gram positive Flashcards
fastidious bacteria which require addition of blood or serum on culture media
streptococci
facultative anaerobes, catalase-negative, and susceptible to dessication
streptococci
type of hemolysis where it produces a narrow zone of incomplete/partial hemolysis indicated by greenish or hazy zones around colonies
alpha
type of hemolysis where it produces wide, clear zones of complete hemolysis.
beta
most pathigenic types of hemolysis
beta
could not be placed in 1 of 6 categories
SIS
usually beta-hemolytic and pathogenic
pyogenic
usually alpha. opportunistic
oral
alpha or non hemolytic cocci found in milk, probably non-pathogenic
lactic
opportunistic, nonhemolytic cocci of the intestinal and respiratory tracts
anaerobic
degrades dna, liquefy vicous inflammatory exudate
dnases
it lysis fibrin
streptokinase
attachment to host epithelial cells
fimbriae
hydrolases NAD of respiratory enzumes killing phagocytes
NADses
attachment and colonization in mucosal surfaces
lipotechoic acid
causes lysis of RBCs and platelets
peptidoglycan
serologic typing based on C-carbohydrates(cell wall polysaccharides)
lancefield grouping
strangles is caused by
streptococcus equi
it is a highly contagious disease in horses that involves the upper respiratory tract with abscessation of regional lymph nodes
strangles
it shows high fever, depression, and anorexia followed by oculonasal discharge that becomes purulent
strangles
submandibular nodes are affected and guttural pouch empyema is a common finding
strangles
prevention and control of strangles
antibiotic, vaccination, drainage of abscesses, cleanliness, disinfection of animal environment and equipment, careful nursing of affected animals
isolation of strangles
routine media, selective blood agar, and mcConkey agar
a diverse group of gram positive that colonizes mucous membrane of mammals but some are found in the skin
actinomycetales
they are usually required enriched media for cultivation
actinomycetales
arcanobacterium pyogenes is changed to
trueperella pyogenes
actinomyces suis is changed to
actinobaculum suis
major characteristics in the classification of bacteria
morphological
chemical component
cultural
antigenic
genetics
pathogenicity
metabolic/biochemical
ecological
ultimate tool for identification of bacteria
genetic make up
majority of these are facultative anaerobes and grows on non-enriched memdia
staphylococcus
colonies of these is growing onblood agar, and they are non-motile, catalase positive and do not form spores
staphylococcus
diagnosis of strangles
specimen
colonial appearance
direct microscopu
what distinguishes the group A streptococci from other hemolytic streptococci
its susceptibility to a 0.04 unit disc of bacitracin
what is the lancefield grouping and type of hemolysis of strepto suis
D and alpha
consequences of infection of strepto suis
septicemia, meningitis, arthritis
usual habitat of strepto susi
tonsils and nasal cavity
strepto agalactiae consequences of action and usual habitat
chronic mastitis in cattle, sheep and in milk ducts
strepto agalactiae lancefield and hemolysis
B beta
atmospheric growth requirements of actinomyces and its usual habitat and site of lesions
facultative anaerobic, capnophile, anaerobic and in nasopharyngeal and oral mucosae
atmospheric growth requirements of actinobacterium and its usual habitat and site of lesions
facultative anaeroboc and capnophilic, in nasopharyngeal mucosa of cattle, sheep and pigs
atmospheric growth requirements of actinobaculum and its usual habitat and site of lesions
anaerobic in prepuce and preputial diverticulum of boars
atmospheric growth requirements of dermatophilus and its usual habitat and site of lesions
aerobic and capnophilic in skin of carrier animals, scabs from lesions
atmospheric growth requirements of nocardia species and its usual habitat and site of lesions
aerobic, soil
what causes abscessation, mastitis, suppurative pneumonia, endometritis, pyometra, arthritis, and umbilical infections in cattle, sheep and pigs
arcanobacterium pyogenes
agent that causes arthritis, pleuritis, cutaeneous and visceral abscessation, peritonitis in dogs
actinomyces hordeovulneris
virulence factor of actinomyces pyogenes
exotoxin that lyse RBCs, proteases
virulence factor of actinomyces viscosus
surface fibril that may serve as adhesins for host cells or other bacteria (coaggregation)
it causes clinical syndromes in dogs indistinguishable from that initiated by nocardia
a. viscosus
2 syndromes initiated by nocardia asteroides and a. viscosus
- localized granulomatous lesions involving the skin and subcutis
- pyothorax with granulomas
specimens of genus actinocetales
specimens like pus, exudates, aspirates, tissue and scrapings from wall of abscess and sections of granulomas in 10% formalin for histopath
have a characteristic of a molar tooth colonies and Gram pos filamentous microscopic morphology
actinomyces spp
invasion of the mandible, less commonly in maxilla, causes chronic osteomyelitis referred to as
lumpy jaw
trauma to mucosa from rough feed or through dental alveoli during tooth eruption
lumpy jaw
majority of these are facultative anerobes and grow on non-enriched media, non motile and catalase positive. they do not form spores and are stable in environment
staphylococcus
this shields staphylococci form phagocytic cells
fibrin deposition
what virulent factor ables staphylococci to convert fibrinogen to fibrin
coagulase
enzymes which contribute to virulence in staphylo
lipase, esterases, elastase, staphylokinase
surface component which binds Fc portion of IgG and inhibits opsonization
protein a
cytolytic destruction of phagocytes of some animal species
leukocidin
the major toxin in gangrenous mastitis. causes spasm of smooth muscle and is necrotizing and potentially lethal
alpha toxin(alpha hemolysin)
a sphingomyelinase which damages cell membranes
beta toxin
responsible for desquamation in staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in humans
exfoliative toxins
heat stable toxins asscoated with staphylococcal food poisoning in humans
enterotoxins
clinical conditions of staphyloccus aureus in cattle
mastitis or udder impetigo
.The predominant pattern of staphylococcal infections is
supporation and abscess formation
it causes mastitis and dermatitis in goats
staohylococcus aureus
causes bumblefoot, omphalitis in chicks and arthritis and septiccemia in turkeys
staphylococcus aureus
botryomycosis of the spermatic cord
scirrhous cord
causes scirrhous cord in horses
staphylococcus aureus
what clinical condition is given by staphylococcus intermedius to dogs
pyoderma, endometritis, cystitis, otitis externa,
greasy pig disease is caused by bacteria
staphylococcus hyicus
botryomycosis of mammary gland in pigs is caused by
staphylococcus aureus
mastitis, tick pyaemia, benign folliculitis, dermatitis in sheep is caused by
staphylococcus aureus
streptococci canis lancefield and haemolysis
g beta
causes neonatal septicemia, suppurative conditions, toxic shock syndrome in carnivores
streptococcus canis
usually proliferates in the buccal cavity, or vagina of cattle and causes acute mastitis
streptococcus dysgalactiae
causes abortion in cattle
actinomyces viscosus
