidiki
Name the dominant grape of the following PDOs: Anchiolas Naoussa Dafnes Lemnos Zitsa Nemea Goumenissa Mantinia Messenikola Patras Amynteo
Anchiolas -- Roditis Naoussa -- Xinomavro Dafnes -- Liatiko Lemnos -- Muscat of Alexandria Zitsa -- Debina Nemea -- Agioritiko Goumenissa -- Xinomavro + Negoska Mantinia -- Moschofilero Messenikola -- Mavro Messenikola Patras -- Roditis Amynteo -- Xinomavro
What is “kouloura”?
The technique of “weaving” vines into a basket shape (stefani/crown) used on the island of Santorini.
What is the most planted grape of Croatia?
Graševina (Welschriesling)
Describe the qualities of the top vintages for Tokaj in Hungary.
- Dry, hot summers, with intermittent rains and cool nights
- early ripening with botrytis onset in August and September
- long harvest, September - November
What two isles does the Paros PDO cover?
Paros and Antiparos
What does Fehér Bor describe?
Hungarian white wine
Name three growing regions in Slovenia?
Primorska (Goriska Brda is within), Podravje, Posavje
Place in order from north to south: Macedonia, Crete, Peloponnese, Santorini, Sterea Ellada, Thessalia.
Macedonia, Thessalia, Sterea Ellada, Peloponnese, Santorini, Crete
Name two wine regions of Lebanon.
Bekaa Valley and Batroun
What region is directly south of Sterea Ellada?
Peloponnese
What red grape originated on the island of Lemnos but is no longer important on the island?
Limnio
What are the cepage requirements for Egri Bikaver?
Must be a blend of at least three grapes, including Kekfrankos. Other authorized grapes include Zweigelt, Cab Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Syrah, and a whole slew of native grapes.
What is the name of the prince who first delimited regions in Tokaj?
Prince Rakoczy
What producer is responsible for 65% of Santorini’s production?
Santo Wines, a cooperative
Name three indigenous Croatian grapes.
Graševina, Grk, Malvazija Istarska, Pošip, Plavac Mali
What is Retsina?
An aromatized white wine flavored with Aleppo pine resin.
What are the 3 PDO regions of the Peloponnese that can make dry wine? What grape is prominent in each?
Nemea — Agiorgitiko
Mantinia — Moschofilero
Patras — Roditis
Where is Thirasia?
Thirasia is the other inhabited isle of the Santorini PDO, along with Thera (aka Santorini)
What are the 2 levels of PDO wines in Greece?
AOC/OPE – Controlled Appellation of Origin
AOSQ/OPAP – Appellation of Superior Quality
What style of sweet wine is produced in the Santorini PDO?
“Vinsanto” = dried grape wine from Assyrtiko (min. 51%), plus Athiri and Aidani
East to West: Primorska, Podravska, Posavska
Podravska, Posavska, Primorska
“Grand Reserve” on a PDO Greek wine means what aging requirements for red/white wine?
whites – min. 2 years (at least 1 year in barrel, 6 months in bottle)
reds – min. 4 years (at least 18 months in barrel, 18 months in bottle)
Who makes “601”?
Achaia Clauss, their Mavrodaphne of Patras
What two grapes would you find in a wine released under the Goumenissa PDO? Where is it?
Xinomavro w/ min. 20% Negoska; Macedonia
Name the five regions of Bulgaria.
Danubian Plain, Thracian Lowlands, Black Sea Region, Struma River Valley, Rose Valley
What is Europe’s largest lake and where is it?
Lake Balaton, Transdanubia in Hungary
When was the last major eruption in Santorini?
17th century BCE
What PDOs of Crete may make only dry wine?
Archanes (dry red from Kotsifali + Mandilaria)
Peza (dry red and white from Vilana and Kotsifali + Mandilaria)
Candia (dry red and white from Vilana and Kotsifali + Mandilaria)
What is the product of refermenting wine with the spent lees of Tokaji Aszú called?
Máslás
Name three PDOs that authorize Roditis for production?
Patras, Anchialos, Slopes of Meliton
What is the full name of Tokaj?
Tokaj-Hegyalja (Tokaj Foothills)
AOC/OPE is a PDO status reserved for _______.
