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Central & Southern Italy Flashcards

1
Q

What is Trebbiano di Lugana?

A

Trebbiano di Soave = Verdicchio

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2
Q

What river forms the border between Abruzzo and Marche?

A

Tronto River

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3
Q

Name all 5 DOCGs of the Marche

A 
Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG
Conero Rosso Riserva DOCG
Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG
Castello di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG
Offida DOCG
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4
Q

Where is Brindisi DOC and what are the main grapes?

A

Puglia; Chardonnay/Malvasia for whites, Negroamaro for reds

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5
Q

What are the aging requirements for Castello di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva and Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva?

A

Min. 18 months before release

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6
Q

Who makes “Promis”? What kind of soil is it made on? Cepage?

A

Gaja’s Ca Marcanda estate in Bolgheri; the “terre brune” of his Tuscan vineyard in Bolgheri – dark loam and clay; 55% Merlot/35% Syrah/10% Sangiovese

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7
Q

In what year did Chianti become a DOC? DOCG? In what year was Chianti Classico recognized as a separate DOCG?

A

1967; 1984; 1984

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8
Q

What are the primary red grapes of Sardinia?

A

Cannonau (genetically related to Grenache) and Carignano

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9
Q

Where is Biferno DOC? What are the main grapes?

A

Molise; Trebbiano d’Abruzzo and Montepulciano

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10
Q

What DOCG do Fattoria le Terrazze and Luca Lanari make wine in?

A

Conero Riserva DOCG, in the Marche

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11
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Vernaccia di San Gimignano?

A

Min. 85% Vernaccia

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12
Q

What is “starseta Taurasini”?

A

Another word for the traditional pergola system in Taurasi.

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13
Q

What are the best and worst vintages of the 80s for Brunello di Montalcino.

A

Best: 1985, 1988
Worst: 1984, 1989

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14
Q

Where does the red grape Casavecchia have its own DOC?

A

Campania; Casavecchia di Pontelatone

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15
Q

Who makes Perlato del Bosco Rosso? What is the cepage?

A

Tua Rita; 60% Sangio/40% Cab

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16
Q

Who makes “Tignanello” and where? What is the cepage? What was the first vintage?

A

Antinori, Tuscany (80% Sangiovese/20% Cab); 1971

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17
Q

Who released the second Super Tuscan ever? When? What was it?

A

Piero Antinori, Tignanello in 1971; 80% Sangiovese/15% Cab/5% Cab Franc

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18
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Chianti, Chianti Riserva, Chianti Classico, Chianti Classico Riserva?
What about Chianti Rufina/Chianti Rufina Riserva?

A

11.5/12/12/12.5%; 12/12.5%

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19
Q

What is the primary grape of Carmignano DOCG? Required at what percentage? What other grapes are required/allowed?

A

Sangiovese, min. 50%;
10-20% required Cabernet Sauvignon and/or Cabernet Franc
Maximum 20% Canaiolo Nero
Maximum 10% combined Trebbiano Toscano, Malvasia del Chianti, Canaiolo Bianco
Maximum 10% other red grapes authorized in the province of Prato (i.e. Merlot, Syrah)

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20
Q

In what year was Chianti Classico first allowed to be 100% Sangiovese? In what year did it become illegal to use white grapes in the blend?

A

1996; 2006

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21
Q

Compare the relative altitudes of the great estates of Maremma and Bolgheri vs. Chianti.

A

Bolgheri estates (Sassicaia, Ornellaia, Ca’Marcanda, Guado al Tasso, and Le Macchiole) lie almost near sea level, and grow predominately Bordeaux grapes.

Chianti’s finest Sangiovese growing estates (Castello di Volpaia, Castello di Ama, Collelungo) are at 1300-1650 ft (400-500m) above sea level.

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22
Q

What are the cepage requirements of Greco di Tufo DOCG?

A

At least 85% Greco, with the secondary grape being Coda di Volpe

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23
Q

Where is the Arbia River? What is it a torrent of?

A

Located in Castellina in SW Chainti; Ombrone River.

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24
Q

What year did Maremma become a DOC?

A

2011

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25
Q

Which grapes make up the blend of the famed Est!Est!!Est!!! Montefiascone wines?

A

50-65% Trebbiano Toscano, 25-40% Trebbiano Giallo (Rossetto), 10-20% Malvasia Bianca Lunga and/or Malvasia del Lazio

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26
Q

What are the grapes of Vin Santo? What are the aging requirements?

A

Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia (min. 70% for Chianti, min. 60% for Chianti Classico)

Must be aged in caratelli (chestnut wood, allowing rapid oxidation, capacity ranges from 300-500L – no larger than 500L for Chianti, no larger than 300L for CC) for 3 years. Consorzio no longer specifies caratelli, just size of barrels.

Riserva (Chianti), 4 years (except in Montepulciano, where it’s 5). No Riserva designation for CC.

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27
Q

Who makes Paleo Rosso? Where and what is the cepage?

A

Le Macchiole; Bolgheri; 100% Cab Franc (began as Cabernet Sauvignon based with first vintage in 1989, has been 100% Cab Franc since 2001)

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28
Q

What is the grape of Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva DOCG?

A

Nero di Troia/Uva di Troia

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29
Q

Where would you find the DOC of Lacrima di Morro d’Alba?

A

In the Marches, just south of the capital Ancona. This red wine is produced from 100% Lacrima, which produced a light red wine that is red-fruit driven with a little spice and florality.

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30
Q

What DOC provides Montalcino producers a means for releasing “Super Tuscan” wines?

A

Sant’Antimo DOC

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31
Q

What are the best vintages of the 21st century for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

2004, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2012

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32
Q

What DOCGs mandate the usage of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and/or Cabernet Franc?

A

Carmignano (10-20% Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc, combined, required) and Suvereto (Min. 85% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot)

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33
Q

What are the unofficial subzones (fraziones) of Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Castelnuovo dell’Abate, Sant’Angelo in Colle, Torrenieri

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34
Q

What is the ideal soil type for Sangiovese?

A

Limestone-based, with a balance of clay and schist. Some sand is okay, and not too low of a pH (not too acidic).

Galestro, the most prominent soil type of central Tuscany, is a schistous, crumbly rock with clay and marl. Albarese is more calcareous, and found in Tuscany as well as Umbria.

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35
Q

What are the two DOCGs for Verdicchio in the Marche?

A

Castello di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva, Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva

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36
Q

Where would you find the red grape Bovale?

A

Campidano di Terralba/Terralba DOC in Sardegna

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37
Q

Where would you find a DOC for the red grape Tintilia?

A

Molise

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38
Q

What do acsiutto or amabile mean, and where are these terms used?

A

Dry and off-dry, respectively. Used in Southern Italy – Campania, Bascilicata, etc.

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39
Q

What does “liquoroso” mean on a bottle of Vin Santo?

A

It is fortified

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40
Q

Panzano & Lamole are recognized crus of what region?

A

Greve in Chianti

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41
Q

What is the driest region of Tuscany?

A

Montalcino; it is protected by the rainshadow effect from Monte Amiata

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42
Q

What are the two red wine DOCGs of the Marche?

A

Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG and Conero Rosso Riserva DOCG

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43
Q

What two DOCGs are adjacent to Bolgheri?

A

Suvereto and Val di Cornia Rosso

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44
Q

What is the difference in aging vessels used between Valentini and Emidio Pepe?

A

Valentini - large slavonian botti

Pepe – concrete

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45
Q

What is the designated elevation for Aglianico del Vulture Superiore?

A

200-700m.

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46
Q

There are 12 “menzioni geografiche” crus that DOC Matelica wines may have on the label. Name three.

