Goal Setting, Self efficacy and Confidence Flashcards
Explain the 3 main types of goals
Outcome goal - based on end result
Performance goal - based on personal standards eg personal best
Process goal - based on personal completion of tactics or techniques
What does SMARTER goal stand for?
Specific
Measurable
Realistic
Time Bound
Evaluate - how successful was goal?
Redo - if unsuccessful, repeat or adjust goal
How does goal setting improve performance?
- Leads to task persistence/perseverance
- Focuses learning
- Motivates performer
- Reduces stress/anxiety
- Increases confidence
Define self confidence
A general belief in your ability to achieve success where you can cope with demands
Define self efficacy and self esteem
Self efficacy - level of self confidence of a performer in a specific situation where they perceive they can cope with demands
Self esteem - Individuals overall subjective emotional evaluation of their own worth
Summarise Bandura’s model of self efficacy
Performance accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion and emotional arousal
Lead to efficacy expectations, leads to athletic performance
What is meant by performance accomplishments?
Self efficacy is influenced by past experiences
What is meant by vicarious experience?
Watching others do the same task and being successful, especially someone of similar ability
What is meant by verbal persuasion?
Power of encouragement and reinforcement
What is meant by emotional arousal?
Dealing with emotion in sport, such as keeping calm and keeping your strategy, particularly when close to a big win for example
How does self-efficacy help produce better performances?
- Increases positive attitude
- Increases motivation
- Reduces fear of failure/increases nach
- Reduces anxiety/stress
- Enhances well being
- Reach optimal level of arousal
What is the difference between trait and state confidence?
Trait - Consistent level of confidence is shown in most situations when the player is happy to take part and anxiety is low
State - specific situation, temporary confidence and can depend upon the interaction of the influence of experience and personality
What is Vealey’s model of sports confidence?
The belief or degree of certainty individuals possess about their ability to be successful in sport
What 4 factors is Vealey’s model determined by?
- Trait confidence
- State confidence
Objective sport situation - combination of the type of skill being performed and the situation eg large crowd/close score
Competitive orientation - how much a performer is drawn to challenging situations
What is the equation for Vealey’s model?
Trait confidence + state confidence + competitive orientation = performance in a specific situation