Traditional sweet wines
What does “Palaiomenos se vareli” mean on a bottle of Greek wine marked “Cava” “Reserve” or “Grand Reserve”?
Oak aging exceeds minimum requirements
Name three villages of Tokaj.
Tarcal, Mad, Mezozombor, Bodrogkerestur, Tolcsva, Tokaj
What changes took place in March 2014 for the production of Tokaji Aszu?
3 and 4 Puttonyos has been eliminated, and the “puttonyos” system abolished altogether. Tokaji Aszu now has to be at least 120 g/L of residual sugar.
In what PDOs of Greece do you find Muscat of Alexandria?
Lemnos and Muscat of Lemnos
The Tokaj region of Hungary is at the confluence of what two rivers?
Tisza and Bodrog
True or False: wines of Nemea can only be dry?
False, they can be dry or sweet.
What are the main soils of Hungary?
- Who created the first Hungarian classification? How did it work? how many vineyards are classified?
Prince Rákóczy / 3 levels = 1st, 2nd, 3rd / 1772
74, 27 villages
Great Plain = loess and sand
Lake Balaton = complex mix of basalt volcanic rock with clay and sandstone
Balatonfured = limestone and slate
Tokaj = volcanic with top soil of decayed lava
Where is Mount Athos?
Macedonia; near Slopes of Meliton
What were the three main wines of Greece that were exported post WWII?
Retsina, Mavrodaphne of Patras, and Samos
Why does malolactic fermentation rarely occur in Santorini?
There is hardly any remaining malic acid in the grapes when they’re harvested and the low pH precludes occurrence as well
What two regions on the Greek mainland have no PDO appellations?
Thrace & Central Greece (Sterea Ellada)
What is the approximate size of a puttony?
25 kg. (approx. 25 L)
What do the Greeks call “Thira”?
Santorini
What region lies to the west of Thessalia on the Ionian Coast?
Epirus
Where are the following producers based: Kir-Yianni Achaia Clauss Gai'a -- Hatzidakis Skouras Ktima Gerovassiliou Sigalas Domaine Carras
Kir-Yianni -- Naoussa, Macedonia Achaia Clauss -- Patras, Peloponnese Gai'a -- Nemea and Santorini Hatzidakis -- Santorini Skouras -- northern Peloponnese Ktima Gerovassiliou -- Thessaloniki PGI, Macedonia Sigalas -- Santorini Domaine Carras -- Slopes of Meliton, Macedonia
Name three main sub-regions of Romania.
Crisana + Maramures Banat Transylvania Plateau Hills of Muntenia + Oltenia Danube Terraces Hills of Dobrogea Hills of Moldova
Name one of Plavac Mali’s parent grapes.
Tribidrag
What is the required acquired alcohol range for Tokaj Eszencia and Tokaj Aszu?
Tokaj Eszencia – 1.2-8%
Aszu – min. 9%
What is the white volcanic ash of Santorini called?
Aspa
What style of wine is Eger known for?
Egri Bikavér – “the bull’s blood of Eger”
What is another name for Central Greece?
Sterea Ellada
Where is the Cotnari DOC and what grape is it known for?
Hills of Moldova, Romania; sweet wine made from the Grasa grape
Name three wineries in Israel.
Golan Heights, Galil Mountain, Dalton
Where is the Târnave DOC?
Transylvania Plateau, Romania
What PGI is commonly used in Santorini?
PGI Cyclades
Who makes “Kavalieros”?
Domaine Sigalas, single vineyard Assyrtiko
How many liters of finished Tokaji Aszú can be made from 100 kg of Aszú berries?
220 liters
Which 2 PDOs in Macedonia produce wines solely from the Xinomavro grape?
Naoussa & Amynteo
T or F: Lemnos PDO wines must be dry.
False: Lemnos PDO wines can be dry to medium sweet, as well as made in sweeter sun-dried (liastos) and fortified versions.
Give the Croatian synonyms for Zinfandel.
Tribidrag and Crljenak Kašstelanski
What is Hungary’s hottest region? Where is it?
Villany, along the southern Croatian border in Transdanubia.
What are the major white and red grapes of the Paros PDO?
Mandilaria – red
Monemvassia – white
Name the 6 regions that the Greek mainland is split into?