A

Cambrugiano, Colferraio, La Valle, La Monacesca, Mistriano, Sainale, Santa Teresola, Valbona, Vinano, Del Cerro, Fogliano, and San Leopardo.

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47
Q

With what wine region is the black cockerel associated?

A

Chianti Classico

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48
Q

What region lies directly south of Abruzzo on the Adriatic coast?

A

Molise

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49
Q

In what region is Costa d’Amalfi a DOC, and what are its subzones? What are the main grapes?

A

Campania; Furore, Ravello, and Tramonti.
Bianco/Spumante/Passito – Falanghina and Biancolella
Rosato/Rosso/Passito – Piedirosso and Aglianico

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50
Q

Where is the Passito di Pantelleria DOC and what style of wine is made there?

A

Pantelleria – an island off the coast of Tunisia, and technically part of Sicilia. Zibbibo (Moscato) is the grape, made Spumante, Dorato, Liquoroso, Passito, Dolce, and Frizzante.

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51
Q

What Tuscan winemaker is the nephew of Tenuta San Guido’s Marquis Mario Rocchetta?

A

Piero Antinori

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52
Q

In 1716, Grand Duke Cosimo III of Medici issued a decree with 4 delimited appellations of Tuscany. Name them.

A

Carmignano, Pomino, Chianti, and Valdarno

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53
Q

What is the Mediterranean known as to the west of Italy? To the east?

A

West – Tyrrhenian Sea

East – Adriatic Sea

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54
Q

What is “governo”?

A

A process permitted in Chianti whereby wine is referemented with the juice of dried grapes to strengthen the wine and initiate malo

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55
Q

What are the RS requirements for Cannellino di Frascati?

A

Min. 35 g/L RS

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56
Q

What are the aging requirements for Taurasi DOCG?

A

3 years total, with at least 1 in wood (Riserva – 4 years with 18 months in wood)

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57
Q

What is the grape of Piglio DOCG?

A

Cesanese; it is also called Cesanese del Piglio

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58
Q

What is the primary red and white grapes of Ciro DOC?

A

Gaglioppo; Greco Bianco

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59
Q

Who makes Vigna del Sorbo? What’s the appellation/cepage?

A

Fontodi; Chianti Classico Riserva DOCG; 10% Cab/90% Sangiovese (since 2010, 100% Sangiovese and Gran Selezione DOCG). First vintage 1985.

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60
Q

Where does Slavonian oak come from?

A

A historic and geographical area of eastern Croatia.

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61
Q

When were the subzones of Chianti created? What is the exception, and when was it added?

A

1932; Montespertoli was added in 1997 – it used to be part of Colli Fiorentini

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62
Q

What are Castello di Rampolla’s super Tuscans? Where are they based?

A

Sammarco & Vigna d’Alceo (both predominately Cab. S.); Greve in Chianti (Conca d’Oro in Panzano)

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63
Q

What is invaiatura?

A

Veraison

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64
Q

What Campanian DOCG lies just 40 miles from Bascilicata’s Aglianico del Vulture DOCG?

A

Taurasi

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65
Q

What are the DOCGs of Lazio?

A

Frascati Superiore DOCG, Cannelino di Frascati DOCG (late harvest), and Cesanese del Piglio DOCG

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66
Q

What are the cepage/aging requirements for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano? (Rosso and Rosso Riserva)

A

Min. 70% Sangiovese for both.
Rosso: 2 years (at least 1 in wood)
Riserva: 3 years (at least 6 months in bottle)

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67
Q

What are the three varietal wines that can be made in Offida DOCG? Where is Offida located?

A

Montepulciano, Passerina, and Pecorino; Marche (Montepulciano is considered Offida Rosso DOCG; 85% of each is required).

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68
Q

Who makes Case Basse? When was it first released normale/riserva? When was this producer’s first vintage making wine?

A

Soldera; 1990/1995; Soldera’s first vintage was 1975 “Rosso Dai Vigneti di Brunello” (Vino da Tavola) – essentially a precursor to Rosso di Montalcino. In 1977, he released his first Brunello di Montalcino DOC (which became DOCG in 1980), but Case Basse didn’t appear on labels until 1990.

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69
Q

Where is Cortona a DOC, and what is the main grape?

A

Tuscany; Syrah

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70
Q

What regions of Italy have no DOCGs?

A

Alto Adige, Trentino, Valle d’Aosta, Liguria, Molise, Calabria

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71
Q

What styles of wine are made in the Noto DOC? Where is it? Name one producer.

A

Styles:

  • Moscato di Noto/Spumate/Liquoroso/Passito (100% Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains)
  • Rosso/Nero d’Avola - 65%/85% Nero d’Avola

Planeta makes both a red and a white Noto

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72
Q

What are the three official sub-zones of Cannonau di Sardegna DOC?

A

Oliena (Nepente di Oliena), Jerzu and Capo Ferrato

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73
Q

Where is the Offida DOCG? What kind of wines are made there? When was it elevated to DOCG status?

A

Marche; red wines from Montepulciano and varietal whites from Passerina and Pecorino; 2011

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74
Q

Where is the Squinzano DOC and what styles of wine are made there?

A

Puglia; Rosso from Negroamaro and Bianco from Malvasia/Chardonnay, plus varietal wines

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75
Q

What does “Vigneti ad alberata” mean on a bottle of wine and where are you likely to see it?

A

It means the vines are trained in the traditiona “alberata” manner up poplar trees; the Aversa DOC of Campania

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76
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Chianti Classico DOCG? How do they differ from Chianti DOCG?

A

80-100% Sangiovese (other grapes allowed: Canaiolo, Colorino, Cab, Merlot. As of 2006, no white grapes)

Chianti: 70-100% Sangiovese, with max. 10% white grapes, and max. 15% combined Cab/Cab F.

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77
Q

Chianti Classico is spread over 9 communes. Name them, and which it covers in their entirety, and which only partially.

A

In entirety: Greve, Gaiole, Radda, Castellina

Partially: Castelnuovo Berardegna, Poggibonsi, Barberino Val d’Elsa, Tavarnelle Val di Pesa, San Casciano in Val di Pesa

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78
Q

What DOC is Morellino di Scansano DOCG mostly within?

A

Maremma DOC

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79
Q

How do the Aglianico DOCGs of Campania differ from that of Bascilicata in terms of cepage?

A

Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG in Bascilicata requires 100% Aglianico; Both Taurasi and Aglianico del Taburno DOCGs in Campania only require 85%

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80
Q

What is the least mountanous region in all of Italy?

A

Puglia

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81
Q

What type of barrel is Vin Santo traditionally aged in?

A

Caratelli (chestnut) – 50-225L

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82
Q

What is the current appellation on Vigna del Sorbo?

A

Since 2010, Chianti Classico Gran Selezione

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83
Q

Who makes Messorio? What does it mean and what is the cepage?

A

Le Macchiole; “the perfect child”; 100% Merlot

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84
Q

What city in Umbria was the historical summer retreat for the Papacy? What kind of wine is it famous for? What grape(s) is/are used to make this wine? What percentage of DOC classified Umbrian wine comes from this city/region?

A

Orvieto is the historical retreat of the Popes and is known for white wine produced from Grechetto and Trebbiano Toscana (along with Verdello, Canaiolo Bianco and others). Orvieto accounts for 70% of Umbria’s DOC classified wine

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85
Q

What was the first vintage of Paleo Rosso? When did it become 100% Cabernet Franc and what was the cepage before that?

A

1989/2001/Mostly Cabernet Sauvignon

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86
Q

Who makes Solaia? When was the first vintage? What is the cepage?

A

Antinori; 75% Cab/20% Sangio/5% Cab Franc; 1978

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87
Q

What styles of wine can be made in the Greco di Tufo DOCG?

