Grammar Review - Genki 1 Lesson 8

Question 1

Short Forms - Present Tense - Affirmative

Translate and convert to short form present tense affirmative:
Read
Cute
Quiet
Student

Answer 1

Verbs and い-Adjectives just use the dictionary forms for short forms.
読む
かわいい

な-Adjectives and nouns just changes です for だ
静かだ
学生だ

Question 2

Short Forms - Present Tense - Negative

Translate and convert to short form present tense negative:
Read
Cute
Quiet
Student

Answer 2

Short form present tense negative う-verbs move towards an あ sound. Whereas る-verbs just replace ません with ない。
う-Verb:
読まない (You can see that み changed to ま in this conjugation)
う-Verb Exceptions:
する - しない
来る - こない
ある - ない

い, な, and noun+です in the negative just drops です
かわいくない
静かじゃない
学生じゃない

Question 3

Informal Speech

How is short form integrated into casual conversation?

Answer 3

1. Question sentences do not end with the か particle. Instead you will inflect up on the verb
2. だ ending of な-adjectives and noun+です is usually dropped, or followed by a sentence-final ね or よ.
3. In casual conversation, はい and いいえ, are usually replaced by うん and ううん.

Question 4

~と思います

Using ～と思ういます translate the following:
I think Tony likes Masumi.
I think it will rain tomorrow.

Answer 4

トニさんはますみさんがすきだと思います。
明日は雨が降ると思います。

Question 5

~と言っていました

Using ～と言っていました translate the following:
Masumi said that she had to go to work today.
Sue said that there would be an exam tomorrow.

Answer 5

ますみさんは、今日仕事が行くと言っていました。