Macedonia Epirus Peloponnese Thessalia (Thessaly) Thrace Central Greece (Strea Ellada)
Name three PDOs of Greece that are authorized for sparkling wine production.
Zitsa (Epirus), Mantinia (Peloponnese), Amynteo (Macedonia)
What is the soil type of Santorini?
Poor, volcanic soils on a bedrock of limestone and granite
What is nychteri? Where does it get its name?
Nychteri is a style of wine made in Santorini; min. 75% Assyrtiko with Athiri and Aidani, aged for a min. of 3 months. Nychteri means “night” and is called this because it was traditionally pressed at night to limit oxidation.
What are the major white and red grapes of the Sitia PDO?
white – Vilana (min. 70% plus Thrapsathiri)
red – Liatiko (with min. 20% Mandilaria)
What country is broadly divided into the Istria and Dalmatia zones in its coastal regions?
Croatia
The Rapsani PDO is primarily planted to what grape? What grapes is it mandatory to blend with it?
Xinomavro; Krasato & Stavroto
Where in Tokaj are the “great first growths” located? What makes these sites particularly desirable?
Szarvas and Mezes Maly are in the southeastern extension of Tokaj, where the town of Tokaj is and where the Tisza and Bodrog meet. The confluence of the rivers provides ideal conditions for the growth of botrytis. The best vineyards have steep aspects and south facing slopes.
What PDOs of Crete may only make sweet wine?
Malvasia Candia and Malvasia Sitia
Who makes “Megas Oenos” and “Megas Oenos Labrynthos” and what are they?
Skouras in the Peloponnese (PGI Peloponnese); 20% Cabernet Sauvignon and 80% Agiorgitiko; The Labyrynthos was a project started in 1999 by George Skouras when he filled a large barrel with Megas Oenos and would draw out 1/3 of the wine (approx. 300 bottles) every year, and top up with the current vintage. Solera style!
What is the minimum potential alcohol for Eszencia and for Aszú (since 2014)?
Eszencia — 27.75%
Aszú — 19%
What is the most planted white grape variety in Greece?
Roditis
In what two regions does 80% of Ukraine’s wine production take place in?
Crimea and Odessa
Name three countries that border Hungary.
Slovakia, Croatia, Slovenia, Austria, Romania
Semló and the appellations surrounding Lake Balaton are known for what grapes?
White wine from Furmint, Juhfark, and Welschriesling
Where is the most Retsina produced?
Central Greece (Sterea Ellada), specifically Attika, the region surrounding Athens.
What region of Hungary borders Austria’s Burgenland and what grape is grown there?
Sopron; Blaufrankisch (Kékfrankos)
What are the most common grapes of Villany?
Bordeaux varieties (especially Cab Franc), Kékfrankos, Kékoportó (Blauer Portugieser)
What are the three PDOs of Crete that were approved in 2012? When were the other four approved?
Candia, Malvasia Candia, and Malvasia Sitia were approved in 2012; Dafnes, Archanes, Sitia, and Peza were all established when Greek appellations were first approved in 1971.
In what year did Greece see its first appellation classification?
1971
What style of wine is made in the Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO?
Sweet red vin doux natural (from dried grapes or non-dried grapes with the addition of additional grape must)
Marri Korinthiaki is a currant grape used for enriching the sugar content of what wine? How much may be used?
Mavrodaphne of Patras; max. 49%
In what region of Greece was the first sparkling wine produced?
Mantinia, Peloponnese
What does Jegbor refer to in Hungarian Wine?
Ice Wine
Who makes Assyrtiko de Mylos?
Hatzidakis, single vineyard, 100 year-old vine Assyrtiko
What country is home to the Milestii Mici (“Golden Collection”) – the largest wine collection in the world?
Moldova
Where did Ernest Toole make wine?
Cephalonia
What PDOs of Crete may make dry and sweet wine?
Dafnes (100% Liatiko, dry or sweet red)
Sitia (dry whites from Vilana and Liatiko-based dry or sweet reds)
What is the largest island of the Dodecanese chain?
Rhodes
What are the favourable vintages of the 2000s in Tokaj?
2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2013
What is the major grape and supporting grapes of the Santorini PDO?
