Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PT 413 Therapeutic Skills > Goniometry (Hip) > Flashcards

Goniometry (Hip) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ROM for hip flexion?

A

120-140°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the ROM for hip extension?

A

18-30°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the ROM for hip abduction?

A

40-55°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the ROM for hip adduction?

A

20-25°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the ROM for hip internal rotation?

A

30-45°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the ROM for hip external rotation?

A

32-50°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the Ober test?

A

a muscle test that works to test the length of the TFL and the IT band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do you perform the Ober test?

A
  • Position: Patient in side-lying, w posterior aspect close to edge of the table. PT stands directly behind the patient.
  • Bottom hip and knee should be flexed
  • Flex hip and knee, and abduct the leg.
  • Test length of IT band and TFL by lowering leg into adduction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you perform the modified Ober test?

A
  • Evaluates the length of the hip abductors
  • Position: Patient is side-lying with the posterior aspect close to the edge of the table but the knee is also held in extension throughout the test. PT stands behind the pt.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is and how do you perform the Thomas Test?

A

It is a measure of the flexibility of the hip flexors

  • Position: sitting with lower thighs, knees, and legs off table; assist patient into supine by supporting the back and flexing the hips and knees; flex the hips and bring the knees closer to the chest until the low back and pelvis flatten against the table
  • Stabilization: the examiner or patient holds the hip not being tested in the flexed state against the chest; patient may use a towel or sheet placed behind knee if they cannot reach their thigh
  • Testing motion: passively extend hip by lowering thigh towards table; make sure hip stays in sagittal plane; thigh and lower leg need to be relaxed and not actively flexed
  • Goniometer alignment: fulcrum over greater trochanter, proximal arm with lateral midline of pelvis, distal arm aligned with lateral epicondyle of femur
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do you perform the straight leg test?

A
  • Position: Place the individual supine with both knees extended, remove clothes if can to expose ilium and low back,
  • Stabilization: Hold the knee of the lower extremity being tested in full extension, other leg stays flat, prevent pelvis tilting
  • Testing motion: Passively flex the hip by lifting the lower extremity off the table, The examiner keeps the knee in full extension by applying firm pressure to the anterior thigh while flexing the hip.
  • Goniometer alignment:
    • fulcrum on the greater trochanter of the femur​
    • proximal arm with the lateral midline of the pelvis.
    • distal arm with the lateral midline of the femur, using the lateral epicondyle for reference.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the end feel for hip external rotation?

A

Firm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the end feel for hip internal rotation?

A

Firm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the end feel for hip adduction?

A

Firm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the end feel for hip abduction?

A

Firm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the end feel for hip extension?

A

Firm

17
Q

What is the end feel for hip flexion?

A

Soft

18
Q

What is the hip flexion goniometer alignment?

A
  • Fulcrum: lateral aspect of hip joint, using greater trochanter of femur as reference
  • Proximal arm: lateral midline of pelvis
  • Distal arm: lateral midline of femur, using lateral epicondyle as reference
19
Q

What is the hip extension goniometer alignment?

A
  • Fulcrum on the greater trochanter
  • Proximal arm of the goniometer w the lateral midline of the pelvis
  • Distal arm of the goniometer with the lateral epicondyle

Position thumb and fingers to note anterior pelvic tilting during end ROM of the joint.

20
Q

What is the hip abduction goniometer alignment?

A
  • Fulcrum: over ASIS
  • Proximal arm: aligned with an imaginary horizontal line extending from one ASIS to the other (start measurement at 90)
  • Distal arm: aligned with anterior midline of the femur, using the midline of the patella for reference. Palpate the midpoint between the femoral epicondyles to confirm that the midline of the patella is not displaced
21
Q

What is the hip abduction goniometer alignment?

A

Fulcrum: over ASIS

Proximal arm: aligned with an imaginary horizontal line extending from one ASIS to the other (start measurement at 90)

Distal arm: aligned with anterior midline of the femur, using the midline of the patella for reference.

22
Q

What is the hip internal rotation goniometer alignment?

A
  • Fulcrum of the goniometer over the anterior aspect of the patella.
  • Proximal arm so that it is perpendicular to the floor or parallel to the supporting surface. Goniometers with a level attached to the proximal arm are helpful for novices.
  • Distal arm with the anterior midline of the lower leg, using the crest of the tibia and a point midway between the two malleoli for reference.
23
Q

What is the hip external rotation goniometer alignment?

