Goal setting

Question 1

Objective goals

Answer 1

attaining a specific standard of proficiency on a task, within a time limit

Question 2

Subjective goals

Answer 2

General statements of intent (not measurable)

Question 3

Outcome goals

Answer 3

Focus on competitive result of an event

Question 4

Performance goals

Answer 4

Focus on achieving objectives/perf level in comparison to previous personal experience

Question 5

Process goals

Answer 5

Focus on actions an individual must engage in during perf

Question 6

How goals change behaviour

Answer 6

• ^ motivation & focus,

- Or can ^ anxiety & distracting thoughts

Question 7

Perf & process goals together allow for?

Answer 7

Precise adjustments to these goals

Question 8

A combination of goals is best because

Answer 8

Can prioritize goals and pick most effective dependant on the situation

Question 9

Effectiveness of goal setting

Answer 9

• 100’s of studies prove it works
• Effective in changing physical activity levels for a wide population
• Most effective w/ planning, strategies, rewards, feedback

Question 10

Goal setting research findings (general)

Answer 10

• Moderate/hard goals most effective
• Specific generally better than general
• goal & ^ perf link (important to implement correctly)

Question 11

Goal setting research specific findings (example)

Answer 11

• Females set more goals
• Goals used for direction
• Multiple goals = best perf
• Individual differences must be considered when setting
• Fatigue, stress, confidence , time, can all be barriers to reaching goals

Question 12

Why goal setting works - Indirect thought-process view

Answer 12

Goals influence behaviour indirectly by affecting psychological factors (eg confidence, anxiety)

Question 13

Why goal setting works - Direct mechanistic view (4 ways)

Answer 13

• Mobilize performers efforts
• Prolonger performer persistent
• Foster the development of new learning strategies
• Direct attention to important element of skill/perf

Question 14

Principles of goal setting

Answer 14

• Specific, Difficult but realistic, Short & long, All 3 types, Practice & comp goals
• Develop achievement strategies, consider the individual, use feedback & support

Question 15

Common problems in goal setting

Answer 15

• Failure to set specific goals
• Convincing people to set and stick to goals
• Setting too many goals
• Not adjust goals
• Failure to recognise individual differences
• Not providing follow-up and evaluation