Assyrtiko (min. 75%), sometimes blended with Athiri and Aidani.
Name 5 PDO regions of Transdanubia (Dunántúl) in Hungary.
Szekszárd, Badacsony, Balaton, Somló, Villany, Sopron
Where is the PDO Dingač and what grape is it known for?
Dalmatian Coast, Croatia; Plavac Mali
What mountain range shelters the Tokaji region?
Carpathian mountains.
What are the most planted red and white grapes in Bulgaria?
Red: Cab and Merlot. White: Rkatsiteli and Dimyat
Describe the qualities of poor vintages in Tokaj.
- Too late ripening
- Too dry, zero botrytis
- cool and rainy summers
- rain at harvest — rot and dilution
What country’s Tokajská appellation makes similar wines to Tokaj?
Slovakia
What is the difference between tokaj and tokaji?
tokaj = the region; tokaji = the wine BUT the wines from the village of tokaj itself may be called tokaj
What are the aging requirements for Tokaji Aszú?
May not be released until January 1, 3 years after harvest. At least 18 months in barrel.
What is the most popular red grape on the island of Santorini?
Mavrotragano
What grapes compose Egri Bikavér, both historically and in modern day?
Historically - Kadarka. Modern - Kékfrankos, Cab, Cab Franc, Merlot
What PDO of Greece is known for continuing to cultivate its grapes on stone terraces?
Samos
What Greek grape translates to “acid black”?
Xinomavro
What style of Tokaji is made with a mixture of aszú and non-aszú grapes is often oxidative in style, and matured for 2 years in cask, sometimes under a layer of flor?
Tokaji Szamorodni
What does “Cava” indicate on a bottle of PGI wine?
white and pink – 1 year aging with at least 6 months in oak
red – 3 year aging with at least 1 year in oak
Where does Hungarian oak come from in Hungary?
The Zemplén forest, north of Tokaj, on the Slovakian border
What are the only two regions allowed to use “Bikavér” on their labels?
Eger (N. Hungary) and Szekszárd (Transdanubia)
The Aegean islands can be found where in relation to the mainland of Greece?
Southeast.
What styles of wine can be produced in the Amynteo PDO?
Red and rosé from Xinomavro. Rosé may be sparkling and both can be dry to medium sweet.
What is the naturally sweet version of Muscat of Samos called? How is it made and what are the aging requirements?
Samnos Nectar; made similarly to vin de paille – dried grapes; aged for a min. of 3 years prior to release.
What is the maximum residual sugar for Szamorodni, Forditas, and Maslas “szaraz”? What is the minimum residual sugar for Szamordoni, Forditas, and Maslas “edes”?
9 g/L; 45 g/L
When is harvest typically in Santorini?
Mid-August (Nychteri and Vinsanto would be later)
What is Controliran?
A superior controlled appellation of origin within a DGO (Declared Geographic Origin) in Bulgaria.
Is must enrichment or wine sweetening allowed in Tokaj?
No, since the 2014, enrichment, sweeting, and bottling outside of the Tokaj region has been banned.
What are the soils like in Tokaj?
Loess and clay with volcanic topsoil.
What is the only PDO zone of Epirus, and what kind of wine does it make and from what grape?
Zitsa PDO; dry, semi-sweet, and sparkling wine made from the Debina grape.
What are the two most important regions in Northern Hungary?
Tokaj and Eger
What PDO is the phrase “blood of the lion”/”blood of Hercules” associated with?
Nemea
“Reserve” on a Greek PDO wine means what aging requirements for red & white wine?
whites – min. 1 year (at least 6 months in barrel, 3 months in bottle)
reds – min. 2 years (at least 1 year in barrel, 6 months in bottle)
What winery was founded in 1997 as a high-end spinoff of Boutari?
Kir-Yianni, Macedonia (holdings in both Amynteo and Naoussa)
What are the two Cyclades islands with PDOs?
Santorini and Paros.
What are the major white and red grapes of the Peza PDO?
white – 100% Vilana
red– blend of Mandilaria and Kotsifali
What is the product of refermenting wine with the pressed paste of Tokaji Aszú called?
Forditás
What is the difference between the “varietal” and “table” categories of PGI wines in Greece?
