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GP > GP Week 6 > Flashcards

GP Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Diagnostic criteria for primary headache in adults: Episodic tension-type

A
  1. Headache lasting 30 minutes to 7 days
  2. At least two of:
    a) bilateral location
    b) non-pulsating quality
    c) mild to moderate pain intensity
    d) not worsened by routine physical activity
  3. Neither of:
    a) nausea and/or vomiting
    b) photophobia and/or phonophobia
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2
Q

The following are diagnostic criteria for which primary headache in adults?

  1. Headache lasting 30 minutes to 7 days
  2. At least two of:
    a) bilateral location
    b) non-pulsating quality
    c) mild to moderate pain intensity
    d) not worsened by routine physical activity
  3. Neither of:
    a) nausea and/or vomiting
    b) photophobia and/or phonophobia
A
  1. Episodic tension-type
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3
Q

Diagnostic criteria for primary headache in adults: Migraine.

A
  1. Headache lasting 4 - 72 hours.
  2. At least two of the following:
    a) unilateral location
    b) pulsating quality
    c) moderate to sever pain intensity
    d) worsened by routine physical activity
  3. At least one of the following:
    a) nausea and/ or vomiting
    b) photophobia AND phonophobia
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4
Q

The following are diagnostic criteria for which primary headache in adults?

  1. Headache lasting 4 - 72 hours.
  2. At least two of the following:
    a) unilateral location
    b) pulsating quality
    c) moderate to sever pain intensity
    d) worsened by routine physical activity
  3. At least one of the following:
    a) nausea and/ or vomiting
    b) photophobia AND phonophobia
A
  1. Migraine
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5
Q

Diagnostic criteria for primary headache in adults: Cluster.

A
  1. Headache lasting 15 - 180 minutes.
  2. Must have both:
    a) unilateral location
    b) severe to very severe pain around/ or above
    the eye and/ or temple.
  3. At least one of the following:
    a) conjunctival injection and/ or lacrimation
    b) nasal congestion and/ or rhinorrhoea
    c) eyelid oedema
    d) forehead and facial sweating
    e) constricted pupil and/ or ptosis
    f) restlessness or agitation
  4. At least five attacks.
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6
Q

The following are diagnostic criteria for which primary headache in adults?

  1. Headache lasting 15 - 180 minutes.
  2. Must have both:
    a) unilateral location
    b) severe to very severe pain around/ or above
    the eye and/ or temple.
  3. At least one of the following:
    a) conjunctival injection and/ or lacrimation
    b) nasal congestion and/ or rhinorrhoea
    c) eyelid oedema
    d) forehead and facial sweating
    e) constricted pupil and/ or ptosis
    f) restlessness or agitation
  4. At least five attacks.
A
  1. Cluster
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7
Q

GP adrenaline preparation, administration site and dose for anaphylaxis.

A
  1. 1:1000 adrenaline
  2. 0.01 mg/ Kg IM (Max dose 0.5 mg)
  3. Lateral thigh
  4. Repeat every 3 - 5 minutes
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8
Q

GP management of hypotension in anaphylaxis.

A
  1. Large bore IV
  2. Normal saline bolus at 20 mL/ Kg
  3. Consider additional bolus or IV adrenaline if not responsive to treatment
  4. If at hospital consider - metaraminol
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9
Q

Laboratory investigation for anaphylaxis.

A
  1. Mast cell tryptase (MCT)
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10
Q

Post acute GP care of anaphylaxis patient.

A
  1. Anaphylaxis management plan.
  2. Referral to immunologist
  3. Subcutaneous immunotherapy for insect allergy
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11
Q

What causes acute bronchiolitis?

A
  1. 80% Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
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12
Q

Treatment for mild to moderate croup.

A
  1. Prednisolone 1 mg/ Kg
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13
Q

Treatment for severe croup.

A
  1. Nebulised adrenaline - 4 ml 1:1000
    AND
  2. IM/IV Dexamethasone 0.06 mg/ Kg (Max 12 mg)
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14
Q

Signs and symptoms of meningococcal sepsis in children.

A
  1. Fever
  2. Reduced feeding
  3. Myalgia/ arthralgia
  4. Petechiae/ purpura
  5. Cold/ discoloured extremities
  6. Lethargy/ drowsiness/ confusion
  7. Shock
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15
Q
  1. Fever
  2. Reduced feeding
  3. Myalgia/ arthralgia
  4. Petechiae/ purpura
  5. Cold/ discoloured extremities
  6. Lethargy/ drowsiness/ confusion
  7. Shock
A

Signs and symptoms of meningococcal sepsis in children.