A
  • Fulcrum of the goniometer over the anterior aspect of the patella.
  • Proximal arm so that it is perpendicular to the floor or parallel to the supporting surface. Goniometers with a level attached to the proximal arm are helpful for novices.
  • Distal arm with the anterior midline of the lower leg, using the crest of the tibia and a point midway between the two malleoli for reference.
24
Q

What is the positioning for hip flexion?

A

Supine, pelvis neutral, knees extended

25
Q

What is the positioning for hip extension?

A
  • Position: pt in prone, small pillow under abdomen for comfort. Neutral pelvis w knees extended
    • If patient is uncomfortable in prone, place them in side-lying, and complete the measurement that way.
    • Verify the neutral pelvis by palpating ASIS and PSIS. ensure that they are in line w one another. Palpate the lateral and medial femoral condyles to ensure 0 degrees of rotation.
26
Q

What is the positioning for hip abduction?

A
  • Supine, knees extended, legs straight out, at edge of table opposite of the hip of interest (so the table can support leg at end of ROM).
  • Palpate medial and lateral femoral epicondyles and make sure they are level, make sure patella faces anteriorly
27
Q

What is the positioning for hip adduction?

A

Supine with both knees extended and the hip being neutral

28
Q

What is the positioning for hip internal rotation?

A

Seated, knees flexed 90 degrees over edge of firm surface, hips straight forward and in 90 degrees of flexion

29
Q

What is the positioning for hip external rotation?

A

Seated, knees flexed 90 degrees over edge of firm surface, hips straight forward and in 90 degrees of flexion

30
Q

How do you test hip flexion?

A
  1. Flex hip by lifting thigh off table,
  2. Allow knee to passively flex during motion to reduce tension in hamstrings (maintain neutral rotation and abduction/adduction)
  3. Ends when feel resistance and pelvis wants to posteriorly tilt
31
Q

How do you test hip extension?

A

Extend hip by raising lower extremity from table, keep knee in extension

32
Q

How do you test hip abduction?

A
  1. Abduct hip by moving lower extremity laterally.
    • Don’t allow hip external rotation or flexion
  2. End of testing: when resistance to further motion of the femur is felt and attempts to overcome the resistance cause lateral pelvic tilting, pelvic rotation, and/or lateral flexion of the trunk
33
Q

How do you test hip adduction?

A
  1. Adduct the hip by moving the lower extremity medially toward the contralateral lower extremity,
  2. Examiners hand is used to move the extremity into adduction and to maintain the hip in neutral flexion and rotation
  3. End of Testing: Occurs when resistance to further adduction is felt and attempts to overcome the resistance caused by the pelvic rotation, tilting, and lateral trunk flexion
34
Q

How do you test hip Internal Rotation?

A
  1. Stabilization: stabilize distal end of femur to prevent abduction/adduction or further hip flexion, proper sitting posture
  2. One hand on the distal femur for stabilization,
  3. hand at distal tibia to move lower leg laterally.
  4. The moving hand also holds the lower leg in a neutral position to prevent rotation of tibia on the femur.
  5. You will know you’ve reached the end of ROM when you feel resistance and further motion causes elevation or hiking (aka lateral tilting)
35
Q

How do you test hip External Rotation?

A
  1. Stabilization: stabilize distal end of femur to prevent abduction/adduction or further hip flexion, proper sitting posture
  2. One hand on distal femur for stabilization,
  3. hand at distal tibia to move lower leg medially.
  4. The moving hand also holds the lower leg in a neutral position to prevent rotation of tibia on the femur.
  5. You will know you’ve reached the end of ROM when you feel resistance and further motion causes depression or dropping (aka lateral tilting) or rotation of the pelvis, or trunk lateral flexion
36
Q

Where does the examiner stabilize for the Thomas Test?

A

The examiner or patient holds the hip not being tested in the flexed state against the chest; the patient may use a towel or sheet placed behind knee if they cannot reach their thigh

37
Q

Where does the examiner stabilize for the Straight leg test?

A

Hold the knee of the lower extremity being tested in full extension, other leg stays flat, prevent pelvis tilting

PT 413 Therapeutic Skills (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions