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Spanish > Gramática de Irais III > Flashcards

Gramática de Irais III Flashcards

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1
Q

to perceive the smell of, to have scent

My dogs smell as if they were dead bodies

A

oler

Mis perros huelen como si fueran cuerpos muertos

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2
Q

To sniff, smell (animal)

My dogs sniff as if they had found a dead body

A

Olfatear

Mis perros olfatean como si hubieran encontrado un cuerpo muerto

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3
Q

to realize, notice

  • I do not realize that the shoelaces of my shoes are untied*
  • The husband forgot his wedding anniversary. He did not notice the calendar*
A

darse cuenta

  • No me doy cuenta que los cordones de mis zapatos están desatados*
  • El esposo olvidó el aniversario de la boda. No se dio cuenta en el calendario*
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4
Q

swamp

The field looks like a swamp after the rain

A

pantano

La cancha parece como un pantano después de la lluvia

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5
Q

more than

I like tortillas more than bread

A

más que

Me gustan las tortillas más que el pan

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6
Q

less than

I like bread less than tortillas

A

menos que

Me gusta el pan menos que las tortillas

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7
Q

to be unemployed

My friend is unemployed

A

andar sin empleo

Mi amiga anda sin empleo

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8
Q

To crack, split

A

partir (más común)

quebrar (menos común)

rajar, agrietar, cascar (nunca usan como un verbo)

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9
Q

a crack (noun)

There is a crack in the pavement from the earthquake

A

agrieta

Hay una agrieta en el pavimiento desde el terremoto

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10
Q

process, procedure (business, governmental)

The process to travel to Mexico is easier than to travel to Cuba

A

trámite

El trámite para viajar a México es más fácil que viajar a Cuba

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11
Q

chile pepper

(two options)

A

ají

chile pimiento

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12
Q

downpour

(heavy rain)

A

una tromba

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13
Q

teaching, teaching profession

(noun/sustantivo)

A

magisterio

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14
Q

formerly

My friend is formerly an engineer

A

otrora

Mi amigo es otrora un ingeniero

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15
Q

to snack,

eat a light meal around 5:00 to 6:00 PM

A

merendar

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16
Q

by dint/power of

By the power of studying every day I will learn Spanish

A

a fuerza de

A fuerza de estudiar aprederé español

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17
Q

in view of the fact that

In view of the fact that the teacher is sick there is no class today

A

en vista de que

En vista de que la maestra está enferma no hay clase hoy.

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18
Q

I am going to buy some fruit

A

Voy a comprar algo de fruta

“algo de” not “alga”

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19
Q

Housewife

A

Ama de casa

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20
Q

finished, done

A

¡Listo!

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21
Q

others, the others, the rest

  • The bus was ful therefore the rest could not get on.*
  • Who ate the rest of the cookies?*
A

los/las demás

  • El autob{us se llenó por eso los demás no pudieron subir.*
  • ¿Quién comió las demás galletas*
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22
Q

To be worth, to cost

The car is worth $100,000 MXN

A

valer

El coche vale $100,000 MXN

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23
Q

to assign value to, to appraise

  • The owner valued the car at $100,000 MXN*
  • I value your opinion, tell me your opinion*
A

valorar

  • El coche vale $100,000*
  • Yo valoro tu opinión. Dime tu opinión*
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24
Q

the Space Shuttle

A

El transbordador espacial

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25
Q

extremely (2 options)

To drive in the streets of DF is extremely dangerous

A

sumamente, extremadamente

  • Manejar en las calles de DF es sumamente peligroso*
  • Manejar en las calles de DF es extremadamente peligroso*
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26
Q

to feel pain, ache in a body part

After running the muscles in my legs hurt

A

Dolerse

Después de correr me duelen los músculos de las piernas

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27
Q

to inflict pain, hurt (2 options)

The drunk was hurt when he fell

A

lastimar, hacer daño

El borracho se lastimó cuando se cayó

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28
Q

to hurt someone emotionally (4 options)

