Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh Picture Cards

Question 1

Answer 1

1. Body of ilium
2. ASIS
3. AIIS
4. Pubic tubercle
5. Body of pubis
6. Inferior ramus of pubis
7. Ramus of ischium
8. Ischial tuberosity
9. Body of ischium
10. Rim of acetabulum
11. Greater sciatic notch

Question 2

Name the muscle, compartment, nerve supply, origin, insertion, and function.

Answer 2

Gracillis. Adductor compartment of the thigh. Innervated by the anterior division of the obturator nerve. Originates from from the anterior surface of the body of the pubis and inserts on the superomedial tibial shaft. Gracilis flexes the knee joint, medially rotates the leg when the knee is flexed and is a weak adductor of the thigh.

Question 3

Name the muscle, compartment, nerve supply, and function.

Answer 3

Adductor magnus. Adductor compartment. Dual nerve supply from the posterior branch of the obturator nerve and the tibial component of the sciatic nerve. It adducts, extends and medially rotates the hip joint.

Question 4

Name the muscle, compartment, nerve supply, origin, insertion, and function.

Answer 4

Semimembranosus. Posterior (hamstring) compartment of the thigh. Nerve supply is the tibial component of the sciatic nerve. Originates at the superolateral aspect of the ischial tuberostiy and inserts in the posteromedial corner of the medial tibial condyle. Flexes the knee and extends the hip.

Question 5

Name the muscle, compartment, nerve supply, origin, insertion, and action.

Answer 5

Semitendinosus. Posterior (hamstring) component of the thigh. Innervated by tibial component of the sciatic nerve. Originates from the superomedial ischial tuberosity, inserts at the superomedial tibial shaft. It flexes the knee, extends the hip, and can also medially rotate the leg.

Question 6

Name the muscle, compartment, nerve supply, origin, insertion, and action.

Answer 6

Biceps femoris - long head. Innervated by the tibial division of the sciatic nerve (note that the biceps short head is innervated by the peroneal division). Originates at the superomedial ischial tuberosity via the conjoined tendon with the semitendinosus and inserts distally on to the lateral fibular head. Action is to flex the knee and extend the hip, and it can also laterally rotate the leg.

Question 7

Name these three muscles and their respective innervation.

Answer 7

1. Gluteus maximus - innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve.
2. Gluteus medius - innervated by superior gluteal nerve.
3. Gluteus minimus - innervated by superior gluteal nerve.

Question 8

Answer 8

1. Gluteus minimus
2. Obterator internus
3. Gluteus medius
4. Gluteus maximus
5. Greater trochanter

Question 9

Answer 9

Iliotibial tract

Question 10

What is this? What side of the knee is this and how do you know? What muscles combine to attach here?

Answer 10

Pes anserinus. Medial side of the knee cuz the fibula is on the other side. The sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus combine to attach here.

Question 11

Name the muscle, compartment, nerve supply, origin, insertion, and action.

Answer 11

Biceps femoris - short head. Posterior (hamstring) compartment of the thigh. Innervated by the peroneal (common) segment of the sciatic nerve. Originates on the lateral linea aspera and inserts on the lateral fibular head. Acts with other hamstring muscles to flex the knee, extend the hip, and also some lateral rotation of the leg when the knee is semi flexed.

Question 12

Answer 12

1. Sciatic nerve
2. Peroneal aka common fibular branch (lateral)
3. Tibial branch (medial)

Question 13

Answer 13

1. Sacrotuberous ligament (running from Sacrum to ischial tuberosity).
2. Sacrospinous ligament (running from Sacrum to ischial spine).

Question 14

Name the muscles and their innervation.

Answer 14

1. Obturator internus - nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2)
2. Quadratus femoris - nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

Question 15

Name them + innervations.

Answer 15

1. Superior gemellus - nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2)
2. Inferior gemellus - nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

Question 16

Name the muscle and its innervation.

Answer 16

Piriformis - nerve to piriformis (L5, S1, S2)

Question 17

What is the action of the muscles indicated?

Answer 17

Lateral rotation of the leg.

Question 18

What are these two “holes” called?

Answer 18

1. Greater sciatic foramen
2. Lesser sciatic foramen

Question 19

Answer 19

Inferior gluteal nerve

Question 20

Answer 20

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 21

Answer 21

Sciatic nerve

Question 22

Answer 22

Pudendal nerve

Question 23

Compression of which two nerve roots would cause pain as shown in the drawing?

Answer 23

1. L5 nerve root compression
2. S1 nerve root compression

Question 24

Answer 24

Inferior gluteal artery

Question 25

Name the muscles.

Answer 25

1. Gluteus minimus
2. Piriformis
3. Superior gemellus
4. Obturator internus
5. Inferior gemellus
6. Quadratus femoris