“Varietal” can carry a vintage and variety on the label. “Table” cannot.
What are the varietal and aging requirements for Monemvassia-Malvasia PDO?
Must be aged in an oxidative environment for at least 2 years and must at least be 51% Monemvassia. Can only be aged in multiples of 4 years after the original 2 years.
In what country are the wines of Massandra made? What style of wine are they known for?
Ukraine, fortified wines
What terms describe Tokaji Szamorodni dry and sweet.
száras/édes
What country does the wine region Hvratsko Primorje PDO touch?
Slovenia
What PDO is a single estate appellation for Domaine Carras? What region is it in?
Slopes of Meliton PDO; Macedonia.
What style of wine is made in the Monemvassia-Malvasia PDO.
Sweet wine produced from sun-dried grapes or VDN
What does “liastos” mean?
Liastos describes naturally sweet (as opposed to fortified) wine, usually made from sun-dried/straw mat-dried grapes.
What PDO is the Tsantali winery most known for?
Rapsani; the only producer with significant vines in the PDO
Achaia Clauss is a famous estate for the production of what wine?
Mavrodaphne of Patras.
T or F: Muscat of Patras and Muscat of Rio Patras PDOs must be made in a vin doux naturel style.
False, they can be made naturally sweet too and in vin doux liqueur.
Why is it possible to produce Tokaj in Slovakia?
2 of the original villages of production were given to slovakia after WWI = name is Tokajasky Vyber
What is the largest and southernmost Greek isle?
Crete
What styles of wine can be made in the Rhodes PDO? From what grapes?
White, red, rosé, and sparkling (dry to medium sweet) from Athiri and Mandilaria
What is Grgić Vina?
Mike Grigch’s estate on the Dalmatian Coast in Croatia
Is Retsina a PDO wine?
No, it’s a covered by several PGIs
What are the aging requirements for Mavrodaphne of Patras?
At least 1 year in wood before release.
Name two geographic features that affect the wine-growing regions of Romania?
Black Sea & Carpathian Mountains
Messenikola is a PDO in ______ that produces only _______ wine from what grapes?
Thessalia; dry red; Mavro Messenikola, plus Carignan and Syrah
What is Demestica?
A Greek grape popularised by Achaia Clauss
Name three appellations in Israel.
Galille, Samaria, Samson, Judean Hills, Negev
What two regions is Mavrodaphne most prominent in?
Peloponnese and Cephalonia
What is the name of the barrel that holds the base wine or must that the puttony of aszú is traditionally added to for Tokaji? How much does it hold?
Gönc (plural: gönci). Approx. 136 L.
How long is Grand Reserve Mavrodaphne of Patras aged?
Minimum 7 years, including 3 years in oak
What modern organization protects Rakoczy’s original classification?
Tokaj Renaissance
What are the two main wine regions of the Czech Republic? Which is responsible for 96% of the republic’s acreage?
Bohemia and Moravia; Moravia
T or F: Red wine is more common in central Transdanubia rather than the extreme north or south?
False: red wine is more common in the extreme north and south of Transdanubia
In what country is the PDO Plešivica?
Croatia
What is Rubin?
A cross of Nebbiolo and Syrah native to Bulgaria
Define Esezencia.
Wine made from free run juice that settles from the Aszú must. Usually these wines take several years to ferment to just 2-3% alcohol.
What is Hungary’s largest wine region?
Kunság –> mass produced wine
What is the most common red grape throughout the Aegean?
Mandilaria.
In what PDO is Mount Vermion?
Naoussa
What is “meltemia”?
A cooling northern wind on Santorini.
What are the three main, overarching wine regions of Hungary?
North Hungary aka Észak Magyarkország, Transdanubia aka Dunántúl (west), Great Plain aka Duna (south)
In what country does California winemaker Mike Grgich have a winery?
Croatia
What style of wine are Muscat of Lemnos wines?
Sweet wine, either made naturally through sun-dried grapes, VDN, or VDL
What is Egri Csillag?
Egri Csillag is a new addition to PDO Eger — a white blend of at least 4 grapes, 50% of the blend must be native grapes.
What are the 4 wine producing islands in the Ionian Sea? What is the only one to have PDOs?