A

Greco di Tufo and Greco di Tufo Spumante

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88
Q

Of the four communes entirely within Chianti Classico, which is least likely to be considered part of the original historic zone?

A

Greve, which lies further north of the other three, closer to Firenze

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89
Q

What are “Super Umbros”? Which of the following producers makes a Super Umbro: Paolo Bea, Arnaldo Caprai, Lungarotti?

A

Super Umbro is a term that is used to describe the Umbrian version of the Super-Tuscan – wine made from Bordeaux varietals that have been stealthily invading Umbria. None of these very traditional producers makes (or probably would ever make) a Super-Umbro.

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90
Q

In what year did Castello di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva and Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva become DOCGs?

A

2009

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91
Q

What Tuscan estate translates to “The House of Endless Negotiations”?

A

Ca’Marcanda

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92
Q

Put the three DOCGs for Aglianico from north to south.

A

Aglianico del Taburno
Taurasi
Aglianico del Vulture Superiore

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93
Q

What two seas border Maremma? What village is it near?

A

Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas; Magliano

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94
Q

Who makes Pian del Ciampolo? What’s the cepage?

A

Montevertine; Sangiovese/Canaiolo/Colorino

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95
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Chianti DOCG? What subzone has an exception?

A

70-100% Sangiovese (Colli Senesi must be 75%); no more than 15% Cab/Cab Franc combined; white grapes allowed up to 10%

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96
Q

What are the cepage requirements of Suvereto DOCG Rosso? What can be made varietally?

A

Rosso = min. 85% Cab/Merlot

Cab, Merlot, and Sangiovese can be made varietally = min. 85%

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97
Q

What is the soil type of Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Clay & marine sediments at lower elevations

Galestro at higher

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98
Q

Which subzones of Chianti require additional aging for Riserva? Normale?

A

Normale Chianti cannot be released until 3/1, the year after harvest. Montespertoli cannot be released until 6/1. Rufina and Colli Fiorentini cannot be released until 9/1.

Riserva Chianti requires 2 years aging from 1/1 of the year following harvest. Colli Fiorentini and Rufina require at least 6 months of that to be in oak. Colli Senesi requires 8 months in oak, 4 in bottle.

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99
Q

Where would you be most likely to find the Nuragus grape? White or red?

A

Southern Sardinia – Nuragus di Cagliaria DOC; White grape

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100
Q

Where would you find wines labeled Lacryma Christi and what does it indicate?

A

The Vesuvio DOC of Campania; “Lacryma Christi” (the tears of Christ) indicates a superior alcohol content (min. 12%). Can be Bianco, Rosso, Spumante, Rosato, or Bianco Liquoroso.

White grapes – Verdeca and Coda di Volpe
Red grapes – Sciascinoso and Piedirosso

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101
Q

What is Vino Cotto, and where is it made?

A

AKA cooked wine. It is made from the grape must of white grapes (pecorino, passerine, pagadebito caccio, maceratina, gaglioppa). The must is boiled in a copper pot till it is reduced by a third. This is then put into oak barrels where after fermentation, it is aged. Each subsequent harvest is used to fill the barrel back up. Has no alcohol content.Originally, a typical product of the Marche region, it is also made in Abruzzo and Calabria.

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102
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Suvereto DOCG?

A

Rosso or Rosso Riserva – Cab & Merlot, with a max. 15% other grapes. Sangiovese, Merlot, and Cab can be varietally bottled, with a min. of 85% of that grape.

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103
Q

How can malolactic fermentation be induced?

A

Raising temperature or inoculation

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104
Q

Who makes Desiderio? What is the cepage/first vintage?

A

Avignonesi; 85% Merlot, 15% Cab S.; 1988

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105
Q

Where are the highest altitude red wine vineyards in all of Europe?

A

Guardiola, on Mt. Etna in Sicily

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106
Q

Describe the soil of Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Clay and marine sediment at lower altitudes; galestro (soft, marl-like soil) at higher.

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107
Q

Who makes Guidalberto? What is the cepage?

A

Tenuta San Guido, Merlot and Cab

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108
Q

Diego Molinari is the proprietor of what Montalcino estate?

A

Cerbaiona

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109
Q

What was Italy’s first DOC and when was it awarded?

A

Vernacchia di San Gimignano; 1966

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110
Q

Where is the tributary Elsa?

A

It is a tributary of the Arno in western Chianti

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111
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Etna Rosso and Etna Rosso Riserva?

A

12.5%/13%

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112
Q

Where would you find the sub-zone Monti?

A

Gaiole in Chianti Classico

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113
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

12.5%

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114
Q

What is the most famous frazione of Gaiole in Chianti Classico?

A

Monti

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115
Q

What is the DOCG of Sicily and what are its requirements?

A

Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG; 50-70% Nero d’Avola, 30-50% Frappato

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116
Q

Why are there “Super Tuscans” that are 100% Sangiovese from the Chianti region?

A

Italian law used to require that Chianti be a blend of grapes; it could not be 100% Sangiovese.

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117
Q

Name three producers based in Gaiole in Chianti?

A

Barone Ricasoli, Castello di Ama, i Sodi, La Porta di Vergine, San Giusto a Retennano

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118
Q

Name three producers of Taurasi DOCG.

A

Mastroberardino, Luigi Tecce, Cantine Leonardo, Feudi di San Gregorio, Quintodecimo

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119
Q

What styles of wine based on what grapes can be made in the Montefalco DOC?

A

Bianco from min. 50% Grechetto with Trebbiano Toscano

Rosso/Rosso Riserva from 60-70% Sangiovese with 10-15% Sagrantino

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120
Q

What bodies of water help regulate the temperature in land-locked Umbria?

A

The Tiber river; the lakes Trasimeno, Bolsena, and Corbara

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121
Q

What can you expect the ABV on a vin santo to be?

A

15.5-17%

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122
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG?

A

Min. 90% Sangiovese

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123
Q

At what altitudes does most serious viticulture in Chianti take place?

A

800-1600 feet (250-500m)

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124
Q

Name four synonyms for Sangiovese and where they are found.

A

Sangioveto (Chianti)
Sangiovese Grosso/Brunello (Montalcino)
Prugnolo Gentile (Montepulciano)
Morellino (Scansano)

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125
Q

What is the only DOC for solely rosato wines in all of Italy?

A

Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo

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126
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG? Name four producers.

A

13%; COS, Planeta, Occhipinti, Valle dell’Acate

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127
Q

What is a tonneaux?

A

A 500 L barrel used in Tuscany.

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128
Q

What separates Calabria from Sicily?

A

The Straight of Messina

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129
Q

What is the soil type of Taurasi?

A

Limestone of marine origin mixed with clay

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130
Q

What is Occio di Pernice?

A

A rosé version of Vin Santo del Chianti/Chianti Classico, where a minimum of 50% (80% in Chianti Classic) Sangiovese is added to the white grape blend of Malvasia and Trebbiano. (In Bolgheri, 50-70% Sangiovese with 30-50% Malvasia Nera)

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131
Q

Name three producers aging their Brunello in barrique.

A

Siro Pacenti, Poggio Antico, Fanti, Il Palazzone

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132
Q

Suvereto DOCG was a sub-zone of what DOCG until it was elevated in 2011?

A

Val di Cornia DOCG

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133
Q

Who makes Camartina?

A

Querciabella, Greve in Chianti, 70% Cab/30% Sangiovese

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134
Q

What consulting enologist is considered the father of the “modernist” movement in Tuscany, and who has he worked for?

A

Giacomo Tachis, longtime head of enology at Antinori. He also consulted for Sassicaia.

