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Spanish > Gramática de Irais I > Flashcards

Gramática de Irais I Flashcards

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1
Q

The sun is hot

A

El sol es caliente

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2
Q

The oven is hot

A

El horno está caliente

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3
Q

The afternoons in Texas are hot

(2 options)

A

Las tardes en Texas son calurosas/cálidas

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4
Q

The jacket is warm

A

La chamarra es cálida

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5
Q

The blanket is warm

A

La cobija es cálida

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6
Q

lime (mineral)

lime (fruit)

A

la cal (mineral) el limón (fruit)

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7
Q

The South Pole has a frozen climate

The South Pole has an icy climate

A

El polo sur tiene un clima helado

El polo sur tiene un clima gélado

(helado es más común)

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8
Q

The snow is cold

A

La nieve es fría

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9
Q

The drink is cold

A

La bebida está fría

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10
Q

He has a cold personality

A

Él tiene una personalidad fría

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11
Q

I don´t deny that . . .

A

No niego que . . .

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12
Q

It is what it is

A

sea como sea

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13
Q

When I lived with Señora Sara she treated me as a member of the family

A

Cuando estuve vividendo con la señora Sara ella me trató como un miembro de la familia

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14
Q

I would like some dessert

A

Yo querría algo de postre

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15
Q

The accident was very bloody

A

El accidente fue muy sanguiento. (en el accidente había mucha sangre)

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16
Q

The motorcyclist was bloody from the accident.

A

El motociclista estaba ensangrentado por el accidente.

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17
Q

The body was bloody.

(covered with blood)

A

El cuerpo estaba ensangrentado.

(el cuerpo estaba lleno, cubierto de sangre)

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18
Q

Vampires are bloody

A

Los vampiros son sanguinarios.

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19
Q

Luis is bloody because he killed a person in a manner very terrible

A

Luis es sanguinario porque mató a una persona de una forma muy terrible.

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20
Q

Luis is very bloody because he likes to see blood

A

Luis es muy sanguinario porque le gusta ver sangre.

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21
Q

The sweater is very warm

A

El sueter es muy cálido

(+ ser = da calor)

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22
Q

It is hot outside

A

Hace calor afuera

(hacer + calor => clima)

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23
Q

I feel hot

A

Tengo calor

(tener + calor = to feel heat/warmth)

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24
Q

I have eaten tacos more than one time

I have eaten tacos only one time

A

He comido tacos más de una vez

No he comido tacos más que una vez

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25
Q

Return safe and sound

A

Regrese sano y salvo

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26
Q

The trip went without problems and was well.

A

El viaje fue salvo y con bien.

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27
Q

Here we go again.

A

Aquí vamos de nuevo

Alla vamos nuevamente (menos común)

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28
Q

I am going to run some errands

I am going to run an errand (specific item(s))

A

Voy a hacer unos mandados

Voy por el mandado

(going to the market for specific food; fruits, vegtables, pan, etc.)

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29
Q

I would like some bread with my breakfast

(3 options)

A

Yo quisiera algún / algo de / un poco de pan con mi desayuno

(3 opciones)

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30
Q

My friend would like some donuts with her breakfast

(2 options)

A

Mi amiga quisiera unas / agunas donas con su desayuno

(2 opciones)

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31
Q

I have peanuts, would you like some?

(3 options)

A

Tengo cacahuates, ¿quiere algunos / unos pocos?

(2 opciones)

Tengo cacahuates, ¿Te/Le gusta algo?

(más común)

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32
Q

I have peanuts, who would like some?

(3 options)

A

Tengo cacahuates, ¿alguien quiere algunos / unos pocos?

Tengo cacahuates, ¿alguien gusta algo?

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33
Q

I don´t know anyone who doesn´t like chocolate.

A

No conozco a nadie / a alguien que no le guste el chocolate

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34
Q

I asked them but no one has seen my keys. They are lost. Or, maybe someone has taken them

A

Les pregunté pero nadie ha visto mis llaves. Están perdidas. O, quizás alguien las sacó.

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35
Q

Last cuatrimestre no one failed the class. Probably, this year someone will fail the class.

A

En el cuatrimestre pasado nadie reprobó la clase. Probablemente este año alguien va a reprobar la clase.

