Gramática de Irais III Flashcards

1
Q

to perceive the smell of, to have scent

My dogs smell as if they were dead bodies

A

oler

Mis perros huelen como si fueran cuerpos muertos

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2
Q

To sniff, smell (animal)

My dogs sniff as if they had found a dead body

A

Olfatear

Mis perros olfatean como si hubieran encontrado un cuerpo muerto

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3
Q

to realize, notice

  • I do not realize that the shoelaces of my shoes are untied*
  • The husband forgot his wedding anniversary. He did not notice the calendar*
A

darse cuenta

  • No me doy cuenta que los cordones de mis zapatos están desatados*
  • El esposo olvidó el aniversario de la boda. No se dio cuenta en el calendario*
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4
Q

swamp

The field looks like a swamp after the rain

A

pantano

La cancha parece como un pantano después de la lluvia

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5
Q

more than

I like tortillas more than bread

A

más que

Me gustan las tortillas más que el pan

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6
Q

less than

I like bread less than tortillas

A

menos que

Me gusta el pan menos que las tortillas

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7
Q

to be unemployed

My friend is unemployed

A

andar sin empleo

Mi amiga anda sin empleo

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8
Q

To crack, split

A

partir (más común)

quebrar (menos común)

rajar, agrietar, cascar (nunca usan como un verbo)

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9
Q

a crack (noun)

There is a crack in the pavement from the earthquake

A

agrieta

Hay una agrieta en el pavimiento desde el terremoto

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10
Q

process, procedure (business, governmental)

The process to travel to Mexico is easier than to travel to Cuba

A

trámite

El trámite para viajar a México es más fácil que viajar a Cuba

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11
Q

chile pepper

(two options)

A

ají

chile pimiento

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12
Q

downpour

(heavy rain)

A

una tromba

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13
Q

teaching, teaching profession

(noun/sustantivo)

A

magisterio

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14
Q

formerly

My friend is formerly an engineer

A

otrora

Mi amigo es otrora un ingeniero

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15
Q

to snack,

eat a light meal around 5:00 to 6:00 PM

A

merendar

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16
Q

by dint/power of

By the power of studying every day I will learn Spanish

A

a fuerza de

A fuerza de estudiar aprederé español

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17
Q

in view of the fact that

In view of the fact that the teacher is sick there is no class today

A

en vista de que

En vista de que la maestra está enferma no hay clase hoy.

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18
Q

I am going to buy some fruit

A

Voy a comprar algo de fruta

“algo de” not “alga”

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19
Q

Housewife

A

Ama de casa

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20
Q

finished, done

A

¡Listo!

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21
Q

others, the others, the rest

  • The bus was ful therefore the rest could not get on.*
  • Who ate the rest of the cookies?*
A

los/las demás

  • El autob{us se llenó por eso los demás no pudieron subir.*
  • ¿Quién comió las demás galletas*
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22
Q

To be worth, to cost

The car is worth $100,000 MXN

A

valer

El coche vale $100,000 MXN

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23
Q

to assign value to, to appraise

  • The owner valued the car at $100,000 MXN*
  • I value your opinion, tell me your opinion*
A

valorar

  • El coche vale $100,000*
  • Yo valoro tu opinión. Dime tu opinión*
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24
Q

the Space Shuttle

A

El transbordador espacial

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25
extremely *(2 options)* ## Footnote *To drive in the streets of DF is extremely dangerous*
sumamente, extremadamente ## Footnote * Manejar en las calles de DF es sumamente peligroso* * Manejar en las calles de DF es extremadamente peligroso*
26
to feel pain, ache in a body part ## Footnote *After running the muscles in my legs hurt*
Dolerse ## Footnote *Después de correr me duelen los músculos de las piernas*
27
to inflict pain, hurt (2 options) ## Footnote *The drunk was hurt when he fell*
lastimar, hacer daño ## Footnote *El borracho se lastimó cuando se cayó*
28
to hurt someone emotionally (4 options) ## Footnote *Your words hurt me*
dolerse, lastimarse, hacerse daño, herirse ## Footnote * Sus palabras me duelen* * Sus palabras me lastiman* * Sus palabras me hacen daño* * Sus palabras me hieren*
29
To injure someone with visible injury ## Footnote * The car injured the motorcyclist en the accident* * The soldier was injured in the battle*
herir ## Footnote * El coche hirió al motociclista en el accidente* * El soldado jue herido en la batalla*
30
Vacation Bible Camp ## Footnote *(2 options)*
campamento Bíblico de vacaciones campamento de vacaciones Bíblico
31
to shake uncontrollably
sacudir
32
to dust (Mexico)
sacudir
33
to shake controllably ## Footnote * You need to shake the botle of juice before you drink it* * The recipe says to mix the ingredients in a bag and shake completely*
agitar ## Footnote * Debe de agitar la botella de jugo antes de tomar* * La receta dice mezclar los ingredientes en una bolsa y agitar completamente*
34
to shake, shiver, shudder (due to a natural event) ## Footnote * In the winter it is cold and I shake a lot* * The building shook for 20 seconds due to the earthquake*
temblar ## Footnote * En el invierno hace frio y tiemblo mucho* * El edificio tembló por 20 segundos a causa del terremoto*
35
there is no turning back
no hay vuelta de hoja
36
profitable (2 options) ## Footnote *The restaurant is not profitable therefore it will close*
rentable, redituable ## Footnote * El restaurante no está redituable por eso va a cerrar* * El restuarante no está rentable por eso va a cerrar*
37
political seat ## Footnote *The party won a majority of the seats in the election*
curule ## Footnote *El partido ganó la mayoria de los curules de la elección*
38
heart attack (2 options)
ataque al corazón ataque cardiaco (medical term)
39
to be left over, to exceed ## Footnote * After the party I saw some cookies that were left over* * I have one extra green pen*
sobrar ## Footnote * Después de la fiesta yo vi algunas galletas que sobraron* * Me sobra una pluma verde*
40
Bingo
Bingo
41
it goes without saying
sobra decirlo
42
there is more than enough time
sobra tiempo
43
slice, wedge
gajo
44
without a hitch
sin ningún contratiempo
45
to bake (cake, bread, etc.)
hornear
46
baker (person who bakes) ## Footnote *The baker baked four dozen cookies*
panadero ## Footnote *El panadero horneó 4 docenas de galletas*
47
to draw lines ## Footnote *The worker lined the pavement of the street*
rayar ## Footnote *El obrero rayó el pavimento de la calle*
48
to border on, on the verge of ## Footnote *At times the rules of Spanish border on crazy*
rayar en ## Footnote *A veces las reglas del español rayan en lo loco*
49
Attached are my "dudas" ## Footnote (3 options)
Adjuntos están mis dudas Te/Le adjunto mis dudas Aquí le envio mis dudas adjuntas
50
to scratch, itch (with finger nails) ## Footnote *My dogs like it when I scratch their ears*
rascar ## Footnote *A mis perros les gusta cuando les rasco sus orejas*
51
to scrape off, scratch , file (mechanical, object) ## Footnote *The red car scratched the paint of the blue car in the accident*
raspar ## Footnote *El carro rojo raspó toda la pintura del carro azul en el accidente*
52
traffic intersection (3 options)
Cruce, Crucero, intersección
53
dangerous intersection
cruce peligroso crucero peligroso intersección peligroso
54
alphabet (a, b, c, . . . z) ## Footnote (2 options)
alfabeto abecedario
55
to snort (animal) to seethe (person) * The bull snorted before charging the matador* * The teacher seethed at the student*
bufar ## Footnote * El toro bufó antes de cargar al matador* * La maestra bufó al alumno*
56
to pant, breath heavily ## Footnote *My dogs always breath heavily in the summer*
respoplar ## Footnote *Mis perros siempre resoplan en el verano*
57
heavy breathing ## Footnote (noun)
resoplido ## Footnote (sustantivo)
58
misdeed ## Footnote *The misdeeds of the governer are many*
fechoría ## Footnote *Las fechorías del gobernador son muchas*
59
sacking, plundering, looting ## Footnote *The Conquistadors were guilty of the plundering of the indigenous people*
saqueo ## Footnote *Los Conquistadores fueron culpable del saqueo a los indigenas*
60
to determne precisely, exactly ## Footnote *The engineer precisely determined the efficiency of the motor*
precisar ## Footnote *El ingeniero percisó la eficiencia del motor*
61
knot ## Footnote (rope, wood, stomach)
nudo
62
node, junction ## Footnote As in a network *El Centro is the node of the history of Querétaro*
nudo ## Footnote *El centro es el nudo de la historia e Querétaro*
63
to originate from, to derive ## Footnote * The Conquistador Cortez originated in Cuba before arriving in Mexico* * Many rules of Spanish derive from Latin*
provenir ## Footnote * El conquistador Cortez provino de Cuba antes de llegar a México* * Tantas reglas de español provienen de latín*
64
crack ## Footnote *The earthquake left a crack in the wall*
grieta ## Footnote *El Terremoto dejó una grieta en la pared*
65
gap, breach ## Footnote * There is a technology gap between the students in the university and the indigenous people* * A gap between the mountains*
brecha ## Footnote * Hay una brecha tecnológica entre los alumnos en la universidad y las indigenas* * Brecha entre las montañas*
66
Generation Gap
brecha generacional
67
to endure, last ## Footnote *The pyramids in Mexico have endured for many centuries*
perdurar ## Footnote *Las pirámidas en México had perdurado por muchos siglos*
68
to bear, put up with, tolerate Dos opciones iguales * The Otomí language has tolerated the arrival of the Spainards, the evolution of the language and the passing of time.* * How many seconds can you hold your breath under water?*
aguantar, soportar ## Footnote * La lengua otomí ha soportado/aguantado la llegada de los españoles, la evolución del idioma y el paso del tiempo.* * ¿Cuántos segundos aguanta su respiración abajo del agua?*
69
burst, flash of light ## Footnote *The flash of light from the lightning illuminates the sky*
ráfaga ## Footnote La ráfaga del relámpago ilumina el cielo
70
tranquility, calm ## Footnote *The fireworks interrupt the calm of the night*
sosiego ## Footnote *Los fuegos artificiales interupen el sosiego de la noche*
71
blessed (participio pasado) Blessed (adjetivo) * God has blessed me* * Now I am blessed*
bendecido (part.) bendito (adj) * El Dios me ha bendecido* * Ahora estoy bendito*
72
exhausting ## Footnote *It was an exhausting trip*
agotador (-ra) ## Footnote *Fue un viaje agotador*
73
to recruit, to conscript ## Footnote *I recruited a friend to help me with my chores*
reclutar ## Footnote *Yo recluté a un amigo para ayudarme con mis chambas*
74
hired assassin ## Footnote *The hired assassin killed the politician with a bullet fired from a rifle*
sicario ## Footnote *El sicario mató al político con una bala que disparó de un rifle*
75
to bind, to encircle, be tight on ## Footnote * The police bound the wrists of the burgler with handcuffs* * The army marched in order to encircle the city*
ceñir ## Footnote * El policía ceñö las muñecas del ladrón con las esposas* * El ejército march para ceñir la ciudad*
76
to stick to, to limit oneself to ## Footnote * When you testify to the judge limit yourself to the facts* * The dietary recommendations include limiting yourself to fat-free foods*
ceñirse ## Footnote * Cuando testifica al juez se ciñe a los hechos* * Las recomendaciones dietéticas incluyen se ciñen a los alimentos sin grasa*
77
Pedestrian (sustantivo) Pedestrian (adjetivo) * There are many pedestians in el centro* * Constituyentes avenue has pedestrian bridges every kilometer*
peatón (sustantivo) peatonal (adjetivo) * Hay muchos peatones en el centro* * La avenida Constituyentes tiene puentes peatonales cada kilometro*
78
the deer in the headlight look *Mexicanismo*
conejo lampareado
79
to bump/run into (figurativa) ## Footnote *When I was in Querétaro I ran into a friend in el centro*
toparse con ## Footnote *Cuando estuve in Querétaro me topé con un amigo en el centro*
80
retinue, entourage ## Footnote *The president arrived with a large entourage*
séquito ## Footnote *El presidente llegó con un séquito grande*
81
ditch, pit, grave ## Footnote * The workers used heavy machinery to dig a deep ditch* * The police found 5 cadavers in common grave*
fosa ## Footnote * Los obreros usan una máquina pesada para cavar la fosa profunda* * El policía encontró 5 cadáveres en una fosa común*
82
to brake, restrain ## Footnote *The pickup truck did not brake before colliding with the bus.*
frenar ## Footnote *la camioneta no frenó antes de chocar con el autobús*
83
tenant, renter
inquillino/na
84
to kidnap, hijack ## Footnote *The baby was kidnapped in the market*
secuestrar *El bebé fue secuestrado en el mercado*
85
kidnapping, hijacking (noun) ## Footnote *There was a kidnapping in Acapulco. There are not many kidnappings in Querétaro*
secuestro (sustantivo) ## Footnote *Hubo un secuestro en Acapulco. No hay muchos secuestros en Querétaro*
86
gift (noun) *three (3) options*
regalo, presente, obsequio ## Footnote *(son iguales)*
87
number *(quantitative number)* *The number of trucks on the highway between Querétaro and the border is more than 200 per kilometer*
cifra ## Footnote *La cifra de camiones en la autopista entre Querétaro y la frontera es más de 200 por kilometro*
88
to restrain oneself (two options) ## Footnote *After the accident the bus driver could not contain his emotions.* *He could not contain himself*
frenarse (reflexivo) contenerse (pronomial) * Después el accidente el conductor del autobús no frenó sus emociones* * . . . no se contuv sus emociones* * No se frenó*
89
to pay off, to settle an account ## Footnote *Do not forget to pay off your cell phone account*
saldar ("pagar" también) ## Footnote *No olvide saldar su cuente de celular*
90
balance, payment (noun) ## Footnote I maintain a spreadsheet of my account balance for Spanish classes
saldo ## Footnote *Mantengo una hoja de cálculo a mis saldo de cuenta para las clases de español*
91
to continue on (two options) ## Footnote * The Lord continues blessing my life* * May the Lord continue blessing your life*
seguir, continuar ## Footnote * El Señor sigue/continua bendiciendo mi vida* * Que El Señor sigue/continue bendiciendo le vida* (indicativo primer, subjuntivo segundo)
92
sensitivity, feeling ## Footnote * After the accident the driver has no feelings in his legs* * The microphone has the sensitivity to hear the birds in the bush over there* * The songs of Vicente Fernández have a lot of feelings*
sensibilidad ## Footnote * Después del accidente el conductor no tiene sensibilidad en las piernas* * El micrófono tiene la sensibilidad par oír los pájaros en el arbusto allá* * Las canciones de Vicente Fernández tienen tanta sensibilidad*
93
ostrich
avestruz
94
municipal president ## Footnote (in Mexico)
edil
95
light rain rain heavy rain thunderstorm (2 opciones) downpour
Lluvia ligera Lluvia Lluvia fuerte = Aguacero Tormenta (truenos, relámpagos, aire) Tromba
96
to rain cats and dogs ## Footnote (Mexicanismo equivalent expression)
lover a cántaros ## Footnote (note: cántaro = pitcher, jug)
97
stairs (small) stairs (large, as in a stadium)
escaleras gradas
98
therapy assistant ## Footnote (as in Physical Therapy Assistant)
asistente terapeuta
99
on horseback ## Footnote *The cowboys arrived on horseback*
a caballo *Los vaqueros llegaron a caballo* Note: _not_ "a caballos"
100
to start over ## Footnote *The students are starting over after failing the class*
volver a empezar ## Footnote *Los alumnos vuelvan a empezar después de reprobar la clase*