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Anatomy I- Erin > Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What can be found in the lesser sciatic foramen?

A
  • pudental nerve
  • internal pudental artery
  • obturator internus
  • sup. gemellus nerve
  • obturator internus
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2
Q

What is the cutaneous nerve of the gluteal region?

A

-cluneal nerves
+sup. and middle (lateral branches of dorsal rami)
1. supply sup. 2/3, sacrum and adjacent area
+inferior
1. supply inferior 1/3
2. gluteal branches of post. femoral cutaneous nerve

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3
Q

Superior gluteal nerve

A
  • leaves pelvis sup. to piriformis with sup. gluteal artery
  • runs between gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
  • supplies gluteus medius, minimus, tensor fasciae latae
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4
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve

A
  • leaves pelvis inferior to piriformis with inferior gluteal artery
  • supplies gluteus minimus
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5
Q

What is the largest nerve in the body?

A

sciatic nerve

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6
Q

sciatic nerve

A
  • leaves pelvis inferior to piriformis
  • runs inferiorly deep to gluteus maximus
  • usually divides half way down thigh into tibial and common fibular nerves
  • does not supply any gluteal structures
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7
Q

What is a posterior hip location?

A
  • can cause damage to the sciatic nerve
  • may result in paralysis of hamstrings and muscles distal to the knee
  • sensory change may occur in skin over the posterolateral aspects of the leg and most of the foot
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8
Q

What nerve supplies more skin than any other cutaneous nerve?

A

posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

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9
Q

Innervation of quadratus femoris?

A

-inferior gemellus nerve

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10
Q

Innervation of obturator internus?

A

-superior gemellus nerve
+leaves pelvis via geater sciatic foramen
+reenters pelvis via sciatic foramen

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11
Q

Pudental nerve

A
  • most medial structure exiting greater sciatic foramen

- reenters pelvis via lesser sciatic foramen to supply perineal structures

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12
Q

The arteries supplying the gluteal region

A
  • sup. gluteal a
  • inf. gluteal a
  • internal pudental a
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13
Q

superior gluteal artery

A
  • largest internal iliac artery branch
  • superficial branch: gluteus maximus
  • deep branch: gluteus medius, minimus, tensor fascia latae
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14
Q

Inferior gluteal artery

A

-supplies:
+gluteus maximus
+small lateral rotators
+superior hamstrings
-participates in cruciate anastomosis of thigh
+transverse branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery
+terminal part of the transverse branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery
+first perforating artery
+inferior gluteal artery

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15
Q

What anastomosis comes into play if femoral artery is blocked?

A 
-cruciate anastomosis
   \+inf. gluteal artery
   \+medial circumflex femoral artery
   \+perforating arteries
   \+lateral circumflex femoral artery
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16
Q

Internal pudental artery

A
  • reenters pelvis via lasser sciatic foramen with pudental nerve
  • supplies perineal muscles and ext. genitalia
  • does not supply any gluteal structures
17
Q

Where should intragluteal injections be made?

A

-supero-lateral part of gluteal region to avoid sciatic nerve and gluteal vessels

18
Q

Innervation and actions of the GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

A

innervation: inferior gluteal nerve
actions: chief extensor of the thigh and lateral rotation, slight extension of leg with tensor fascia latae

19
Q

Innervation and actions of GLUTEUS MEDIUS and MINIMUS, location

A

innervation: superior gluteal nerve
actions: thigh abduction and medial rotation
location: both partially covered by maximus, medius over minimus

20
Q

Innervation, actions, and covering of TENSOR FASCIA LATA

A

innervation: superior gluteal nerve

covered by: fascia lata

actions: abducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh, slight extension of thigh with maximus

21
Q

What is a feature of the fascia lata?

A

-iliotibial tract
+runs from iliac tubercle and Gerdy’s on lateral tibial condyle
+reinforced by tendinous fibers

22
Q

What are the functions of the IT tract?

A
  • assists in decelerating adduction of thigh
  • laterally stabilizes knee
  • extends leg, compensate for quads, paralysis via gluteus maximus flexion
  • pulls patella laterally, antagonist of vastus medialis, and synergist with flexing vastus lateralis
  • stretch to treat chondromalacia patella
23
Q

What are some causes and effects of positive Trendelenburg’s sign? (gluteal gait or limp)

A

causes:
- superior gluteal nerve injury

effect:
-patient loses steadying action of gluteus minimus and medius

24
Q

What is Duchenne’s limp?

A
  • issues with superior gluteal nerve

- it is the hip dropping gait

25
Q

PIRIFORMIS

A

innervation: nerve to pirifomis

  • deep to gluteus maximus and medial to gluteus medius
  • sciatic nerve enters piriformis in different ways
26
Q

OBTURATOR INTERNUS

A

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27
Q

What can be found in the greater sciatic foramen?

A
  • gluteal neurovascular bundles
  • piriformis
  • sciatic nerve
  • post. femoral cutaneous nerve
  • pudental nerve
  • internal pudental artery
  • obturator internus/sup. gemellus nerve

Anatomy I- Erin (11 decks)

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