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16
Q

Signs and symptoms of meningococcal meningitis.

A
  1. Fever
  2. Headache
  3. Irritability
  4. Lethargy/ drowsiness/ confusion
  5. Vomiting
  6. Neck stiffness
  7. Photophobia
  8. Positive Kernig sign
  9. Positive Brudzinski sign
17
Q
  1. Fever
  2. Headache
  3. Irritability
  4. Lethargy/ drowsiness/ confusion
  5. Vomiting
  6. Neck stiffness
  7. Photophobia
  8. Positive Kernig sign
  9. Positive Brudzinski sign
A

Signs and symptoms of meningococcal meningitis.

18
Q

Pain on flexing hip to 90 degrees and knee extended.

A
  1. Positive Kernig sign.
19
Q

How is a positive Kernig sign for meningococcal meningitis displayed?

A
  1. Pain on flexing hip to 90 degrees

2. Knees extended

20
Q

Flexing neck causes flexion of hips and knees.

A
  1. Positive Brudzinski sign
21
Q

How is a positive Brudzinski sign for meningococcal meningitis displayed?

A
  1. Flexing neck causes flexion of hips and knees.
22
Q

First choice antibiotics for GPs in the treatment of meningococcal emergency.

A

Either:
1. Benzylpenicillin
OR
2. 3rd Generation cephalosporin - (ceftriaxone or cefotaxime)

23
Q

Paediatric GCS: Verbal scoring for Infants

A
  1. Coos, babbles, fixes, follows.
  2. Irritable, cries but consolable.
  3. Cries to pain, inconsolable.
  4. Moans to pain.
  5. No response.
24
Q

Paediatric GCS: Motor scoring for Infants.

A
  1. Moves spontaneously
  2. Withdraws to touch.
  3. Withdraws from pain.
  4. Decorticate to pain.
  5. Decerebrate to pain.
  6. No response.
25
Q

Normal respiratory rates for paediatrics.

A
  1. Infant: 30 - 60
  2. Toddler: 24 - 40
  3. Preschooler: 22 -34
  4. School aged: 18 - 30
  5. Adolescent: 12 - 16
26
Q

Normal heart rates for paediatrics.

A
  1. Infant: 100 - 160
  2. Toddler: 90 - 150
  3. Preschooler: 80 - 140
  4. School aged: 70 - 120
  5. Adolescent: 60 - 100
27
Q

Minimum systolic blood pressures in mmHg for paediatrics.

A
  1. Infant: > 60
  2. Toddler: > 70
  3. Preschooler: > 75
  4. School aged: > 80
  5. Adolescent: > 90
28
Q

Physiological differences in children: Airways.

A
  1. Head is proportionately larger
  2. Neck is shorter
  3. Trachea is more malleable
  4. Larger tongue
  5. Horse shoe epiglottis
  6. Obligate nasal breathers as infants
29
Q
  1. Head is proportionately larger
  2. Neck is shorter
  3. Trachea is more malleable
  4. Larger tongue
  5. Horse shoe epiglottis
  6. Obligate nasal breathers as infants
A
  1. Physiological differences in children: Airways.
30
Q

Physiological differences in children: Breathing.

A
  1. Small diameter throughout respiratory system
  2. Diaghragmatic breathing as infants
  3. Horizontal ribs as infants
  4. Increased metabolic rate
  5. Increased oxygen consumption
  6. Resulting in increased respiratory rates.
31
Q
  1. Small diameter throughout respiratory system
  2. Diaghragmatic breathing as infants
  3. Horizontal ribs as infants
  4. Increased metabolic rate
  5. Increased oxygen consumption
  6. Resulting in increased respiratory rates.
A
  1. Physiological differences in children: Breathing.
32
Q

Physiological differences in children: Circulation

A
  1. Small stroke volume that increase with age
  2. Relatively higher cardiac output, facilitated by higher heart rates
  3. Lower systemic vascular resistance
  4. Lower blood volume but higher circulating rate 80 - 100 ml.
33
Q
  1. Small stroke volume that increase with age
  2. Relatively higher cardiac output, facilitated by higher heart rates
  3. Lower systemic vascular resistance
  4. Lower blood volume but higher circulating rate 80 - 100 ml.
A
  1. Physiological differences in children: Circulation

GP (7 decks)

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