grave Flashcards
mental processes exist because they serve an evolutionarily purpose, they aid in survival and reproduction
Evolutionary
Brain applies what it knows and expects to perceive sensory information
Top down processing
with Weber, founder of psycho physics who studied the relations between physical changes and perceived changes in stimuli
Gustav Fechner
The influence of genetics and brain chemistry (physical and biological processes)
Biological
Demonstrated how specialized cells in the brain respond to visual information
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
The study of relationship between physical energy and psychological experiences
Psychophysics
Is the process by which sensory receptors receive information from the environment
Sensation
Is the process of converting physical energy into electrical signals
transduction
founder of psychophysics who investigated the just noticeable difference and proposed ___’ law
Ernst Weber
The process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensations, enabling you to recognize meaningful objects and events
perception
Build up from the smallest pieces of sensory information
Bottom up processing
colored muscle surrounding the pupil that regulates the size of the pupil opening
Iris
light sensitive surface in the back of the eye containing rods and cones
Retina
structure behind the pupil that changes shape to focus on near or far objects by adjusting how light hits the retina
Lens
small adjustable opening in the iris that is smaller in bright light and larger in darkness
Pupil
The point where you notice that a stimulus is present. The minimal stimulation required for a particular stimulus to be detected 50% of the time
Absolute threshold
transparent, curved layer in the front of the eye that bends incoming light rays
cornea
maintains that minimum threshold varies with fatigue, attention, expectations, motivation, emotional distress, and from one person to another
Signal detection theory
vision at higher light levels and capable of color vision
cones
The size of the JND is directly proportional to the strength of the original stimulus
Weber’s law
Simultaneously analyzing different elements of sensory information
Parallel processing
The point where you can detect the difference between stimuli
Just Noticeable Difference (JND)
The smallest change in stimulation that a person can detect 50% of the time
Difference threshold
images that remains visible after viewing an object. A negative after image reverse the colors in the original image
Afterimages
specialized nerve cells in the visual cortex respond to particular elements like shape, movement, edges, and angles
Feature detectors
The retina has receptors for three opposing pairs of colors: white-black, red-green, and yellow-blue
Opponent processing theory