Greece

Question 1

This wine is technically an aromatized wine like vermouth and not a true wine. It has links back to classical times

Answer 1

Retsina

Question 2

What I added to Restina when it is being sealed in clay amphorae (like in ancient times)

Answer 2

when wine was transported in pottery amphorae that needed to be sealed. The seal, made with a mixture of
plaster and resin, excluded air and enabled the wine to keep better. This seal lent a slight flavor to the wine and
it came to be believed that this was the reason the wine lasted. This led to the practice of adding resin to
“keep” wine.
Resin is added to the must during fermentation these days, rather than after.

Question 3

Who created the first wine laws of Greece in 1971, 1972?

Answer 3

members of the Wine Institute, a

department of the Ministry of Agriculture

Question 4

Who maintains current Greecian wine law?

Answer 4

The program is currently administered by KEPO, the Central

Committee for the Protection of Wine Production, a branch of the same ministry

Question 5

What factors go into the quality designation of Greek wine?

Answer 5

These include: the suitability, pedigree and historical
role of grape varieties; soil composition; vineyard elevation; yield per stremma; sugar levels, the effect of oenological practices such as barrel aging and any additional factors likely
to affect the quality of wine within regions under consideration.

Question 6

What size is one stremma?

Answer 6

(1 stremma=1/10th of a

hectare)

Question 7

What does PDO stand for?

Answer 7

Protection Designation of Origin (there are two levels in PDO)

Question 8

What are the two quality levels under the PDO designation?

Answer 8

O.P.A.P. / AOSQ (Appellation of Superior Quality)
O.P.A.P. (Onomasía Proeléfseos Anotéras Piótitos) is equivalent to ‘Appellation of Origin of Superior Quality
And
OPE equivalent to ‘Controlled Appellation of Origin

Question 9

What are the O.P.A.P Appelations?

Answer 9

Náoussa, Neméa, Páros, Pátras, Santorini,

Question 10

What are the OPE appelations?

Answer 10

OPE Appellations: Mavrodáfni of Kefaloniá, Mavrodáfni of Pátra, Muscat of Cephalonía, Muscat of Lemnos,
Muscat of Rhodes, Muscat of Patra, Muscat of Rio of Patra, Muscat of Samos

Question 11

What kind of wines are made in the OPE quality designation?

Answer 11

There are currently 8 qualified regions or products, all of them traditional sweet wines (including
Samos), made from the Muscat and Mavrodaphne only. Each bottle bears a blue seal under the capsule.

Question 12

What are the requirements of The OPAP and OPE term for Reserve for whites

Answer 12

Reserve for white wines that are

aged for two years (spending a minimum of 6 months in barrel and 3 months in bottle)

Question 13

What are the aging requirements for reds in the OPE and OPAP?

Answer 13

red wines

that are aged for 2 years (spending 1 year in barrel and 6 months in bottle)

Question 14

What are the aging requirements for OPAP and

OPE grand reserve whites?

Answer 14

Grand reserve can be used
for white wines that age for 2 years or more (spending a minimum of one year in barrel and six months in
bottle

Question 15

What are the aging requirements for grand reserve reds in the OPE and OPAP?

Answer 15

red wines that are aged for 4 years (spending a minimum of 18 months in barrel and 18
months in bottle)

Question 16

What phrase indicates wines whose oak regimen goes beyond

the required minimums and can be applied to Reserve and Grand Reserve wines

Answer 16

Palaiomenos se Vareli

Question 17

These are referred to in other European nations as either “varietal
wines” or “table wines.

Answer 17

PGI Regions (Protected Geographical Indication)

Question 18

this category is the Greek

equivalent to the French Vins de pays.

Answer 18

Topikos Inos (“Varietal” wines)

Question 19

what is the word for Domaine or Estate in Greece?

Answer 19

Ktima

Question 20

What is Chateau in Greece?

Answer 20

Archondiko

Question 21

This is equivalent to the French Vin de Table

Answer 21

Epitrapezios Inos (Table wine)

So many outstanding products began appearing as
‘Table wine’ during the last decade that this designation has
nearly become a mark of superior quality.

Question 22

Producers of Table wine have the option to use the this term (rough translation: cellared) which in Greece is a
qualitative association

Answer 22

Kava

Question 23

What are the northern wine regions PDOs of Greece and what grape are they associated with?

