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PT 413 Therapeutic Skills > Goniometry (Knee and Ankle) > Flashcards

Goniometry (Knee and Ankle) Flashcards

1
Q

Knee goniometer alignment

A
  • Fulcrum: lateral femoral epicondyle
  • Prox. Arm: greater trochanter
  • Dist. Arm: lateral malleolus
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2
Q

Knee Flexion ROM

A

0-130/140º

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3
Q

Knee Extension ROM

A

0º

*(0-5/10º in children)

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4
Q

Knee Flexion positioning and stablization

A
  1. Supine with a towel under ankles
  2. Bring leg up to 90º hip flexion
  3. Hold hip position with one hand and flex lower leg toward butt.
  4. Stabilize the femur
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5
Q

Knee flexion end feel

A

(End Feel is soft but might be firm because of tension in quad muscles)

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6
Q

Knee extension positioning and stabilization

A
  • Measured at starting position of knee flexion
  • Stabilize the femur
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7
Q

Knee extension end feel

A

Firm

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8
Q

Ankle goniometer alignment for flexion

A
  • Fulcrum: Lateral aspect of lateral malleolus
  • Prox. Arm: head of fibula, using lateral midline
  • Dist. Arm: parallel to lateral aspect of 5th metatarsal
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9
Q

Ankle goniometer alignment for extension

A
  • Fulcrum: Lateral aspect of lateral malleolus
  • Prox. Arm: head of fibula, using lateral midline
  • Dist. Arm:parallel to lateral aspect of 5th metatarsal
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10
Q

Ankle goniometer alignment for eversion (tarsal)

A
  • Fulcrum: anterior aspect of ankle between malleoli
  • Prox. Arm: ant. Midline of lower leg using tibial tuberosity
  • Dist. Arm: ant. Midline of 2nd metatarsal
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11
Q

Ankle goniometer alignment for inversion (tarsal)

A
  • Fulcrum: anterior aspect of ankle between malleoli
  • Prox. Arm: ant. Midline of lower leg using tibial tuberosity
  • Dist. Arm: ant. Midline of 2nd metatarsal
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12
Q

Plantarflexion ROM

A

0-45/55º

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13
Q

Plantarflexion end feel

A

Firm

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14
Q

Dorsiflexion ROM

A

0-15/20º

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15
Q

Dorsiflexion end feel

A

Firm

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16
Q

Tarsal inversion ROM

A

0-30/35º

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17
Q

Tarsal inversion end feel

A

Firm

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18
Q

Tarsal eversion ROM

A

0-15/20º

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19
Q

Tarsal eversion end feel

A

Hard

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20
Q

Subtalar inversion ROM

A

0-5/25º

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21
Q

Subtalar inversion end feel

A

Firm

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22
Q

Subtalar eversion ROM

A

0-5/12º

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23
Q

Subtalar eversion end feel

24
Q

Plantarflexion positioning

A
  • Sitting with knee flexion to 90º
  • Making sure ankle is in 0º inversion/eversion
  • Can also be done in supine or prone for a non-weight bearing position
25
Q

Dorsiflexion positioning

A
  • Sitting with knee flexion to 90º
  • Making sure ankle is in 0º inversion/eversion
  • Can also be done in supine or prone for a non-weight bearing position
26
Q

Talar Inversion positioning

A
  • Sitting with knee flexion to 90º
  • Lower leg on edge of a supporting surface
  • Hip should be in 0º abduction, adduction, and rotation
27
Q

Talar eversion positioning

A
  • Sitting with knee flexion to 90º
  • Lower leg on edge of a supporting surface
  • Hip should be in 0º abduction, adduction, and rotation
28
Q

Ely Test (Rectus Femoris length evaluation) Testing Plane

29
Q

Ely Test (Rectus Femoris length evaluation) Testing Position

A

Prone with both feet off the end of the table.

30
Q

Ely Test (Rectus Femoris length evaluation) Limb Position

A

Knees and hips begin at 0 degrees.

31
Q

Ely Test (Rectus Femoris length evaluation) Stabilization

A

Stabilize the hip; do not allow the hip to flex.

32
Q

Ely Test (Rectus Femoris length evaluation) Testing Motion

A
  • Flex the knee by lifting the lower leg off the table;
  • the end of ROM is when resistance is felt from the anterior thigh and further knee flexión causes the hip to flex.
33
Q

Ely Test (Rectus Femoris length evaluation) Goniometer Alignment

A
  • Fulcrum: lateral epicondyle of the femur
  • Proximal Arm: lateral midline of femur (greater trochanter for reference)
  • Distal Arm: lateral midline of fibula (lateral malleolus as reference)
34
Q

Ely Test (Rectus Femoris length evaluation) Interpretation

A

Normal: knee can be flexed at least 90 degrees

35
Q

Ely Test (Rectus Femoris length evaluation) End Feel

36
Q

Distal Hamstring Length Test (passive knee extension) Testing Plane

37
Q

Distal Hamstring Length Test (passive knee extension) Testing Position

A

Supine with the hip on the side being tested in 90 degrees of flexion and 0 degrees of ABD/ADD/Rotation.

38
Q

Distal Hamstring Length Test (passive knee extension) Stabilization

39
Q

Distal Hamstring Length Test (passive knee extension) Testing Motion

A
  1. Extend the knee to the end of ROM.
  2. The end of testing motion is when resistance is felt from tension in the posterior thigh and further knee extension causes the hip to extend.
40
Q

Distal Hamstring Length Test (passive knee extension) Goniometer Alignment

A
  • Fulcrum: lateral epicondyle of the femur
  • Proximal Arm: lateral midline of the femur (greater trochanter as reference)
  • Distal Arm: lateral midline of the fibula (lateral malleolus as reference)
41
Q

Distal Hamstring Length Test (passive knee extension) end feel

42
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (supine non-weight bearing) Testing Plane

43
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (supine non-weight bearing) Testing Position

44
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (supine non-weight bearing) Limb Position

A

knee extended and foot in 0º inversion/eversion

45
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (supine non-weight bearing) Stabilization

A

Weight of hand on knee to hold extension

46
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (supine non-weight bearing) Testing Motion

A

Dorsiflex the ankle to the end of ROM.

47
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (supine non-weight bearing) Goniometry Alignment

A
  • Fulcrum: lateral aspect of lateral malleolus
  • Proximal Arm: lateral midline of fibula, using head of fibula
  • Distal Arm: parallel to lateral aspect of 5th metatarsal
48
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (supine non-weight bearing) Interpretation

A
  • Normal ROM values during knee extension in non-weight bearing position ranges from 10-20 degrees
  • Measurements in weight bearing are greater than non weight bearing
49
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (supine non-weight bearing) End feel

50
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (weight-bearing) Testing Plane

51
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (weight-bearing) Testing Position

52
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (weight-bearing) Limb Position

A

Knee extended and foot in 0º inversion/eversion

53
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (weight bearing) Stabilization

A

Weight of hand on knee to hold extension

54
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (weight bearing) Testing Motion

A

Lean into a wall and maintain knee extension

55
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (weight bearing) Goniometry Alignment

A
  • Fulcrum: lateral aspect of lateral malleolus
  • Proximal Arm: lateral midline of fibula, using head of fibula
  • Distal Arm: parallel to lateral aspect of 5th metatarsal
56
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (weight bearing) Interpretation

A
  • Normal ROM values during knee extension in non-weight bearing position ranges from 10-20 degrees
  • Measurements in weight bearing are greater than non weight bearing
57
Q

Gastrocnemius Length Test (weight-bearing) end feel

PT 413 Therapeutic Skills (9 decks)

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