Gram Negative Bacteria Flashcards
What are Gram negative organisms split into?
Cocci, Bacilli and Cocco-Bacilli
What are Bacilli divided into?
Aerobic, anaerobic (facultive and non) and microaerophilic
Subgroups of anaerobic bacilli
Lactose fermenters and non-lactose fermenters
Examples of anaerobic lactose fermenters
- Escherichia Coli
- Klebsiella Spp.
Escherichia Coli
- Anaerobic lactose fermenters
- UTI
- Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli - bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemia syndrome
- Enterotoxogenic E. coli - Traveller’s diarrhoea
Klebsiella Spp.
- Anaerobic lactose fermenter
- UTI
- Hospital aquired pneumonia
Examples of anaerobic non-lactose fermenters
- Proteus Spp.
- Shigella Spp.
- Pseudomonas Spp.
- Salmonella Spp.
Shigella Spp.
- Anaerobic non-lactose fermenter
- Diarrhoea
- Dysentery (blood & pus in stools)
Proteus Spp.
- Anaerobic non-lactose fermenter
- UTI
Pseudomonas Spp.
- Anaerobic non-lactose fermenter
- Water and soil coloniser - drains, sinks, mops
- May contaminate medical equipment
- Hospital aquired cause of sepsis - UTI, bacteraemia, pneumonia
Salmonella Spp.
- Anaerobic non-lactose fermenter
- Diarrhoea
- Salmonella Enterica
- Salmonella Typhi - typhoid fever and constipation
Example of an aerobic bacillus
Legionella Spp.
Examples of curved microaerophilic bacilli
- Campylobacter Spp.
- Helicobacter Pylori
- Vibro Cholerae
Campylobacter Spp.
- Curved microaerophilic bacillus
- Likes low O2
- Faecal-oral route
- Source is domestic animals, chicken
- Foul smelling then blood diarrhoea
Helicobacter Pylori
- Curved microaerophilic bacillus
- Human stomach habitat
- Damages mucosa and causes ulcers
- Risk of gastric adenocarcinoma
Vibrio cholerae
- Curved microaerophilic bacillus
- Cholera
- Severe diarrhoea
- Water contaminated with human faeces
Examples of anaerobic bacilli
- Bacteroides Fragilis
- Porphromonas Spp.
- Prevotella Spp.
Bacteroides Fragilis
- Anaerobic bacillus
- Normal colonic flora
- intra-abdominal abscess
Porphromonas and Prevotella (oral anaerobe)
- Anaerobic bacilli
- Periodontal disease
- Dental abscesses
- Aspiration pneumonia
Example of a cocci-bacilli and what is causes
Haemophilus Influenza
- Respiratory tract infection
- Capsulated form (type B) caused meningitis in children - Him conjugate vaccine
Examples of aerobic cocci
- Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
- Moraxella Catarrhalis
- Neisseria Meningitidis
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
- Aerobic cocci
- Urethritis in men
- Pelvic inflammatory disease in women
- STI
Neisseria Meningitidis
- Aerobic cocci
- Meningitis - inflammation of the meninges and septicaemia
- Treated with IV penicillin
- Groups A,B and C but vaccine available for only A and C
Moraxella Catarrhalis
- Aerobic cocci
- Respiratory tract infection