Answer 23

Macedonia
Amynteo PDO: reds from Xynomavro
Slopes of Meliton PDO: Cabernet Franc, Cab Sauv Whites from Athiri (ah-thee-ree) 50%, Assyrtiko 15% and Rhoditis 35%
Goumenissa PDO: reds from Xynómavro, Negoska
Naoussa PDO: reds from Xynómavro

Question 24

What are the PDOs of Central Greece?

Answer 24

Zitsa PDO- Sparkling from the Debina grape
Rapsani PDO- reds from Xinomavro, Krassato, Stavroto
Ankialos PDO - dry white from Rhoditis and Savatiano
Messenikola PDO –Red wines only

Question 25

What are the PDOs of Southern Peninsula Greece?

Answer 25

Mantinia PDO: Whites from Moschophilero grape
Nemea PDO: Reds from Agiorgitiko
Patras PDO: Dry White from Rhoditis grapes
Mavrodaphne of Patras OPE: fortified red wine
Monemvassia-Malvasia OPE: fortified white wines
Muscat of Patras OPE: Fortified muscat
Muscat of Rio of Patras OPE: Fortified Muscat

Question 26

Where are the Ionian Islands located?

Answer 26

the four Ionian islands off the west coast of Greece

Question 27

What is the only PDO of the Ionian Islands?

Answer 27

Robola of Kefalonia PDO encompasses dry white wines produced from Robola

Question 28

What is the famous sweet wine from the Aegean Islands?

Answer 28

Muscat of Samos PDO: One of the great sweet wines of the world

Question 29

What grape is used for Muscat of Samos PDO?

Answer 29

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains , which is local called Moscato Aspro

Question 30

What Aegean PDO are white wines produced using unfortified Muscat that may be made in dry, off-dry, and semi-
sweet styles, which is rarely seen off the island?

Answer 30

Lemnos PDO

Question 31

What is the famous PDO of The Cyclades Islands:

Answer 31

Santorini PDO: Incredible dry white wine from Assyrtiko with permitted Aidani Aspro and Athiri

Question 32

What grapes are allowed at The Paros PDO located in the Cyclades Islands?

Answer 32

Red- Mandilaria
and the dry white is 100% Monemvassia

Paros is the only Greek appellation that mandates use of a white grape
(Monemvassia) in red blends.

Question 33

Another PDO of the Cyclades Islands, Naturally sweet (Sun Dried) and fortified wines from minimum 85% Monemvasia plus up to
15% Assyrtiko

Answer 33

Malvasia Paros PDO:

Question 34

The furthest south of the Greek islands is also the largest island, accounting for 20% of Greek wine
production

Answer 34

Crete

Question 35

What are the 7 PDOs of Crete? What grapes are used?

Answer 35

Archanes PDO: Dry reds from Kotsifáli and Mandelaria.
Dafnes PDO: Dry or sweet red made from Liátiko 100%.
Peza PDO: Dry reds made from Kotsifali and Mandelaria, dry whites from Vilána 100%.
Sitia PDO: Dry or sweet red from Liátiko 80% and Mandelaria 20%; dry white from Vilána, min. 70%.
Candia PDO, Malvasia Candia PDO, and Malvasia Sitia PDO

Question 36

What is the most widely planted grape in Crete?

Answer 36

Vilana, is the

most widely planted grape on the island of Crete making dry white wines in the appellations of Sitia and Peza

Question 37

What are the 6 main white grapes of Greece and where are they used?

Answer 37

1. Assyrtiko, an acidic grape found mainly, and most famously, on the island of Santorini, aka Thira.
2. Rhoditis, a pink-skinned variety, best known for dry white wines from Patras in the Peloponnese,
3. Savatiano is a relatively low acid grape variety and is planted largely in central Greece Savatiano is the basic grape for retsina because of its
   ability to maintain relative varietal character when resinated.
4. the grey skinned and aromatic Moschofilero, which is the principle grape of the appellation Mantinia in
   Peloponnese.
5. Robola (unrelated to Ribolla of Friuli) from the Ionian Island of Cephalonia
6. Vilana, in Crete

Question 38

What are the 5 main grapes of Greece and where they are located?

Answer 38

1. Agiorgitiko, or St George, which produces the wines of Nemea. 2. Limnio is an ancient variety originally from Lemnos, but now growing successfully in Halkidiki in northern Greece
2. Xynomavro, native to northern Greece.
3. Mandilaria is widely planted on the islands, giving wine of enormous color but light in body,
4. Mavrodaphne, found mainly around Patras, makes a fortified red wine of considerable character.