Goals and Strivings Flashcards
1
Q
What are goals?
A
- valued objective or aim of action
- to achieve a specific standard on a task
- within a specific time frame
- consists of content and intensity
2
Q
3 types of goals
A
- outcome: winning
- performance: personal best
- process: building a skill to achieve performance goal
3
Q
Why are goals important? (5)
A
- guide and direct behaviour
- organizational function
- provide indicators for evaluation
- basis for organizational design
- performance and well being
4
Q
Mechanisms by which a specific, high goal leads to high performance (4)
A
- task relevant focus: directing attention and cues
- mobilization of expenditure and effort: increase effort through performance feedback and demands
- amount of time on task: persistence - increases through feedback
- knowledge of task or strategy: plan to help reach goal
5
Q
Important considerations of goals (5)
A
- ability of the person: within abilities
- feedback or knowledge of results: regular qualitative feedback
- commitment of the person: affective goals
- task complexity: challenging but realistic
- situational constraints: time, outside life, health and well being
6
Q
Influential factors for team goals (7)
A
- interdependence - reliance on each other
- goal type: competitive or cooperation
- reward system
- team size - bigger team size less individual effort
- leadership
- identity
- individual differences
7
Q
4 key characteristics of personal strivings - list and explain
A
- Action-orientation perspective: behaviour movement toward aspiration or envisioned state
- Trying to do and trying to be: focused on identity
- Subjective and personal: reflect own experiences, values and commitments
- Potentialities rather than actualities: broad with no end point, never fully satisfied/achieved
8
Q
Approaches of strivings
A
- success approach - increases performance
- avoidance approach - limits performance
