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CORRELATION 2 REVIEWER > GOP > Flashcards

GOP Flashcards

1
Q

Surrounded by 3 major plates

A

Philippine Mobile belt

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2
Q

the 3 plates surrounding the Philippine Mobile Belt?

A
  1. Pacific Plate
  2. Eurasian Plate
  3. Indo-Australian plate
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3
Q

The Pacific Plate is moving ______ at ______ per year.

A

Northwest , 80mm

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4
Q

The Eurasian Plate is moving ______ per year

A

3mm

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5
Q

the fastest moving plate

A

Indo-Australian plate

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6
Q

Indo-Australian plate moves _______ at _______mm/yr

A

Northward motion, 107

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7
Q

Eurasian Plate is composed of

A

Entirely continental crust except at the marginal basin

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8
Q

Pacific Plate is composed of

A

Oceanic crust

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9
Q

Fixed / stable plate since 50 Ma (late miocene)

A

Eurasian plate

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10
Q

Age of Pacific Plate

A

150 Ma (Late Jurassic)

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11
Q

Evidence used to identify the rotation/ manifestation that happened 25 MY

A

Emperor Seamount

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12
Q

Why does the Pacific Plate only age up to 150 MY?

A

Because the material there are being SUBDUCTED

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13
Q

Kinematics reorganization of the Pacific Plate happened during

A
  1. 43 MY (eocene) at 5° Counter clockwise (NNW to WNW)
  2. 5 MY (miocene) at 10° Clockwise
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14
Q

2 components of the Indo-Australian plate

A

Continental and Oceanic

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15
Q

The continental component of Indo-Australian plate

A

India and Australia

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16
Q

The oceanic component of Indo-Australian plate

A

Indian Ocean

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17
Q

Australia and India separated because?

A

The development of MOR

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18
Q

The separation of Australia and India started _______ and cease during ______

A

150 MY (Late Jurassic) (start) ; 43MY (Middle Eocene) (end)

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19
Q

Pacific Plate subducts at

A
  1. Under Eurasian plate along Japan trench
  2. Along Bonin-Marianas Yap trench system; under Philippine Sea plate.
  3. Under Indo-Australian, east of New Zealand.
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20
Q

The India part of the Indo-Australian plate collides with

A

Eurasian plate (in the Himalayas)

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21
Q

The Philippine Sea Plate is subdivided to

A
  1. Ocean Basin
  2. Submarine Ridges
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22
Q

West Philippine Basin is composed of

A

3 submarine plateau

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23
Q

3 submarine plateau in the West Philippine Basin

A
  1. Benham Rise
  2. Urdaneta Plateau
  3. Anami oki-daito ridges
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24
Q

Base on _________, West Philippine Basin is age 35 MY to 60 MY

A

Paleomagnetic Data

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25
Q

West Philippine Basin is age 42 to 53 MY based on

A

Deep sea Drilling

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26
Q

The oceanic portion of Indo - Australian Plate subducts under Eurasian Plate along the ____________

A

Java Trench

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27
Q

Occupies almost 50% of the Philippine Sea Plate

A

West Philippine Basin

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28
Q

An extinct MOR in the WPB

A

Central Basin Fault

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29
Q

Central basin fault trends from ________ to _______

A

WNW to ESE

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30
Q

The one responsible for the spreading or generation of the WPB

A

Central Basin Fault

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31
Q

Stages of Opening of WPB

A
  1. 60 and 45 MY at NE-SW (4.4 cm/year of half spreading rate)
  2. 45 and 35 MY at NS orientation (1.8 cm/yr)
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32
Q

2 models for the WPB’s Origin

A
  1. Trapped Oceanic Basin
  2. Back Arc Basin
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33
Q

Trapped Oceanic Basin states that

A

WPB is enclosed by older ridges

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34
Q

Back Arc Basin Model states that

A

As subduction goes along, if the slab is older and colder it will therefore be pushed back or roll back because it gets heavier and as it rolls back it pulls/ trigger the spreading of the central basin faults which causes the generation of the WPB

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35
Q

The Philippine Island is located at

A

Philippine Mobile Belt

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36
Q

During the Opening of the WPB the _________ correspond to a relict volcanic arc that travelled to the NE. (According to Back Arc Basin Model)