Cephalonia, Kerkyra (Corfu), Lefkada, Zakynthos. Cephanolia is the only one to have PDOs.
What does Habzo refer to in Hungarian wine?
Sparkling
What Greek island accounts for 20% of all Greek wine production?
Crete
Name two Hungarian wine regions are on the shores of Lake Balanton.
Badacsony, Balaton-Felvidék, Káli, Balatonfüred-Csopak, Tihany, Balatonboglár, Zara, and Balaton
What style of wines can be made in the Lemnos PDO?
White (dry, semi-dry, semi-sweet)
Red (dry)
Liastos or VDL
Moschato Alexandrias and Limnio
What grapes can be used in the Monemvassia-Malvasia PDO?
Min. 51 Monemvassia, with Assyrtiko, Asproudes, and Kidonista.
The Tokaj region is formerly known as what?
Tokaj-Hegyalja or Tokaj “Foothills”
What is Greece’s coolest appellation?
Amynteo, within Macedonia
What style of wine is made in the Archanes PDO?
Dry red only. Mandilaria blended with Kotsifali.
What does Aszú translate to?
“Shrivelled”
Name three wineries in Lebanon.
Chateau Musar, Kefraya, Massaya
What styles of wine are made in the Slopes of Meliton PDO?
Dry white from Roditis and Assyrtiko, with Athiri allowed
Dry red from Cabernet Sauvignon with Cab Franc and Limnio allowed
Patras PDO are dry white wines produced from 100% of what grape?
Roditis
Name two producers of Santorini Vinsanto.
Argyrous, Roussos, Gai’a, Gavalas
Where is the Isthmus of Corinth?
The Isthmus of Corinth connects the Peloponnese to the mainland.
Name two bodies of water that affect the climate of Bulgaria.
Danube River and Black Sea
The Greek islands are broadly split into what two groups?
Aegean islands & Ionian islands
What are the principal red and white grapes of the Rhodes PDO?
Mandilaria – red
Athiri – white
(Min. 70% each)
North to south: Monemvassia-Malvasia, Nemea, Patras
Patras, Nemea, Monemvassia-Malvasia (this is also west to east)
What are the required grapes of the Goumenissa PDO? What region is it in?
Xinomavro w/ at least 20% Negoska; Macedonia
What is the southernmost PDO in Europe?
Crete
What is the most planted grape in Crete?
Vilana
What is kataboladi?
The Greek term for layering/provignage, the method of replanting kouloura vines
North to south: Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania
Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria
In the Muscat of Samos PDO, Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains is known as what?
Moscato Aspro
What three grapes are in Chateau Musar’s flagship red? White?
Red — Cab, Carignan, and Cinsault
White — Obaideh and Merwah
What three grapes have their own PDOs in Cephalonia?
Robola, Mavrodaphne, and Muscat
How many wine regions are there total in Hungary?
22
What style of wine is made on the Malvasia Paros PDO?
Fortified or naturally sweet wine from Monemvassia and max. 15% Assyrtiko
How are kouloura vines typically replanted?
Layering aka kataboladi, where the grower buries a cane from a living vine to generate a new plant
What is Cherno More?
Another name for the Black Sea region in Bulgaria
Verdea is similar to what famous wine styles?
Vin Jaune and Sherry
What is Fobor?
A historic precursor to Szamorodni in Tokaj, Forbor can be botrytised and dry or sweet. It is not made in an oxidative style.
Is irrigation common on Santorini?
Irrigation is illega and prohibitively expensive
What two regions of Hungary can legally produce Bikavér?
Eger and Szekszárd
What is zoldveltelini?
GV in Hungary
Place from west to east: Slovenia, Hungary, Croatia
Slovenia, Croatia, Hungary
What is Verdea?
A PGI “Traditional Appellation” for oxidative white wine produced on the island of Zakyntnos in the Ionian Sea.
What PGI would you find in the same area as the Slopes of Meliton PDO?
Halkidiki
What grape translates to ‘black laurel’?
Mavrodaphne
What are the white and red varietals used by Domaine Carras in the Slopes of Meliton PDO?
red – Cab, Cab Franc, Limnio
white – Assyrtiko, Athiri, and Roditis
Name three countries whose vineyards are affected by the Black Sea.
Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova