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36
Q

Laziness (sustantivo)

(formal, informal, very informal)

A

Pereza (formal)

Flojo (informal)

Güeva (muy informal)

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37
Q

A lazy person

(formal, informal - 2 options)

A

Un hombre/mujer perezoso/a (formal)

un/una flojo/a (informal)

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38
Q

Güero / Güera

A

Blond (adjetivo, = “rubio/a”)

Hombre/Mujer con cabello rubio/a (sustantivo)

Persona con piel blanca o ojos claros (Mexicanismo)

(nota: “ojos claros” = no ojos cafes)

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39
Q

¿”dicho” v “dichoso”?

A

Dicho = saying/proverb (nm), aforementioned (adj), said (pp decir)

Dichoso = Happy, Blessed (adj)

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40
Q

common saying

A

dicho común

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41
Q

witty remark

A

dicho agudo

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42
Q

No one said life would be easy

A

Nadie dijo que la vida fuera fácil

Nadie dijo que sería fácil

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43
Q

Dicho eso

A

That said

Mi amigo cree que hablo español. Dicho eso los mexicanos no entienden mi español.

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44
Q

nonetheless / in spite of

A

sin embargo (más común)

no obstante

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45
Q

“Poor Mexico, so far from God and so close to the United States”

A

“¡Pobre México, tan lejos de Dios y tan cerca de los Estados Unidos”

dicho de Porfioro Díaz

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46
Q

pale skinned person, non Mexican (friendly)

A

Güerito / Güerita

(más amable)

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47
Q

one-horse town

A

pueblucho

pueblito (más amable)

(nota: “poblacho” no es común)

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48
Q

In a small town everybody knows each other

A

En el pueblucho todos se conocen.

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49
Q

güerita / chaparrita / gordito / blanquita / flaquito / morenito/ viejita / jovencita

A

Éstas son más amables palabras que refiere a las personas afectuosas

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50
Q

Güerita

A

Mujer, rubia

o

Mujer con ojos claros

(Forma amable)

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51
Q

Chaparrita

A

Mujer, pequeña

(Forma amable)

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52
Q

Gordito / Gordita

A

Hombre / Mujer gordo/a

(Forma amable)

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53
Q

Blanquita

A

Mujer blanca

(Forma amable)

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54
Q

Flaquito

A

Hombre flaco

(Forma amable)

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55
Q

Morenito

A

Hombre con complexión negro, moreno

(Forma amable)

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56
Q

Viejito / Viejita

A

Hombre / Mujer viejo/a

(Forma amable)

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57
Q

Jovencita

A

Mujer joven

(Forma amable)

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58
Q

I cannot contain my emotions

A

No me contengo la emoción

(desde: contenerse)

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59
Q

Time will tell

A

El tiempo lo dirá

¿Puedo entender español? El tiempo lo dirá

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60
Q

At times, my dogs cannot contain their emotions

A

A veces mis perros no contienen sus emociones

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61
Q

Cannonballs

A

Balas de cañón

62
Q

God forbid . . . !

God forbid I should fall off my bicycle!

A

¡Dios me/te/le/nos/les libre de de que me/te… (subjuntivo) . . . !

¡Dios me/te/le libre de (infinitivo) . . . !

  • ¡Dios me libre de que me caiga de mi bicicleta!*
  • ¡Dios me libre de caer de mi bicicleta!*
63
Q

Common sense

Men have no common sense

A

Sentido común

Los hombres no tienen sentido común

64
Q

It is common sense you should not cross the highway on foot

A

Es de sentido común que no debe de cruzar la autopista a pie

(“de sentido común” because common sense is seen a a body of knowledge )

65
Q

To root/cheer for a team

I cheer for Los Gallos

A

Echar porras al equipo (Mex)

Les echo porras a los Gallos

66
Q

Jungle

A

Selva

(Note: “bosque” = forest)

67
Q

We will let the world go on turning

(expression of feeling lazy, apathetic)

A

Dejemos rodar el mundo

68
Q

Cheerleader, Supporter

A

Porrista

69
Q

I am not doing anything

(two options)

A

No estoy haciendo nada

Estoy dejando rodar el mundo

70
Q

He is clueless

A

él no sabe ni qué

71
Q

Shout/Yell in protest

(gritar con protestación)

A

Vociferar

72
Q

Tabletalk

(plática, conversación después de comer)

A

Sobremesa

73
Q

Brief nap

(siesta breve)

A

Siestacita

74
Q

To take something into account, or consideration

  • I will take it into account*
  • I took you into consideration*
A

O.D. en cuenta (O.D. = me, te, lo, la, nos, los, las)

  • Lo tomaré en cuenta*
  • Te tomé en cuenta*
  • O.D. = objeto directo*
75
Q

Daring, Audasity, Boldness

(Especially as applied to a complicated process, activity; dos opciones)

A

Osadía, Atrevimiento

(el pirate del Internet tiene osadía)

76
Q

Bedroom

(three options)

A

Recamara, Cuarto, Alcoba

(las tres son iguales)

77
Q

To prove all this . . .

In proof of this . . .

As evidence of this . . .

A

En prueba de todo eso . . .

(En prueba de todo eso voy a mostrar las ecuaciones)

78
Q

Bed

(two options)

A

Cama, Lecho

79
Q

Sickbed

A

Lecho de enfermo

80
Q

Deathbed

A

Lecho de muerte

81
Q

neither more nor less . . .

none other than . . .

nothing less than . . .

A

ni más ni menos

  • (Cuando fui a la iglesia me encontré ni más ni menos que a viejo amigo)*
  • (En el Fútbol Mundial los mexicanos esperan ni más ni menos que terminar el torneo en el primer lugar)*
82
Q

After exercise I am tired.

At the end of the day I am tired.

A

Después de hacer ejercisio me fatigo (fatigarse)

Al final del día me canso (cansarse)

83
Q

I am tired

(two options)

A

Estoy cansado (cansado = adjetivo)

Tengo cansancio (cansancio = sustantivo)

84
Q

So, Then

(three options: (a) no doubt; (b) some doubt and (c) with sarcasm)

A

Entonces (sin duda)

Así que (con duda)

Conque (con sarcasmo)

85
Q

To finish off (as in the last step in a process)

(He finished off the meal with a dessert)

A

Rematar

(Él remató la comida con un postre)

86
Q

How, In what way, To what extent, How much

  • (three options: (a) qualitative, (b) qualitative and (c) quantitative)*
  • (a) and (b) are equal*
  • (¿How dificult was the exam?)*
  • (¿How many days was your vacation?)*
A

(a) Cuán = (b) Qué tan
(c) Qué tanto
* (¿Cuán/Qué tan dificil fue el examen?)*
* (Qué tantos días fueron sus vacaciones?)*

87
Q

In order to be up to date

To be up to date

  • (I read the newspaper in order to be up to date)*
  • (After reading the newspaper I am up to date)*
A

Para ir/estar al día

Ir/Estar al día

  • (Leo el periódico para ir/estar al día)*
  • (Después de leer el periódico soy/estoy al día)*
88
Q

It/That is my way of thinking

  • (Two options)*
  • I think mathematics is easier than Spanish That is my way of thinking.*
  • So, what do you thnk about this subject?*
A

Es mi modo de pensar

Es lo que yo pienso

Creo que las matemáticas son más fácil que español. Es mi modo de pensar.

Conque, ¿Cuál es su modo de pensar con ésta tema?

89
Q

His “better half” (wife)

A

Su media naranja

90
Q

Binoculars

(Two options)

A

Binoculares o Gemelos

(También gemelos = twins)

91
Q

Sleep well!

A

¡Que duermas/duerma bien!

92
Q

Keep an eye on him / Watch out for

  • (as in dangerous situations)*
  • He is a suspect. Keep an eye on him*
  • Watch out for the pavement*
  • Watch out for the animal*
A

Mucho ojo con él

  • Él es un sospechoso. Mucho ojo con él*
  • Mucho ojo con el pavimento*
  • Mucho ojo con el animal*
93
Q

Drunkard

  • (sustantivo y adjetivo)*
  • My friend is a drunkard*
  • The drunkard should not drive the car*
A

Ebrio

  • Mi amigo es un ebrio*
  • El ebrio no debe de manejar el coche*
94
Q

Cabbage

(Two options)

A

Col

Repollo

95
Q

Coleslaw

A

Enselada de col

96
Q

To hesitate

Don´t hesitate to call me if you have questions

A

Titubear

No titubee en llamarme si tiene preguntas

also: No dude en llamarme si tiene preguntas

97
Q

Hesitantly

The husband responded hesitantly to the question from his wife

A

Titubeantemente

El esposo respondió titubeantemente a las pregunta de su esposa

98
Q

Suitor

(as in pre-boyfriend)

A

Pretendiente

99
Q

Never say never

A

Nunca digas nunca

100
Q

To trick, fool or deceive.

(My friend tricked me into running but I arrived early and he never arrived)

A

Embaucar

(Mi amigo me embaucó para ir a correr, pero yo llegué temprano y él nunca llegó​)

101
Q

To cheat or swindle ($)

(my friend cheated me out of $150 pesos for the meal)

A

Estafar

(Mi amigo me estafó con 150 pesos de la comida.)

102
Q

To trick, deceive, mislead (words or actions)

(My teacher mislead me, she said she was going to live in Saudi Arabia and following is living in Querétaro. She is a liar)

A

Engañar

(Mi maestra me engañó, dijo que se iba a vivir a Arabia Saudita y sigue en Querétaro. Es una mentirosa.)

103
Q

To cheat (game or exam)

  • (My friend cheated in a game of cards)*
  • (My friend cheated on the exam, he pulled out a crib sheet)*
A

Hacer trampa

  • (Mi amigo hizo trampa en el juego de cartas)*
  • (Mi alumno hizo trampa en el examen, sacó un acordeón)*
104
Q

Liar (professional) vs. Liar (everyday person)

(sustantivo)

A

El/La Embustero/a vs. El/La Mentiroso/a

105
Q

You are correct

A

Tiene razón

(Tener razón)

106
Q

You are not correct.

A

No tiene razón.

(No tener razón.)

107
Q

You have nothing to lose.

(You should try new foods. You have nothing to lose.)

A

Nada se pierde.

  • (Debe de tratar las comidas nuevas. Nada se pierde.)*
  • NOTE: se pierde is never conjugated from perderse.*
108
Q

What do you have to lose?

(I am going to try and learn Spanish. What do I have to lose?)

A

¿Nada se pierde?

  • (Voy a tratar de aprender español. ¿Nada se pierde?)*
  • Note: “nada me pierdo” is not correct*
109
Q

Money (slang for dinero, four options)

A

Cambio, Plata, Feria, Marmaja

110
Q

I am broke (mexicanismo, dos opciones)

A

Estoy quebrado/a

Estoy brujo/a

111
Q

To be ready (right now, immediately)

(I am ready to do something)

A

Estar listo

(Estoy listo para hacer algo)

112
Q

To be ready (soon, or in near future – two options)

(I am ready to run tomorrow at 5:30 AM)

A

Disponerse a o Estar dispuesto a

(Me dispongo a correr mañana a las 5:30 am)

(Estoy dispuesto a correr mañana a las 5:30 am)

113
Q

Cheers

(also as used in closing of an email)

A

Saludos

114
Q

God forgive me!

  • (God forgive me because I forgot to send an email to my friend)*
  • (I forgot to send an email to my my friend. God forgive me!)*
A

¡Dios me (lo) perdone!

  • (Dios me perdone porque olvidé enviar un correo electrónico a mi amigo)*
  • (Olvidé enviar un correo electónico a mi amigo. ¡Dios me lo perdone!)*
115
Q

peak, middle, mid

  • (Management terminated work mid project)*
  • (the thief robbed the Banamex branch in the middle of the day)*
A

Pleno

  • (La gerencia terminó el trabajo en pleno proyecto)*
  • (El ladrón robó la sucursal de Banamex en pleno día)*
116
Q

The heart of the city

A

Pleno corazón de la ciudad

Nota: El pleno . . . “ tiene otra significada

117
Q

Awesome!, Excellent!

  • Mexicanismo, igual a “chido” o “excelente”*
  • (The weather is awesome!)*
A

¡De pelos!

(El clima está de pelos!)

118
Q

Drinking, to drink (alchohol, mexicanismo)

(I am going to the restaurant to drink)

A

Pisteando, Pistear

(voy al restaurante a pistear)

119
Q

Abundant, Abundantly

  • (My life is abundantly blessed)*
  • (You have an abundance of books)*
A

Chorro, A chorros

  • (Mi vida es bendicida a chorros)*
  • (Tiene un chorro de libros)*
120
Q

abundant / abundantly (Mexicanismo)

  • (I ate an abundance of tortillas when I was living in Mexico)*
  • (God has blessed me abundantly)*
A

Chorro / A chorros

  • (Dios me ha bendecido a chorros)*
  • (Yo comía un chorro de tortillas cuando vivía en México)*
121
Q

Right afterward

(We are going to eat right after class)

A

A continuación

(Vamos a comer a continuación de la clase)

122
Q

Bumper sticker

(or any sticker on a car)

A

Caclomanía

123
Q

“on board” versus “to board”