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135
Q

What three DOCGs lie within Irpinia?

A

Greco di Tufo, Fiano di Avellino and Taurasi.

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136
Q

What DOC does Aglianico del Taburno lie within?

A

Sannino/Falanghina di Sannino

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137
Q

Name three producers based in Castellina in Chianti.

A

Bibbiano, Castellare di Castellina, Castello di Fonterutoli, Nittardi

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138
Q

In what year was Soldera’s estate broken into, and what vintages were affected by the vandalism?

A

2012; 2007-2012

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139
Q

What kind of wines are made in the Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG?

A

Red passito wines from the Aleatico grape (possibly a red-skinned mutation of Muscat)

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140
Q

Who makes Giustro di Notri? What is the cepage?

A

Tua Rita; 30% Merlot/60% Cab Sauv/10% Cab Franc

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141
Q

Who makes Le Pergole Torte? What’s the cepage? What was the first vintage? Who is the proprietor?

A

Montevertine; 100% Sangiovese; 1977; Sergio Maneetti

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142
Q

Who made the 1st‘super-Tuscan’ wine and when was it first released commercially? What was it’s original label designation?

A

The Marchese Mario Incisa della Rocchetta first made Saissicaia (Cabernet Sauvignon from his Tenuta San Guido estate in Bolgheri) in 1944; it was his personal wine. The first vintage released for commercial sale in 1971 was the 1968 vintage. The original label was Vino da Tavola.

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143
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Brunello di Montalcino and Rosso di Montalcino?

A

12.5%/12%

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144
Q

What other DOCG besides Brunello di Montalcino do Ciacci Piccolomini, Collemassoni, and Livio Sassetti release wines from?

A

Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG

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145
Q

What is Ca’Marcanda’s white wine?

A

Vistamare (“Sea View”) – Vermentino/Viognier/Chard/SB

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146
Q

Who is Giulio Gambelli?

A

A Tuscan enologist who consulted on many famous projects, including Gianfranco Soldera’s Brunello di Montalcino and Sergio Manetti’s Le Pergole Torte.

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147
Q

What are the three sub-zones of Cannonau di Sardegna?

A

Oliena, Jerzu, and Capo Ferrato

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148
Q

Name three producers of Aglianico del Vulture Superiore.

A

Cantine del Notaio, Feudi di San Gregorio, Paternoster

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149
Q

In what DOC would you find the subzone Campi Taurasini, and what is the main grape?

A

Irpinia DOC in Campania; Aglianico

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150
Q

What DOC mandates that its rosato wines can only be made via saignee or blending?

A

Etna DOC

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151
Q

What was the first year that Sassicaia carried the Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC on its label?

A

1994; up until then Bolgheri was a DOC for white wine! In 1994, red wine became part of the DOC and Bolgheri Sassicaia was a subzone. Became its own DOC in 2012.

152
Q

What is the capital of Campania?

A

Naples

153
Q

What are the requirements for Riserva Chianti? Superiore Chianti?

A

Riserva – 2 years of age/12% alcohol (some subzones require oak aging)

Superiore – 12% alcohol, 6 months more aging, and lower yields

154
Q

Where is Monte Amiata? What region does it famously affect and how?

A

Monte Amiata is in southern Tuscany, just SE of Montalcino. It attracts precipitation and keeps Montalcino the driest region in all Tuscany.

155
Q

Who (and from what winery) is credited with the creation of the Carmignano DOCG?

A

Contini Bonacossi of Capezzana

156
Q

What mountain range forms the border b/t Tuscany and Emilia Romagna as well as Tuscany and Lazio/Marche?

A

Appennine Mountains

157
Q

Where would you find the subzones Terre di Casauria, Terre dei Vestini, Alto Tirino, Terre dei Peligni, and Teate?

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC

158
Q

What is the worst vintage of the 21st century so far for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

2002

159
Q

What is Biondi Santi’s Fascia Rossa? When was it made?

A

Fascia Rossa (red stripe) Rosso di Montalcino – declassified BdM. Made in 2002 and 2014.

160
Q

What are the three DOCGs of Castel del Monte? What region are they in?

A

Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva
Castel del Monte Nero di Troia
Castel del Monte Bombino Nero;
Puglia

161
Q

Where are the DOCs of Fara and Faro, respectively?

A

Fara – Piedmont

Faro – Sicily

162
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Fiano di Avellino DOCG? What are the supporting grapes?

A

At least 85% Fiano; Trebbiano Toscano, Coda di Volpe, and Greco

163
Q

What is the DOCG of Abruzzo and what are its requirements?

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG; at least 90% Montepulciano, aged for 2 years, with at least one in wood (Riserva is min. 3 years)

164
Q

What is the sweet wine DOCG of Puglia? What are its requirements?

A

Primitivo di Manduria Dolce DOCG; min. 50 g/L RS, may or may not be appassimento

165
Q

What is agricultura promiscua? What kind of vine training does it traditionally accompany?

A

“Promiscuous agriculture” – interplanting of grape vines next to other crops. Traditionally, grape vines would be planted in pergola, to allow for other crops to be planted below them.

166
Q

Name three producers based in Greve in Chianti?

A

Fontodi, Il Molino di Grace, Querciabella, Villa Calcinaia, Castello dei Rampolla

167
Q

What are the parents of Sangiovese?

A

Ciliegiolo x unknown (believed to be Calabrese di Montenuovo, a grape found in Campania, of Calabrian origin)

168
Q

What is the minimum alcohol of Chianti DOCG?

A

11.5%

169
Q

What is the minimum alcohol and RS range for Montefalco Sagrantino Passito?

A

18% potential/14.5% acquired; 80-100 g/L RS

170
Q

What are the aging requirements for Bolgheri Rosso Superiore? Bolgheri? Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC?

A

Bolgheri Rosso - min. 1 year
Bolgheri Rosso Superiore - min. 2 years, with at least 1 year in oak
Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC - min. 2 years, with at least 18 months in oak

171
Q

Who makes Guado al Tasso? Where from and what is the cepage?

A

Antinori; Bolgheri. Approx. 65% Cab/20% Merlot/12% Cab Franc/3% PV (2008 numbers)

172
Q

What is Elba?

A

About 12 miles off the coast of Maremma is the isle of Elba, notably the site of the French Emperor Napoleon’s exile in 1814. In 2011, the Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG was finalized for sweet red passito wines made from the Aleatico grape on the island. Aleatico has been genetically linked to the Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains grape; possibly it is a red-skinned mutation.

173
Q

What are the subzones of Chianti? Bonus points for naming the provinces of each.

A

Rufina, Colli Fiorentini, Montespertoli (all three in Firenze), Colli Aretini (Arezzo), Colli Senesi (Siena), Colline Pisane (Pisa), Montalbano (Prato, Pistoia, Firenze)

174
Q

What was the first vintage of Ornellaia? What grapes are used?

A

1985; Cab/Cab Franc/Merlot/PV

175
Q

What does the designation Chianti Classico Gran Selezione mandate? When was it created?

A

All estate fruit, 30 months aging w/ at least 3 months in bottle; 2013 for 2010 vintage (but estates were allowed to petition to back date). Min. 13% alcohol.

176
Q

Which area of Italy became the first Italian wine to display the neck-strip of the Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (D.O.C.G.)?

A

“Vino Nobile di Montepulciano” became the first Italian wine to display the neck-strip of the Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (D.O.C.G.).

177
Q

What is the difference between Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG wines and Serrapetrona DOC wines?

A

DOCG wines are sparkling; DOC wines are still

178
Q

In what commune of Chianti Classico is the Tignanello estate?

A

San Casciano Val di Pesa

179
Q

Compare Brunello & Chianti.

A

Montalcino is hotter and sandier than Chianti; producers a more alcoholic, tannic, and extracted wine.

180
Q

Describe the viticultural characteristics of Sangiovese.

A

Can be vigorous if not pruned/planted correctly; gets flabby quick on soils that heat up too quickly; mid to late ripening, depending on climate

181
Q

Who makes Pagliaro and what is the appellation?

A

Paolo Bea, Montefalco Sagrantino

182
Q

Name the appellation and first vintage of the following wines:

  • Guado al Tasso
  • Paleo Rosso
  • Ornellaia
  • Massetto
  • Sassicaia
  • Guidalberto
  • Promis
A
  • Guado al Tasso: DOC Bolgheri Superiore, 1990
  • Paleo Rosso: IGT Toscana, 1989
  • Ornellaia: DOC Bolgheri Superiore, 1985
  • Massetto: IGT Toscana, 1986
  • Sassicaia: DOC Bolgheri Sassicaia, 1968
  • Guidalberto: Toscana IGT, 200
  • Promis: Toscana IGT, 1996 (estate purchased)
183
Q

What styles of wine are made in the Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG?

A

Sparkling reds, dry or sweet, with 40% Passito grapes

184
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Taurasi DOCG and Aglianico del Taburno DOCG?

A

Both require min. 85% Aglianico

185
Q

Describe two effects of the Apennine Mountains on Chianti.

A

Provides altitude, which is important for Sangiovese, as well as shields from the cold wind that blows across the north toward Emilia Romagna.

186
Q

What Montalcino estate was Bramante Abbruzzese the proprietor of?

A

Valdicava

187
Q

What is the province of Aglianico del Taburno DOCG? Taurasi DOCG?

A

Benevento; Avellino

188
Q

Who makes Percarlo?

A

San Giusto a Retennano; Gaiole in Chianti; 100% Sangiovese; 1983

189
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Rosso Piceno DOC?

A

Rosso: 35-85% Montepulciano, 15-50% Sangiovese; Varietal Sangiovese requires a min. 85%

190
Q

What is the straw covered bottle that Chianti once came in called?

A

Fiasco

191
Q

What provinces does Chianti DOCG cover?

A

Firenze, Siena, Arezzo, Prato, Pisa, Pistoia

192
Q

Where is the Misa river?

A

Marche – Castello di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG

193
Q

In what DOC does Sassicaia have its own sub-zone? What are the requirements?

A

Bolgheri; Min. 80% Cab, must be aged for a min. 2 years, with 18 months in barrique

194
Q

What is the furthest north DOCG in Tuscany?

A

Carmignano

195
Q

What are the two DOCGs of Umbria?

A

Torgiano Rosso Riserva and Montefalco Sagrantino

196
Q

Who makes L’Eremo? What is the cepage?

A

Isole e Olena –100% Syrah

197
Q

What region is Capri DOC considered a part of, and what are the primary grapes?

A

Campania; Falanghina (min. 50%) with Greco for whites (max. 20% Biancollela); Piedirosso (min. 80%) for reds

198
Q

What two Italian regions are separated by the Straight of Messina?

A

Calabria and Sicily

199
Q

What is Grechetto called in Tuscany?

A

Pulcinculo (“flea in the bottom”)

200
Q

What DOCGs of Tuscany require 100% Sangiovese?

A

Just Brunello di Montalcino.

201
Q

What denomination cannot be used in conjunction with a subzone name in Chianti?

A

Chianti Superiore

202
Q

What are the three primary grapes of Bolgheri Bianco?

A

Vermentino, Sauvignon, and Trebbiano (with a max. of 30% other grapes)

203
Q

What are the cepage and aging requirements for Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG?

A 
At least 90% Montepulciano (max. 10% Sangiovese)
2 years (1 in wood), 3 for Riserva
204
Q

What styles of wine can be made in Maremma Toscana DOC based on what grapes?

A

Bianco (Spumate, Passito, VT, Normale) - min. 40% combined or seperate Vermentino & Trebbiano
Rosso (Passito, Novello, Normale) - min. 40% Sangiovese
Rosato - min. 40% Sangiovese/Ciliegiolo
Vin Santo
Varietal Wine

205
Q

What is the grape of Valentini’s Trebbiano d’Abruzzo?

A

Bombino Bianco

206
Q

What DOCG does the Esino river flow through?

A

Castello di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG

207
Q

Who makes Batar and what grapes are in it?

A

Querciabella, 50% Chard/50% PB, Toscana IGT

208
Q

What is the coolest subzone of Chianti?

A

Rufina

209
Q

Where is the DOC of Melissa and what grape is most grown there?

A

Calabria; Greco. Also a DOC for Rosso from predominately Gaglioppo.

210
Q

What year did the controversy of adding other grapes to Brunello come to a head?

A

2008 (primarily concerning the 2003 vintage)

211
Q

What is a synonym for Nero d’Avola in Sicily?

A

Calabrese

212
Q

Who was the consulting enologist for Ornellaia?

A

Michel Rolland

213
Q

Who is the current owner of Ornellaia?

A

Frescobaldi

214
Q

In what cru of Greve is Sangiovese known as Sangioveto?

A

Lamole

215
Q

Slavonian oak is a sub-species of what? Where is this species found?

A

Quercus robur – found in the Limousin and Balkan forests of France

216
Q

Compare the alcohol and aging requirements of Aglianico del Taburno vs. Taurasi DOCGs.

A

Aglianico del Taburno allows for Rosato production.

AdT Rosso 12%, Rosso Riserva 13%
Taurasi Rosso 12%, Rosso Riserva, 12.5%

Adt Rosso, 2 years; Rosso Riseva, 3 years (1 in oak)
Taurasi Rosso, 3 years (1 in oak), Rosso Riserva, 4 years (18 months in oak)

217
Q

Name four other grapes authorized for production in Chianti Classico DOC besides Sangiovese?

A

Colorino, Canaiolo Nero, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot

218
Q

What is the capital of the Marche?

A

Ancona

219
Q

Describe the soils of Chianti Classico?

A

Galestro (soft marl-like soil), Alberese (sandstone), clay, schist, and sand

220
Q

Where in Italy might you find the Trebbiano Clone known as “Trebbiano Spoletino”? How is it trained? Name a producer who makes a wine in an homage to this grape and training method.

A

Trebbiano Spoletino is found in Umbria and is trained so that the fruit hangs high above the ground. Paolo Bea makes a wine called “Arboreus” from this clone in this style

221
Q

Who makes Massetto? What was the first vintage? What is the cepage?

A

Ornellaia; 100% Merlot; 1986 (Massetto is the name of the vineyard in Bolgheri)

222
Q

What are the cepage requirements of Etna Bianco, Rosato, and Rosso?

A

Bianco – Min. 60% Carricante, max. 40% Cataratto

Rosato and Rosso – Min. 80% Nerello Mascalese, max. 20% Nerello Cappuccio

223
Q

Where is Sergio Manetti the proprietor?

A

Montevertine

224
Q

What are the cepage requirements of Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva and Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCGs?

A

At least 85% Verdicchio with 15% non-aromatic grapes authorized for production in Ancona and Macerata.

225
Q

Name the four original villages of Chianti Classico, clockwise, starting from the northernmost.

A

Greve, Radda, Gaiole, Castellina

226
Q

What DOC and its subzone Suvereto were both elevated to separate DOCG status in 2011?

A

Rosso della Val di Cornia DOCG

227
Q

What are the worst vintages of the 1990s for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

1991, 1992, and 1996

228
Q

Where is the DOC Cacc’e mmitte di Lucera and what are the styles/grapes?

