Glycolysis Flashcards

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1
Q

Glycolysis

A

Breaking down glucose to make ATP

  • used in every cell
  • -found in bacterial cells, used in plant cells, done in our own cells
  • takes place in the cytosol (not in organelles)
  • involves 9 chemical reactions
  • it is anaerobic
  • nets 2 ATP atoms from 1 glucose
  • nets 2 NADH atoms from 1 glucose
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2
Q

Kinase

A

The enzyme that carries out Phosphorylation

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3
Q

Phosphofructokinase (PFK)

A
A regulatory enzyme (allosteric enzyme) 
- Used in the 3rd step of glycolysis 
2 Co-factors
-ATP-slows down the reaction
-AMP-speeds up the reaction
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4
Q

What is the end product of Glycolysis?

A

2 Pyruvate (3 Carbon compounds)
Net 2 ATP
Net 2 NADH

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5
Q

Reduction

A

Adding Electrons

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6
Q

Oxidation

A

Releases Electrons

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7
Q

Redox Reaction

A

When Reduction and Oxidation take place

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8
Q

Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)

A

Is the enzyme that carries out fermentation of Pyruvate to Lactate.

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9
Q

What does Lactate do in Glycolysis

A

It lowers the pH.

-As pH drops the enzymes won’t work like they should. It will stop the enzymes from working, shutting down glycolysis.

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10
Q

Obligate Anaerobs

A

Oxygen is toxic to these cells (builds up free radicals)

-bacteria and fungi

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11
Q

Faculative Anaerobs

A

Cells that can live with or without oxygen

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12
Q

Anaerobic

A

Cells that don’t require oxygen

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13
Q

Fermentation

A

converts sugars to acids

  • pyruvate to lactate in animals
  • pyruvate to ethanol in plants
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