  • (He is on board the bus)*
  • (He is boardng the bus)*
A

A bordo / Abordar

  • (Él está a bordo el autobús)*
  • (Él está abordando el autobus)*
124
Q

Top, Peak, Summit, Climax, Apex (geometry)

  • (Two options)*
  • (My friend climbed to the summit of the mountain)*
  • (The professional athlete quit at the peak of his career)*
A

Cima, Cúspide

  • (Mi amigo subió a la cima de la montaña)*
  • (El jugador profesional renunció en la cima de su carrera)*
125
Q

Cattle

(The rancher has many cattle)

A

Res, Reses (pl)

(El ranchero tiene muchas reses)

126
Q

Downpour, Shower

(The storm brings a downpour to the city)

A

Aguacero

(La tormenta trae un aguacero to the city)

127
Q

mountain range

(There are three large mountain ranges in the country of Mexico)

A

serranía

(Hay tres serranías grandes en el país de México)

128
Q

cornfield

(The farm has a large cornfield)

A

milpa

(La granja tiene una milpa grande)

129
Q

Hey!

(Hey! What are you doing?)

A

¡Epa!

(¡Epa! ¿Qué está haciendo?)

130
Q

Funny

  • (adjetivo, mexicanismo, 3 opciones)*
  • The movies of Cantinflas are funny*
  • I enjoy eating snacks while I am watching funny movies*
A

botana, chistoso, gracioso

  • Las películas de Cantinflas son botanas/chistosas*
  • Me gusta comer las botanas cuando estoy buscando viendo las películas botanas*
131
Q

a funny person (mexicanismo)

The actor Cantinflas wasa funny person

A

una botana

El actor Cantinflas fue una botana

132
Q

pond

puddle

(two words)

A

charca (pond)

charco (puddle)

133
Q

bucket list

A

lista antes de morir

134
Q

ahora v. ahora mismo v ahorita

A

ahora = ahora mismo = en este momento/instante

ahorita = en un momento, el futuro

135
Q

so far

So far, I cannot find tortillas like the tortillas in Mexico

A

hasta ahora

Hasta ahora no puedo encontrar las tortillas como las tortillas en México

136
Q

for the time being

For the time being I am eating tortillas from the supermarket

A

por ahora

Por ahora, estoy comiendo las tortillas del supermercado

137
Q

Brother, Sister, also close friend (Mexicanismo)

My sister is a teacher

A

Carnal, Carnala

Mi carnala es una maestra

138
Q

the job (mexicanismo, northern Mexico)

  • What´s up at the job?*
  • Now, I am going to my job*
A

el jale

  • ¿Qué tal el jale?*
  • Ya me voy a mi jale*
139
Q

orange (fruit)

A

la naranja

140
Q

Orange tree

A

el naranjo

141
Q

orange (color, adjetivo)

  • The carrots are orange*
  • Carrots have the color of an orange*
A

anaranjado/a = naranjado/a (anaranjado is technically more correct)

  • Las zanahorias son anaranjadas*
  • Las zanahorias tienen el color de la naranja*
142
Q

Drink made from oranges + water + (sometimes) sugar

A

la naranjada

143
Q

That´s it! Precisely! Bingo!

A

¡Eso es!

144
Q

Bajo v Abajo (adverbios)

Explain the difference

A

Bajo (condition), Abajo (location)

  • Los zapatos están abajo de la cama*
  • El ladrón está bajo custodia*
145
Q

Shellfish

  • Lobster is a type of shellfish*
  • Lobsters and shrimp are types of shellfish*
A

marisco, mariscos

  • La langosta es un tipo de marisco*
  • Las langostas y los camarones son tipos de mariscos*
146
Q

The passenger gets off the bus at the bus stop.

A
  • El pasajero (se) baja el autobús en la parada de autobús*
  • Note: the “se” pronoun is optional but widely used in Mexico*
147
Q

stranger (adj.)

Five (5) answers are possible

A

desconocido, da (also ungrateful and irreconcilible)

extranjero, ja (from another country)

extraño, ña (also rare, extravagant)

foráneo, ea (forastero, extraño)

forastero, ra (also not native to land)

148
Q

That book is red

That book is blue

That book is green

A

Este libro es rojo

Ese libro es azul

Aquel libro es verde

149
Q

I am going to the market to get some things

A

Estoy por el mercado para conseguir algunas cosas

150
Q

sponsor

We thank our sponsors!

A

patrocinador

!Agradecemos a nuestros patrocinadores!

Spanish (15 decks)

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