A

Puglia; Rosso secco from primarily Uva di Troia with Montepulciano, Sangiovese, and/or Malvasia Nera di Brindisi supporting

229
Q

Name three bottlings of Pantelleria DOC?

A

Donnafugata “Ben Rye”
Marco de Bartoli “Bukkuram”
Benanti

230
Q

Name 5 producers based in Bolgheri.

A

Le Macchiole, Tenuta San Guido, Banfi, Ornellaia, Grattamacco, Ca’Marcanda, Guado al Tasso

231
Q

When was the last eruption on Mt. Etna?

A

1947

232
Q

What is the only white wine DOCG in Tuscany?

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano

233
Q

What are the aging requirements for Sagrantino di Montefalco Secco?

A

Minimum 30 months from December 1 of the harvest year, including at least 12 months in wood

234
Q

What is the name of Paolo Bea’s premier cuvee?

A

“Pagliaro,” Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG

235
Q

Who makes “Magari”? From where and what is it?

A

Gaja, Ca’Marcanda. Both terre brune (dark loam/clay) and terre blanche (stone/pepples); Merlot/Cab/Cab Franc

236
Q

In what commune of Chianti Classico are Castello di Monsanto and Isole e Olena based?

A

Barberino Val d’Elsa

237
Q

Who makes Le Serre Nuove? What was the first vintage? What is the cepage?

A

Ornellaia’s second wine; Cab/Cab Franc/Merlot/PV; 1997

238
Q

Describe some of the notable Tuscan vintages from 1995 to present.

A

95, 96, 97 – string of excellent vintages
98 – rainy, harder, okay for Brunello
00, 02, 05 – the most problematic vintages of the decade
04, 06 – excellent, concentrated wines

239
Q

What is the difference between Chianti Riserva and Chianti Superiore?

A

Both require 12% min. alcohol (vs. the 11.5% required by regular Chianti).

Chianti Superiore may not be released until September 1 of the year following the harvest and requires lower yields (7.5 tons/ha vs. 8 tons/ha for subzones and 9 tons/ha for Chianti Normale).

Chianti Riserva requires a minimum 2 years aging from January 1 of the year following harvest.

240
Q

Why do some propose Montepulciano as an ideal blending partner for Sangiovese?

A

It provides color and richness without overtaking aromatically as Syrah, Merlot, and Cab can.

241
Q

What is the most cultivated red grape in Puglia?

A

Negroamaro

242
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Val di Cornia Rosso DOCG?

A

Min. 40% Sangiovese
Max. 60% combined Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon
Max. 20% other red grapes (except Aleatico) suitable for cultivation in Toscana

243
Q

Where is the Frascati DOC and what is the primary grape?

A

Lazio; Malvasia

244
Q

Where is the Rosso Piceno DOC? What wines are made there?

A

Marche; Sangiovese and Montepulciano blends

245
Q

Name 4 wines made by Ornellaia and the appellation on the label.

A

Ornellaia - Bolgheri Superiore DOC
Serre Nuove - Bolgheri DOC
Le Volta - Toscana IGT
Massetto - Toscana IGT

246
Q

Name two producers of Morellino di Scansano DOCG.

A

La Mozza, Fattoria Le Pupille

247
Q

Who imports Tenuta San Guido into the US?

A

Kobrand

248
Q

Where is the Sannio DOC and what style of wine is produced there?

A

Campania; Dry and sweet passito wines from Falanghina

249
Q

Where is Faro and what are the three mandated grapes in the blend?

A

Faro is a DOC in the commune of Messina in northeastern Sicily. It is for red wine only, primarily from Nerello Mascalese (45-60%), but Nerello Cappuccio (15-30%) and Nocera (5-10%) are required as well.

250
Q

What is the Alicante of Tuscany?

A

Grenache! Frequently used as a blending partner in Morellino di Scansano.

251
Q

What winery did Piero Palmucci establish in 1989? Who did he sell it to in 2011?

A

Poggio di Sotto; sold to Claudio Tipa of Collemassari and Grattamacco in 2011

252
Q

Who makes Pietramarina, Rovittello, and Serra della Contessa? What appellation is on the labels?

A

Benanti; Etna Bianco (Pietramarina) and Etna Rosso

253
Q

What DOC would you find in the Esino River Valley?

A

Verdicchio di Matelica (Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG)

254
Q

What is the only DOCG of Abruzzo?

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane

255
Q

Where would you find the vineyard site Guardiola?

A

Etna DOC

256
Q

What is the appellation of Guidalberto?

A

Toscana IGT

257
Q

Who makes Flaccionello della Pieve? What’s the appellation and the cepage? What was the first vintage?

A

Fontodi; Colli Toscana Centrale IGT; 100% Sangiovese; 1981

258
Q

What is vin santo typically aged in?

A

Traditionally, chestnut caratelli (50L), but now chestnut or neutral oak of 50L-500L (max.)

259
Q

Where does Palari make wine?

A

Faro DOC, Sicily

260
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Bolgheri Rosso DOC?

A

0-100% Cab, Merlot, or Cab Franc
Max. 50% Syrah
Max. 50% Sangiovese
Max. 30% other grapes

261
Q

Where is Salice Salentino DOC? What is the main grape of Rosso and Bianco, respectively, and what other styles of wine can be made?

A

Puglia
Rosso – Negroamaro
Bianco – Chardonnay
Almost all styles made – Spumate, Dolce, Varietal wines, etc.

262
Q

What are the cepage and aging requirements for Conero Rosso Riserva DOCG?

A

Min. 85% Montepulciano, max. 15% Sangiovese; 2 years of maturation before release.

263
Q

What is mezzadria and how does it relate to the development of fine wine production in Italy?

A

Mezzadria is sharecropping; wasn’t outlawed until the 1950s and crippled Italy’s ability to produce quality wine.

264
Q

Name threeproducers of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Avignonesi, Il Macchione, Boscarelli

265
Q

What province is the Brunello di Montalcino DOCG in?

A

Siena

266
Q

Where is Ischia and what are the primary grapes?

A

An island in the Bay of Naples (Campania)
White – Biancolella and Forestera
Red – Guarrnaccia and Piedirosso

267
Q

What are the traditional grapes of Vin Santo? What other grape is sometimes authorized?

A

Malvasia, Trebbiano; Grechetto

268
Q

Who produced the first Brunello di Montalcino? What are the aging requirements?

A

Biondi-Santi produced the first Brunello in 1865. Brunello must be aged for a min. 2years in wood and 4 months in bottle. The wine may not be released until January 1st of the 5th year following harvest. Riserva While riserva requires an additional 2 months in bottle and may not be released until January 1st of the 6th year following harvest.

269
Q

What is the DOCG of Bascilicata? What are its requirements?

A

Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG; min. 13.5% ABV and three years of aging (1 in wood); Superiore Riserva requireds 5 years of aging, with 2 in wood

270
Q

What Super Tuscan DOC shares the same territory as Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Sant’Antimo

271
Q

Who makes Cepparello? What is the cepage? When was the first vintage? Who is the proprietor?

A

Isole e Olena; 100% Sangiovese;1980; Paolo de Marchi

272
Q

What styles of wine are made in the Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG?

A

Secco and Passito

273
Q

What are the cepage/aging/ABV requirements for Morellino di Scansano Rosso and Riserva?

A

Min. 85% Sangiovese (Morellino); 12.5%/13%; Riserva must age 2 years

274
Q

What are the aging requirements for Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG?

A

3 years (from 1/1) including 12 in wood

275
Q

Where is the Greco di Bianco DOC, and what style of wine is made there?

A

Calabria; sweet wines

276
Q

In what region of Italy would you find the native grape Susumaniello?

A

Puglia, in the Brindisi and Squizano DOCs

277
Q

What is the only white wine in Tuscany to enjoy DOCG status?

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano a crisp, pink grapefruit-tinged white wine produced on sandy, rock-strewn soils around the hilltop town of San Gimignano in the Siena province.

278
Q

Name four factors that might distinguish modernist and traditionalist producers of Brunello di Montalcino.

A
  • barrique usage
  • extraction
  • clonal selection
  • single vineyard bottlings
279
Q

Where is the DOC of Cagliari and what other DOCs did it absorb in 2011?

A

Sardegna; Moscato di Cagliari, Monica di Cagliari, and Malvasia di Cagliari. Vermentino is also made varietally.

280
Q

What province does the Chianti Classico DOCG lie in?

A

Siena & Firenze

281
Q

Compare Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva and Castello di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva?

A

Jesi - coastal, 3000 ha, fuller, rounder character

Matelica – inland, high altitude, 300 ha, sharper character

282
Q

What DOC can red wines made in Orvieto be released as?

A

Lago di Corbara DOC

283
Q

Who makes Chianti Classico “Il Poggio”?

A

Castello di Monsanto

284
Q

What is the primary province of Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG? What other province is it in? What is the primary province of Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva

A

Ancona is the primary province of Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva, with a small part in Macerata. Macerate is the primary province of Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva, with a small part in Ancona.

285
Q

What is the Brunello clone of Sangiovese?

A

Sangiovese grosso

286
Q

What country historically does Sardinia derive much of its viticulture from?

A

Spain; Aragon ruled Sardinia until the early 1700s

287
Q

What DOCG allows for Aglianico Rosato?

A

Aglianico del Taburno DOCG in Campania

288
Q

In general, what would you expect in terms of added requirements for a “Riserva” wine vs. a “Superiore” wine?

A

In general, Riserva denotes extended barrel aging, while Superiore denotes higher min. ABV and lower yields (riper grapes).

289
Q

What DOCG of Puglia is devoted entirely to rosato wines?

A

Castel del Monte Bombino Nero

290
Q

What are the four original communes of Chianti Classico? What are the other 5 communes? What provinces do they fall in?

A

Radda, Greve, Gaiole, Castellina; Castelnuovo Berardenga, Poggibonsi, Baberino Val d’Elsa, Tavarnelle Val di Pesa, San Casciano Val di Pesa

Siena: Radda in Chianti, Gaiole in Chianti, Castellina in Chianti, Castelnuovo Berardenga, Poggibonsi
Firenze: Greve in Chianti, Barberino Val d’Elsa, San Casciano Val di Pesa, Tavernelle Val di Pesa

291
Q

What are the aging requirements for Chianti Classico Riserva? What is the minimum alcohol?

A

24 months from 1/1 of year after harvest (3 months in bottle); 12.5% (vs. 12% for normale)

292
Q

Name three producers of Fiano di Avellino DOCG.

A

Guido Marsella, Ciro Picariello, Villa Diamante, Colli di Lapio, Feudi di San Gregorio, Quintodecimo, Mastroberardino

293
Q

In what year did it become illegal to use white grapes in Chianti Classico DOCG wines? What white grapes were used prior to that? Is it still legal to use white grapes in Chianti DOCG and in what amounts?

A

Trebbiano Toscano, Malvasia; 2006

Yes, up to 10%

294
Q

What are the names of the two different vineyards on Soldera’s estate?

A

Case Basse and Intistieti

295
Q

Where, specifically, is Bucci a producer?

A

Castello di Jesi, Marche

296
Q

Who makes Le Difese? What is the cepage?

A

Tenuta San Guido - 70% Cab/30% Sangiovese

297
Q

What styles of wine may be made in Etna DOC?

A

Bianco/Bianco Superiore
Rosato
Rosso/Rosso Riserva
Spumante (rosato or bianco)

298
Q

Orvieto DOC spans which 2 wine regions? Which grapes are permitted?

A

Lazio and Umbria; Min. 60% Trebbiano Toscana (Procanico) and Grechetto

299
Q

What is the sole DOCG of Sardinia?

A

Vermentino di Gallura

300
Q

Where would you find the Sannio DOC?

A

Campania

301
Q

Where is the Pomino DOC and who are the only producers? How are the regulations different than the surrounding region?

A

Within Rufina; Frescobaldi and Fattoria Selvapiana; higher % of international grapes allowed – min. 50% Sangiovese w/ Pinot Noir and Merlot (max. 50% combined). Varietal wines, white, red, and vin santo also made.

302
Q

Where is Montevergine?

A

Campania; overlooks Fiano di Avellino DOCG and creates a rainshadow effect.

303
Q

What Bolgheri estate was founded by Lodovico Antinori?

A

Ornellaia

304
Q

What are rosato wines made in Abruzzo called?

A

Cerasuolo (“cherry red”)

305
Q

Emidio Pepe’s grapes come from the Colline Teramane region of Abruzzo. Why doesn’t he use the DOCG?

A

It states that wines must be aged in oak for at least 12 months, and he uses all concrete.

306
Q

What province is Brunello di Montalcino in?

A

Siena

307
Q

What province is Vino Nobile di Montepulciano in?

A

Siena

308
Q

Name three producers based in Radda?

A

Castello di Volpaia, Istine, Monteraponi, Montevertine, Val delle Corti

309
Q

True or false the grape requirements used for Rosso di Montepulciano DOC are identical to the Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Its true. Sangiovese, minimum 70% (may be joined up to 30% by other varieties authorized for the Tuscany Region).

310
Q

Where is Irpina?

A

Campania, in the province of Avellino

311
Q

Where is the Salice Salentino DOC, and what is the primary grape?

A

Puglia; Negroamaro

312
Q

Where is the Calore River?

A

Campania, Taurasi DOCG

313
Q

What are the aging requirements and min. alcohol for Suvereto DOCG Riserva?

A

Cannot be released until 1/1 of the 3rd year following harvest, min. 18 months in oak, 6 months in bottle. 13% ABV (vs. 12.5% for normale)

314
Q

What are the four DOCGs of Campania?

A

Taurasi, Aglianico del Taburno, Greco di Tufo, Fiano di Avellino

315
Q

Who makes Maestro Raro? What is the appellation/cepage?

A

Felsina; IGT Toscana; 100% Cab; first vintage 1987

316
Q

When was the DOC system first introduced?

A

1963

317
Q

What are the cepage requirements for Trebbiano d’Abruzzo DOC?

A

Min. 85% Bombino Bianco, Trebbiano Toscano, and/or Trebbiano Abruzzese

318
Q

What is the province of Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG?

A

Perugia

319
Q

Describe the climate, soil, and situation of Etna DOC.

A
  • elevations of 400-1000m
  • huge diurnal swing, sometimes 30’C
  • volcanic soil, with sandstone and silt
  • arc of DOC has exposures that are full south, full north, and everything in between
  • high average rainfall
  • protected by Nebrodi Mountains, north of Mt. Etna, that block some of the rain and wind
320
Q

Who makes Fontalloro? What’s the cepage/where’s it from?

A

Felsina; IGT Toscana (from Chianti Classico & Colli Senesi); 100% Sangiovese; first vintage 1983

321
Q

What is Sangiovese known as in Montepulciano?

A

Prugnolo Gentile

322
Q

What’s the difference between Frascati DOC and Frascati Superiore DOCG?

A

DOCG requires 12% alcohol; DOCG Riserva requires 13% alcohol, as well as at least one year aging. Same cepage requirements.

323
Q

What sea borders Tuscany?

A

Tyrrhenian Sea

324
Q

Name two crus of Greve in Chianti?

A

Panzano, Lamole

325
Q

What are the 11 DOCGs of Tuscany?

