grammer Flashcards
affirmative
an affarmative answer or action means ‘yes’ or show agreement.
Example:Untill now,however,the court has not reconsidered the workplace rules on affirmative action.
contraction
a shorter form of a word or words
Example:’Haven’t’ is a contraction of ‘have not’
proverb
a short well-known statement that gives advice or expresses sth that is generally true.
at all
used in negative statements and questions to emphasize what you are saying
1. They’ve done nothing at all to try and put the problem right.
2. Has the situation improved at all?
snow
snowing
open
opening
visit
visiting
listen
listening
happen
happening
shop
shopping
shopped
throw
(past tense threw /θruː/, past participle thrown
grow
verb (past tense grew /ɡruː/, past participle grown)
actual
/ˈæktʃuəl/ adjective [only before noun]
used to emphasize that something is real or exact
1.The actual amount of water needed by the crop depends on the weather conditions.
2. I know Germany won, but I can’t tell you the actual score.
actually
(adv)1. spoken used to add new information to what you have just said, to give your opinion, or to start a new conversation
1. 1. I’ve known Barbara for years. Since we were babies, actually.
2.used to emphasize the real or exact truth of a situation, rather than what people may think
2.1. What time are you actually leaving?
taught
the past tense and past participle of teach
written
the past participle of write
shake
verb (past tense shook /ʃʊk/, past participle shaken /ˈʃeɪkən/)
stick
verb (past tense and past participle stuck /stʌk/)
multi-
/mʌltaɪ/ prefix
in nouns and adjectives)
more than one; many
multivitamin
/ˌmʌltaɪˈvaɪtəmɪn/
a tablet or medicine containing several vitamins
multitask
/ˌmʌltiˈtæsk/
verb
past simple and p.p.= multitasked
-ing form =multitasking
semi-
/semaɪ/ prefix
(in adjectives and nouns)
half; partly
semicolon
/ˈsemaɪkəʊlən/ (n)
the mark ( ; ) used to separate the parts of a complicated sentence or items in a detailed list, showing a break that is longer than a comma but shorter than a full stop
1.The items are separated by semicolons.
semi-automatic
/ˌsemi ɔːtəˈmætɪk/
adj
*(of a gun) able to load bullets itself, and therefore very quickly, but not able to fire itself
1.a semi-automatic rifle
anti-
prefix /æntaɪ/
in nouns and adjectives
opposed to; against
1.antisocial (adjective) /ˌæntaɪˈsəʊʃl/
2.anti-tank weapons /ˌæntaɪ ˈtæŋk/
3. antivirus (adj) /ˈæntaɪvaɪrəs/
help
help somebody (to) do something
.1.The plan was intended to help development in rural areas.
2. She helped him choose some new clothes.
3. She was coming to help clean the machines.
4.Her uncle said he would help her to find a job.
5.The union thus helps people develop a greater sense of money management.
6.The latest report should help us to evaluate the true benefits of the program.
trust
trust somebody to do something
1. I didn’t trust myself not to say something rude, so I just kept quiet.
2. I trust him to make the right decision.
3.[ + (that) ] I trust (that) you slept well?
4.I trust you completely,’ he said.
5. He was a good driver and I trusted him implicitly.
make
make somebody something
1.She’s very good at making things from old scraps of material.
2.Anyone can make a mistake.
3.I suppose we should make a start on cleaning this room.
4.I like him because he makes me laugh.
5. My parents always make me do my homework before I go out.
6.He made no attempt to apologize.
7.I’ll make you some sandwiches.
*In written English, people often use cause somebody to do something rather than make somebody do something, as it sounds more formal:
His attitude caused him to be unpopular with colleagues.
let
verb (past tense and past participle let, present participle letting)
let somebody do something
1.Let Johnny have a go on the computer now.
2. Let me have a look at that letter.
3.I can let you have another £10, but no more.
4.Don’t let anyone know it was me who told you.
let somebody/something do something
5. Jenny let the note fall to the ground.
In written English, people often prefer to use allow somebody to do something rather than let somebody do something, as it is slightly more formal:
We must allow young people to develop independence.
U
uncountable
C
countable
PL
plural
inf
informal
f
formal
من آرزو داشتم که آخر داشته باشم
I hope to have a sister
causative/reasoning to
to که بابت دلیل انجام کاری میاد
1. I’m travelling to visit my family.
2. Why are you going shopping?
I’m going shopping to buy shoes.
3. I make a plan to complete my tasks this week.
past tense of “hide”
verb (past tense hid /hɪd/, past participle hidden /ˈhɪdn/)
the most important non-progressive verbs
some verbs are most often used in simple tense, not progressive , even if we mean “just now”
**believe/hate/hope/know/like/love/mean/need/
prefer/remember/seem/think(=’have an opinion’)/understand/want
1.Aysha seems unhappy.
2. I hate this music.
**Note also the expressions 3.It doesn’t matter(=It’s not important.)
4. There’s a problem .”I see(=I understand).”
I don’t mind
It dosen’t matter to me.
I hope so
امیدوارم