A

Oki - Daito

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37
Q

An Oceanic Crust Basin that accelerates on a N-S spreading axis

A

Parece Vela - Shikoku Basin

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38
Q

The 1st Stage of the opening of the PVSB starts at ______ and correspond to ________

A

30 Ma ; Parece Vela

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39
Q

The 2nd Stage of the opening of the PVSB starts at ________ and correspond to ________

A

10 Ma; Shikoku

40
Q

The PVSB stops it movement at

A

17 Ma

41
Q

It is a presently active Basin and opens around 6 Ma

A

Marianas Basin

42
Q

The Opening of the MB is usually associated with

A

an eastward migration of the subduction of the Pacific Plate under the Philippine Sea Plate

43
Q

Poorly known portion on the Southern extremity of the PSP

A

Ayu Basin

44
Q

It divides the WPB and the PVSB

A

Palau - Kyushu Ridge

45
Q

Palau - Kyushu Ridge traverse the PSP for _________ km

A

2500 km

46
Q

Palau - Kyushu Ridge is considered as a relic volcanic arc of the _________ to _________ age

A

Middle Eocene to Oligocene

47
Q

Following the Trapped Basin Model the Palau - Kyushu Ridge what happened at 43 Ma

A

Transform fault to subduction

48
Q

Following the Trapped Basin Model the Palau - Kyushu Ridge what happened at 30 Ma

A

the subduction retreated eastward

49
Q

Eastern limit of the Shikoku Basin

A

Izu - Bonin Ridge

50
Q

Izu - Bonin Ridge Represent the volcanic arc of the present active __________ colliding with the ____________

A

Bonin Trench ; Japanese Margin (Izu Peninsula)

51
Q

Two branches of Izu - Bonin Ridge towards south

A
  1. West Marianas Ridge
  2. East Marianas Ridge
52
Q

An ancient volcanic arc active between 20 to 9 Ma

A

West Marianas Ridge

53
Q

Volcanic Arc of the presently active Marianas Trench

A

East Marianas Ridge

54
Q

Defines the W and E limits of Marianas Basin

A

East Marianas Ridge

55
Q

Tectonic Nature of the Boundaries of the PSP

A
  1. To the E, defined by the Bonin – Marianas – Yap
    Trench system
  2. To NW, subducts under the Japanese Archipelago
    along the Nankai and Ryukyu Trench
  3. Collides with the Eurasian Margin in Taiwan
  4. To SW, subducts into Philippine Archipelago along
    Philippine Trench System
56
Q

Present Day Kinematics of the PSP

A

NW displacement direction

57
Q

3 Main Kinematic parameters of PSP with Respect to Eurasia

A
  1. Rotation pole located NE of Japan
  2. Relative displacement rate that varies from N to
    S along the western edge of the PSP, from 3
    cm/yr in the latitude of the Nankai Trough to
    around 9 cm/yr on the southern end of the
    Philippine Trench
  3. Relative displacement direction whose azimuth is
    directed N55W near Taiwan with a linear velocity
    around 7 cm/yr
58
Q

The reorganization of the Old Kinematics of the PSP happened

A

4 Ma

59
Q

The Marginal Basins that has an affinity with the Eurasian Plate

A
  1. South China Sea Basin
  2. Sulu Sea Basin
  3. Celebes Sea Basin
60
Q

South China sea has a depth of

A

4km

61
Q

South China Sea opened during

A

32 and 17 Ma

62
Q

The opening of South China Sea was preceded by

A

Rifting

63
Q

The rifting that happened after the opening of South China sea could have take place

A

Between late Cretaceous and Late Eocene

64
Q

2 stages of opening in South China Sea

A
  1. 32 to 17 Ma; along E-W axis
  2. 20 to 17 Ma ; along NE-SE axis
65
Q

Situated immediately to the Southeast of Palawan.

A

Sulu Sea Basin

66
Q

Composed of two sub-basin that are separated by an E-NE trending the Cagayan de Sulu ridge

A

Sulu sea Basin

67
Q

Located at SE of Sulu Basin and Aulu-Zamboanga Arc.

A

Celebes sea basin

68
Q

Has an age of Eocene age (around 55 to 42Ma) based on the ENE-WSW oriented magnetic anomalies

A

Celebes Sea Basin

69
Q

The assigned age of Celebes Sea Basin was supported by

A

Results of Radiolarian dating of Pelagic Sediments

70
Q

West dipping Subduction zone.

A

Philippine Trench and East Luzon Through

71
Q

East dipping Subduction zone

A

Manila trench, Negros trench, and Cotabato trench

72
Q

Responsible for the volcanic arc traced from Bicol to Leyte

A

Philippine Trench

73
Q

Westward Subduction of PSP under them eastern Philippine arc

A

Philippine Trench

74
Q

Presently shows signs of movement

A

East Luzon trough

75
Q

Subduction of the oceanic crust if S. China sea under the Luzon Arc

A

Manila trench

76
Q

Oceanic crust of the Sulu Sea Basin is being consumed

A

Negros trench

77
Q

It’s subduction is marked by the presence of an arc.

A

Negros trench

78
Q

A left lateral strike slip fault in Mindanao that links the Cotabato Trench and negros trench

A

Cotabato fault.

79
Q

Consumes the celebes sea basin, and the corresponding volcanic arc can be found on the Western margins

A

Cotabato Trench

80
Q

The Geology of the PMB is subdivided to

A
  1. Metamorphic Rocks
  2. Ophiolites and Ophiolitic Belts
  3. Magmatic Arcs
  4. Sedimentary Basins
81
Q

Pre - Cretaceous Metamorphic Rocks of Continental Origin:

A
  1. Carmaoy Schist
  2. Halcon Metamorphics
  3. Romblon Metamorphics
  4. Buruang Metamorphics
  5. Tungauan Schist
82
Q

Cretaceous Metamorphic Rock of Insular Arc Affinity:

A

Basic to Ultramafic in character

83
Q

The Pre – Cretaceous Metamorphic Rocks of Continental Origin is characterized by __________ and concentrated on the _________________

A

high Silica ; Western Portion of the Philippines

84
Q

The Cretaceous Metamorphic Rock of Insular Arc Affinity do not extend beyond ___________

A

Paleogene

85
Q

Complete Ophiolites

A
  1. Zambales
  2. Isabela
  3. Palawan
  4. Pujada
86
Q

Youngest Ophiolite

A

Mindoro (Amnay)

87
Q

Oldest Magmatic Arc

A

Cebu (Cretaceous)

88
Q

Ages of the ancient magmatic arc in the Philippines

A
  1. Cretaceous
  2. Early Eocene to Oligocene
  3. Middle Miocene to Late Miocene
  4. Miocene to Pliocene
  5. Plio - Pleistocene
89
Q

Active Volcanic Arcs

A
  1. Luzon Volcanic Arc
  2. East - Philippine Arc
  3. Negros - Panay Arc
  4. Sulu - Zamboanga Arc
  5. Cotabato Arc
90
Q

Sedimentary Basin that are PMB Affinity

A
  1. Ilocos - Central Luzon Basin
  2. Cagayan Valley Basin
  3. Southern Luzon - Bicol Basin
  4. Mindoro Basin
  5. Iloilo Basin
  6. Visayan Sea Basin
  7. Samar Basin
  8. Agusan - Davao Basin
  9. Cotabato Basin
91
Q

Sedimentary thickness of Ilocos Central Luzon Basin

A

8000m / 8 km

92
Q

Sedimentary thickness of Cagayan Valley Basin

A

8,100m / 8.1 km

93
Q

Sedimentary thickness of Southern Luzon - Bicol Basin

A

4,600 m / 4.6 km

94
Q

Sedimentary thickness of Iloilo Basin

A

5,000m / 5km

95
Q

Sedimentary thickness of Visayan Sea Basin

A

4,000 / 4 km

96
Q

Sedimentary thickness of Agusan - Davao Basin

A

12,000 m / 12km

97
Q

Sedimentary thickness of Cotabato Basin

A

8,000 m / 8km

CORRELATION 2 REVIEWER (22 decks)

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