A 
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG 
Carmignano DOCG 
Chianti DOCG 
Chianti Classico DOCG 
Elba Aleatico Passito (Aleatico Passito dell'Elba) DOCG 
Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG
Morellino di Scansano DOCG 
Rosso della Val di Cornia (Val di Cornia Rosso) DOCG
Suvereto DOCG
Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG 
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
326
Q

When did Gaja acquire its Tuscan estate, and what is it called?

A

1996; Ca’Marcanda

327
Q

Who was the first proprietor of Tenuta San Guido?

A

Marquis (marchese) Mario Incisa della Rocchetta

328
Q

Where would you find the white grape Semidano?

A

Sardegna; Sardegna Semidano DOC covers the entire island

329
Q

What grape is also known as Pér e palummo?

A

Piedirosso

330
Q

When was the Bolgheri DOC established, and for what styles of wine was it originally intended?

A

1983, for bianco and rosato only until 1994!

331
Q

What province is Morellino di Scansano DOCG and Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG in?

A

Grosseto

332
Q

Who makes Le Volte? What is the cepage?

A

Ornellaia; Sangiovese, Merlot & Cab

333
Q

What styles of wine are made in the Greco di Tufo DOCG?

A

Bianco and (metodo classico) Spumante

334
Q

Where is the Irpinia DOC, and what are the primary grapes?

A

Campania
Bianco – 40-50% each of Greco and Fiano
Rosso – min. 70% Aglianico
Varietal wines also made

335
Q

Who makes Intistieti and what is it?

A

Intistieti is one of the vineyards on Soldera’s estate. He has come to use the name, though, not to reflect vineyard origin but to denote a wine that spends less time in barrel. Intistieti was made in 1985, 1987, 1988, 1991, and 1992. Labeled as Vino da Tavola.

336
Q

What is the primary soil type of Bolgheri?

A

Layers of sand, clay, and gravel.

337
Q

What was the first DOCG in Italy?

A

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, 1980 (along with Brunello di Montalcino and Barolo)

338
Q

What towns bookend Chianti on the north, south, east, and west?

A

North – Firenze
South – Siena
East – Gaiole
West – Poggibonsi

339
Q

Where do Oasi degli Angeli and Dino Illuminati make wine?

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane

340
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG?

A

13%

341
Q

What are the main differences between Vin Santo del Chianti DOC and Vin Santo del Chianti Classico DOC?

A

Chianti DOC – has a Riserva designation, min. 70% Trebbiano Toscano and/or Malvasia; Occhio di Pernice is min. 50% Sangiovese

Chianti Classico DOC – no Riserva designation, min. 60% Trebbiano Toscana; Occhio di Pernice is min. 80% Sangiovese. Higher potential alcohol and lower acquired.

342
Q

Who is the proprietor of Isole e Olena, and where is it based?

A

Paolo de Marchi; Barberino Val d’Elsa in Chianti Classico

343
Q

What DOCGs of Tuscany allow or require the use of white grapes?

A

Chianti, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, Vernaccia di San Gimignano

344
Q

Where would you find the fraziones Montefioralle and Ruffoli?

A

Greve in Chianti

345
Q

What qualities is Colorino said to impart to a Sangiovese-based blend?

A

Color!

346
Q

Name three synonyms for Trebbiano di Toscana.

A

Passerina – Marche
Procanico – Umbria
Ugni Blanc – France

347
Q

Where is the Aversa DOC and what is the primary grape?

A

Campania; Aspirinio (Bianco and Spumante)

348
Q

What has historically been the most important blending grape for Sangiovese?

A

Canaiolo; lightens and softens Sangiovese

349
Q

What is Sangiovese called in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano and how much of it is required by law in the blend?

A

It is called “Prugnolo Gentile” at Montepulciano with a minimum 70% (may be joined up to 30% by other allowable Tuscan varieties.)

350
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rosso di Montalcino DOC?

A

Min. 1 year before release (no oak required)

351
Q

How long must Etna Rosso Riserva be aged for?

A

4 years with at least 12 months in wood

352
Q

What contributions can be said to have been made by the Biondi-Santi family to the development of modern Brunello?

A

100% Sangiovese aged in large oak barrels for an extended period

353
Q

What are the best vintages of the 90s for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

1990, 1995, 1997

354
Q

Where is Vernaccia a red grape?

A

Marche; Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG

355
Q

Where is Tua Rita based?

A

Suvereto

356
Q

Where is the conca d’oro?

A

Greve in Chianti Classico – “golden shell” – amphitheater of ideal southern facing slopes

357
Q

What is Falernian? What is its modern equivalent?

A

A historic wine praised in ancient texts, made from Greco or Aglianico, in northern Campania, at the base of Mt. Falernus, near the border of Campania and Lazio.

In modern days, there is a Falerno di Massico DOC that produces whites from Falanghina and reds from Aglianico and Primitivo.

358
Q

What climate does Sangiovese thrive in?

A

Sangiovese thrives where Mediterranean meets Continental; too warm (i.e. Maremma), and it’s flabby and soft; too cold (Montepulciano), it’s astringent and tough.

359
Q

Who makes Redigaffi? What is the cepage? When was the first vintage?

A

Tua Rita; 100% Merlot; 1994

360
Q

Where is Ischia and what grapes are most prominent there?

A

An island in the Bay of Naples and a DOC of Campania; Forastera & Biancolella are the primary white grapes, Piedirosso & Guarnaccia, the primary reds

361
Q

In what region is the Prugnolo Gentile clone of Sangiovese grown?

A

Montepulciano, Tuscany

362
Q

When did Soldera start labeling his wines as Toscana IGT?

A

Soldera resigned from the Consorzio in 2013. He had already released half of his 2006 vintage as Brunello, but released the other half as Toscana IGT. Each subsequent vintage (up to current, 2009) has been Toscana IGT.

363
Q

What is Brunellopoli?

A

The press’s name for the Brunello scandal that broke in 2008 surrounding the 2003 vintage, where several large producers were accused of incorporating other grapes besides Sangiovese into their Brunello.

364
Q

Who makes Saffredi? What is the appellation, cepage, and first vintage?

A

Fattoria Le Pupille, IGT Maremma Toscana, Cab S., Merlot, and Alicante, 1987

365
Q

Where would you find the communes Summonte, Montefredane and Lapio?

A

Fiano di Avellino DOCG

366
Q

Compare the soils of Greve to Radda.

A

Greve is dominated by clay and limestone, with Radda having more light and sandy soils with less clay

367
Q

Who makes “Scrio”? What does the name mean and what is the cepage?

A

Le Macchiole; “the prodigal son”; 100% Syrah

368
Q

What is the grape of Terre di Offida DOC?

A

Passerina

369
Q

Where would you find a DOC for the Biancame grape?

A

Biachello del Metauro DOC in the Marche

370
Q

Where is the Campi Flegrei DOC and what are the primary grapes?

A

Campania; Falanghina for whites and Piedirosso for reds.

371
Q

Where is the Lacrima di Morro d’Alba DOC located?

A

Marche

372
Q

What is the main grape for Etna Rosso and Bianco DOC wines?

A

Nerello Mascalese, Carricante

373
Q

Who makes Madonna del Piano?

A

Valdicava; their single vineyard BdM

374
Q

What style of wine is made in the Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo DOC?

A

Rosato, min. 85% Montepulciano

375
Q

Describe the 2013 vintage in Brunello.

A

Less hot and dry than 2011 and 2012, should produce more elegant, structured, long-lived wines (though many producers harvested too late).

376
Q

Where is Poggio Civitella?

A

The highest point in Brunello di Montalcino.

MS (21 decks)

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