Your words hurt me

A

dolerse, lastimarse, hacerse daño, herirse

  • Sus palabras me duelen*
  • Sus palabras me lastiman*
  • Sus palabras me hacen daño*
  • Sus palabras me hieren*
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29
Q

To injure someone with visible injury

  • The car injured the motorcyclist en the accident*
  • The soldier was injured in the battle*
A

herir

  • El coche hirió al motociclista en el accidente*
  • El soldado jue herido en la batalla*
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30
Q

Vacation Bible Camp

(2 options)

A

campamento Bíblico de vacaciones

campamento de vacaciones Bíblico

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31
Q

to shake uncontrollably

A

sacudir

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32
Q

to dust (Mexico)

A

sacudir

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33
Q

to shake controllably

  • You need to shake the botle of juice before you drink it*
  • The recipe says to mix the ingredients in a bag and shake completely*
A

agitar

  • Debe de agitar la botella de jugo antes de tomar*
  • La receta dice mezclar los ingredientes en una bolsa y agitar completamente*
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34
Q

to shake, shiver, shudder (due to a natural event)

  • In the winter it is cold and I shake a lot*
  • The building shook for 20 seconds due to the earthquake*
A

temblar

  • En el invierno hace frio y tiemblo mucho*
  • El edificio tembló por 20 segundos a causa del terremoto*
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35
Q

there is no turning back

A

no hay vuelta de hoja

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36
Q

profitable (2 options)

The restaurant is not profitable therefore it will close

A

rentable, redituable

  • El restaurante no está redituable por eso va a cerrar*
  • El restuarante no está rentable por eso va a cerrar*
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37
Q

political seat

The party won a majority of the seats in the election

A

curule

El partido ganó la mayoria de los curules de la elección

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38
Q

heart attack (2 options)

A

ataque al corazón

ataque cardiaco (medical term)

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39
Q

to be left over, to exceed

  • After the party I saw some cookies that were left over*
  • I have one extra green pen*
A

sobrar

  • Después de la fiesta yo vi algunas galletas que sobraron*
  • Me sobra una pluma verde*
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40
Q

Bingo

A

Bingo

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41
Q

it goes without saying

A

sobra decirlo

42
Q

there is more than enough time

A

sobra tiempo

43
Q

slice, wedge

A

gajo

44
Q

without a hitch

A

sin ningún contratiempo

45
Q

to bake (cake, bread, etc.)

A

hornear

46
Q

baker (person who bakes)

The baker baked four dozen cookies

A

panadero

El panadero horneó 4 docenas de galletas

47
Q

to draw lines

The worker lined the pavement of the street

A

rayar

El obrero rayó el pavimento de la calle

48
Q

to border on, on the verge of

At times the rules of Spanish border on crazy

A

rayar en

A veces las reglas del español rayan en lo loco

49
Q

Attached are my “dudas”

(3 options)

A

Adjuntos están mis dudas

Te/Le adjunto mis dudas

Aquí le envio mis dudas adjuntas

50
Q

to scratch, itch (with finger nails)

My dogs like it when I scratch their ears

A

rascar

A mis perros les gusta cuando les rasco sus orejas

51
Q

to scrape off, scratch , file (mechanical, object)

The red car scratched the paint of the blue car in the accident

A

raspar

El carro rojo raspó toda la pintura del carro azul en el accidente

52
Q

traffic intersection (3 options)

A

Cruce, Crucero, intersección

53
Q

dangerous intersection

A

cruce peligroso

crucero peligroso

intersección peligroso

54
Q

alphabet (a, b, c, . . . z)

(2 options)

A

alfabeto

abecedario

55
Q

to snort (animal)

to seethe (person)

  • The bull snorted before charging the matador*
  • The teacher seethed at the student*
A

bufar

  • El toro bufó antes de cargar al matador*
  • La maestra bufó al alumno*
56
Q

to pant, breath heavily

My dogs always breath heavily in the summer

A

respoplar

Mis perros siempre resoplan en el verano

57
Q

heavy breathing

(noun)

