gram pos part 2 Flashcards
nocardia asteroides in dogs disease
canine nocardiosis
nocardia asteroides in cattle
chronic mastitis and abortion
what causes bovine farcy in cattle
nocardia farcinica
what is the cahracteristic of nocardia on sabouraud dextrose agar
colonies are orange coloured and wrinkled
virulence factor of nocardi
mycolic acid, nocardial lipids and superoxide dismutase
pathogenesis of nocardia
transmitted through inhalation, ingestion, and skin wounds. infection begins as a nodule or pustule that ruptures and there will be suppuration with subsequent induration
it has the ability to survive within phagocytic vacuoles by preventing phagolysosome formation
nocardia
treatment of nocardia
surgical debridement and drainage of lesions
antimicrobials like trimethoprim
trimethoprim antimicrobials
sulfamethoxazole, sulfanamide, erythromycin
the only species in the genus nocardia, and maintain itself in small foci of infection on a carrier animal or material within scab particles in dust
dermatophilus congolensis
transmission of d. congolensis
direct contact, splashing effect of heavy rains, insect activity
virulence factor of d. congolensis
keratinolytic activity
an activity that resists phagocytosis by growing into aggregates or filaments sufficiently enough to discourage ingestion
keratinolytic
pathogenicity of d. congolensis
causes skin infection
disease caused by d. conglensis
strawberry footrot, lumpy wool or rainscald streptothricosis, dermatophilosis and grease heal
specimen of d. congolensis
- a tuft of hair is plucked from the lesion with scab material adhering to it
what stain is used in d. congolensis
gram or giemsa
prevention of d. congolensis
grazing areas are cleared of throny scrub and tick infestation should be reduced by dipping to acaricides
treatment of d. congo
long acting oxytetracyclines, penicilllin, streptomyces
opportunistic pathogen of young foals with 2 morph. forms
rhodococcus equi
has mucoid salmon pink colonies
rhod
can survive and replicate intracellularly, mostly within mononuclear phagocytes
rhod
for persistent infection in severely immunodefficient mice
VApA
virulence factor of rhod
interference with endosomal maturation following phagocytosis and suppressing the acidification.
capsule
prod. of phospholipase c and cholesterol oxidase
Pathogenesi of Suppurative bronchopneumonia in foal
airosolized virulent R .equi inhaled through dust→ reached the lungs and alveoli→ survive and replicate inside
alveolar macrophages→ necrosis of macrophage→ pyogranulomatous lesions in the lungs
When cough up and swallowed in large numbers, the bacteria enter M cells of the intestine and cause pyogranulomas in
GALT and intestinal lymph nodes
rhod equi enteritis
specimen in rhod
tracheal wash or aspirates for culture
colonial morph of rhod
colonies are small, smooth,
shiny, and non- hemolytic after 24h of incubation,
colonial morph of rhod as it ages
larger, mucoid, salmon pink in color
in camp, it shows shovel effect against S. aureus; enhancement of staphylococcal beta
hemolysin
rhod
control and prevention of rhod
vaccination of vapA
removal of feces
disinfect the soil
catalase positive, oxidase negative, faculattive anaerobes
coryne and listeria
vir factor of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
attributed to the hemolytic toxin which has phospholipase activity to the cell
wall lipids
e pyogenic bacteria causing a variety of suppurative conditions
corynebacteria
transmission of c. pseudotuberculosis
contamination of shearing, docking wounds and through arthropods bites or contaminated dips
characterized by the lamellar (“onion-ring”) appearance
containing yellow- green viscous pus with a toothpaste-like consistency
lymph node in corynebacteru=ium
specimens of corynebacterium
pus or exudates, midstream urine
(Chinese letter appearance
coryne
isolation in coryne
sheep or ox blood agar
colonial morph of c. bovis
small white dry non hemo
colonial morph of c. kutscheri
small, whitish colonies that bear a resemblance to those of C.pseudotuberculosis. Occasional strains are
haemolytic
colonial morph of c. pseudotuber
small, white, dry colonies surrounded by a narrow zone of haemolysis after 48-72h of incubation
disease caused by c. bovis
subclinical mastitis in teat cistern
c renale and pilosum in cattle disease
cystitis, pyelonerphritis
treatment and control of coryne
since antibiotic is ineffective, culling or segregation and bacterin toxoid is reco
small gram pos rods found in herbage and fresh water which may be present in feces and sewage effluent
listeria
what ph level is tolerated by listeria
5.5 to 9.6
motile at 25C with tumbling movement
listeria
what causes meningoencephalitis in sheep
listerai innocua
has the ability to invade both phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells
l. monocytogenes
Able to replicate intracellularly and to transfer from cell to cell without exposure to humoral defense mechanisms
listeria
small transparent colonies with smooth borders appear on blood agar in 24 hrs, becoming
greyish white and 0.5-2.0 mm in diameter in 48 hrs.
colonial appearance of listeria
produces wide zone of hemolysis
l. ivanovii
produces narrow zone of hemolysis
l. monocytogenes
(aggregartion of leukocytes
on the perivascular space)
perivascular cuffing
isolation of listeria
ox or sheep agar
macconkey
selective media
in l. monocytogenes, how do we observe its tumbling motility
hanging drop ethod
–umbrella-shaped, sub surface growth in semi- solid motility medium
listeria spp
Intraperitoneal inoculation of listeris to mice
death within 5 days with necrotic lesions in the liver
prevention and control of listeria
active immunization with viable l. mono
use of good quality low ph silage
serious invasive disease that primarily afflicts pregnant women, neonates and immunocompromised adults.
listeriosis
The causative organism, Listeria monocytogenes, is primarily transmitted to humans through
contaminated foods
smooth form of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
gram pos slender rods
up to 50% of pigs are carriers of what
erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
coagulase positive and h2s isproduced
erysipelothrix rhusiopatjiae
causes septicemia, diamond lesions, chronic arthritis, chronic valvular endocarditis in pigs
erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
-widespread in the environment with proliferation in organic matter
erysipelothrix rhusiopatjiae
-animal and bird, slime layer of fish, commonly associated with pigs (soil and slurry of piggeries), feces and tonsils
of carrier pigs
erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
virulence factors of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
neuraminidases
hyaluronidase
inflammatory cytokines
capsules
acute form of disease of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
speticemic and cutaenous form
chronic form of disease in ery
arthritis and vegetative endocarditis
raised ,rhomboid, reddish ,purpluish lesion (diamond-shaped lesions are pathognomonic) encircled in red
swine erysipelas
transmission of ery
ingestion of contaminated material, wound infections, and arthropod bites
localized cellulitis)
erysipeloid
skin ulcers, painful, erythematous,
but not purulent (encircled in green)
erysipeloid
what bacteria is zoonotoc
erys`
specimens in erys
liver kideny spleen heart and synovial fluid
what morph of erys is seen in acute cases
rodsh
what morph of erys is seen in chronic cases
filamentous
isolation of erys
sheep of blood agar
medium used for isolation of erys
selective medium that contains sodium azide, and crysrtal violet (Natellurite)
what to observe in erys in Nutrient agar at room temp for 5 days
bottle brush pattern of growth
prevention an dcontrol of erys
> proper disposal of infected carcass
isolate and introduce replacement animals into the herd at least 30 days into the herd
good sanitation and nutrition
treatment of erys
penicillin, tetracycline, tylosin