A

resoplido

(sustantivo)

58
Q

misdeed

The misdeeds of the governer are many

A

fechoría

Las fechorías del gobernador son muchas

59
Q

sacking, plundering, looting

The Conquistadors were guilty of the plundering of the indigenous people

A

saqueo

Los Conquistadores fueron culpable del saqueo a los indigenas

60
Q

to determne precisely, exactly

The engineer precisely determined the efficiency of the motor

A

precisar

El ingeniero percisó la eficiencia del motor

61
Q

knot

(rope, wood, stomach)

A

nudo

62
Q

node, junction

As in a network

El Centro is the node of the history of Querétaro

A

nudo

El centro es el nudo de la historia e Querétaro

63
Q

to originate from, to derive

  • The Conquistador Cortez originated in Cuba before arriving in Mexico*
  • Many rules of Spanish derive from Latin*
A

provenir

  • El conquistador Cortez provino de Cuba antes de llegar a México*
  • Tantas reglas de español provienen de latín*
64
Q

crack

The earthquake left a crack in the wall

A

grieta

El Terremoto dejó una grieta en la pared

65
Q

gap, breach

  • There is a technology gap between the students in the university and the indigenous people*
  • A gap between the mountains*
A

brecha

  • Hay una brecha tecnológica entre los alumnos en la universidad y las indigenas*
  • Brecha entre las montañas*
66
Q

Generation Gap

A

brecha generacional

67
Q

to endure, last

The pyramids in Mexico have endured for many centuries

A

perdurar

Las pirámidas en México had perdurado por muchos siglos

68
Q

to bear, put up with, tolerate

Dos opciones iguales

  • The Otomí language has tolerated the arrival of the Spainards, the evolution of the language and the passing of time.*
  • How many seconds can you hold your breath under water?*
A

aguantar, soportar

  • La lengua otomí ha soportado/aguantado la llegada de los españoles, la evolución del idioma y el paso del tiempo.*
  • ¿Cuántos segundos aguanta su respiración abajo del agua?*
69
Q

burst, flash of light

The flash of light from the lightning illuminates the sky

A

ráfaga

La ráfaga del relámpago ilumina el cielo

70
Q

tranquility, calm

The fireworks interrupt the calm of the night

A

sosiego

Los fuegos artificiales interupen el sosiego de la noche

71
Q

blessed (participio pasado)

Blessed (adjetivo)

  • God has blessed me*
  • Now I am blessed*
A

bendecido (part.)

bendito (adj)

  • El Dios me ha bendecido*
  • Ahora estoy bendito*
72
Q

exhausting

It was an exhausting trip

A

agotador (-ra)

Fue un viaje agotador

73
Q

to recruit, to conscript

I recruited a friend to help me with my chores

A

reclutar

Yo recluté a un amigo para ayudarme con mis chambas

74
Q

hired assassin

The hired assassin killed the politician with a bullet fired from a rifle

A

sicario

El sicario mató al político con una bala que disparó de un rifle

75
Q

to bind, to encircle, be tight on

  • The police bound the wrists of the burgler with handcuffs*
  • The army marched in order to encircle the city*
A

ceñir

  • El policía ceñö las muñecas del ladrón con las esposas*
  • El ejército march para ceñir la ciudad*
76
Q

to stick to, to limit oneself to

  • When you testify to the judge limit yourself to the facts*
  • The dietary recommendations include limiting yourself to fat-free foods*
A

ceñirse

  • Cuando testifica al juez se ciñe a los hechos*
  • Las recomendaciones dietéticas incluyen se ciñen a los alimentos sin grasa*
77
Q

Pedestrian (sustantivo)

Pedestrian (adjetivo)

  • There are many pedestians in el centro*
  • Constituyentes avenue has pedestrian bridges every kilometer*
A

peatón (sustantivo)

peatonal (adjetivo)

  • Hay muchos peatones en el centro*
  • La avenida Constituyentes tiene puentes peatonales cada kilometro*
78
Q

the deer in the headlight look

Mexicanismo

A

conejo lampareado

79
Q

to bump/run into (figurativa)

When I was in Querétaro I ran into a friend in el centro

A

toparse con

Cuando estuve in Querétaro me topé con un amigo en el centro

80
Q

retinue, entourage

The president arrived with a large entourage

A

séquito

El presidente llegó con un séquito grande

81
Q

ditch, pit, grave

  • The workers used heavy machinery to dig a deep ditch*
  • The police found 5 cadavers in common grave*
A

fosa

  • Los obreros usan una máquina pesada para cavar la fosa profunda*
  • El policía encontró 5 cadáveres en una fosa común*
82
Q

to brake, restrain

The pickup truck did not brake before colliding with the bus.

A

frenar

la camioneta no frenó antes de chocar con el autobús

83
Q

tenant, renter

A

inquillino/na

84
Q

to kidnap, hijack

The baby was kidnapped in the market

A

secuestrar

El bebé fue secuestrado en el mercado

85
Q

kidnapping, hijacking (noun)

There was a kidnapping in Acapulco. There are not many kidnappings in Querétaro

A

secuestro (sustantivo)

Hubo un secuestro en Acapulco. No hay muchos secuestros en Querétaro

86
Q

gift (noun)

three (3) options

A

regalo, presente, obsequio

(son iguales)

87
Q

number (quantitative number)

The number of trucks on the highway between Querétaro and the border is more than 200 per kilometer

A

cifra

La cifra de camiones en la autopista entre Querétaro y la frontera es más de 200 por kilometro

88
Q

to restrain oneself (two options)

After the accident the bus driver could not contain his emotions. He could not contain himself

A

frenarse (reflexivo)

contenerse (pronomial)

  • Después el accidente el conductor del autobús no frenó sus emociones*
  • . . . no se contuv sus emociones*
  • No se frenó*
89
Q

to pay off, to settle an account

Do not forget to pay off your cell phone account

A

saldar (“pagar” también)

No olvide saldar su cuente de celular

90
Q

balance, payment (noun)

I maintain a spreadsheet of my account balance for Spanish classes

A

saldo

Mantengo una hoja de cálculo a mis saldo de cuenta para las clases de español

91
Q

to continue on (two options)

  • The Lord continues blessing my life*
  • May the Lord continue blessing your life*
A

seguir, continuar

  • El Señor sigue/continua bendiciendo mi vida*
  • Que El Señor sigue/continue bendiciendo le vida*

(indicativo primer, subjuntivo segundo)

92
Q

sensitivity, feeling

  • After the accident the driver has no feelings in his legs*
  • The microphone has the sensitivity to hear the birds in the bush over there*
  • The songs of Vicente Fernández have a lot of feelings*
A

sensibilidad

  • Después del accidente el conductor no tiene sensibilidad en las piernas*
  • El micrófono tiene la sensibilidad par oír los pájaros en el arbusto allá*
  • Las canciones de Vicente Fernández tienen tanta sensibilidad*
93
Q

ostrich

A

avestruz

94
Q

municipal president

(in Mexico)

A

edil

95
Q

light rain

rain

heavy rain

thunderstorm (2 opciones)

downpour

A

Lluvia ligera

Lluvia

Lluvia fuerte = Aguacero

Tormenta (truenos, relámpagos, aire)

Tromba

96
Q

to rain cats and dogs

(Mexicanismo equivalent expression)

A

lover a cántaros

(note: cántaro = pitcher, jug)

97
Q

stairs (small)

stairs (large, as in a stadium)

A

escaleras

gradas

98
Q

therapy assistant

(as in Physical Therapy Assistant)

A

asistente terapeuta

99
Q

on horseback

The cowboys arrived on horseback

A

a caballo

Los vaqueros llegaron a caballo

Note: not “a caballos”

100
Q

to start over

The students are starting over after failing the class

A

volver a empezar

Los alumnos vuelvan a empezar después de reprobar la clase

Spanish (15 decks)

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