Arm and Forearm Flashcards by Erin Ray

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of BICEPS BRACHII

origin:

long head: supraglenoid tubercle
short head: coracoid process

insertion: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
actions: supinates, resists dislocation
blood: brachial artery
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

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Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of CORACOBRACHIALIS

origin: coracoid process
insertion: middle 1/3 of medial humeral surface
actions: flexes and adducts, resists dislocation
blood: brachial artery
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

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Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of BRACHIALIS

origin: distal 1/2 of ant. surface of humerus
insertion: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
actions: flexes forearm at elbow
blood: brachial artery
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve and possible radial nerve

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What are the extensors in the brachium?

triceps brachii

- anconeus

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Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of ANCONEUS

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: lateral surface of olecranon, sup. surface of ulna
actions: assists triceps in extension of forearm and stabilizes elbow joint, abducts ulna in pronation
blood: deep brachial arterey
innervation: radial nerve

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Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of TRICEPS BRACHII

origin:

long: infraglenoid tubercle
lateral: post. surface of humerus
medial: post. surface of humerus, inf. to radial groove

insertions: proximal end of olecranon and fascia
actions: extends forearm, resists dislocation
blood: deep brachial arterey
innervation: radial nerve

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What are the boundaries of the cubital fossa???

lateral: brachioradialis
medial: pronator teres
superior: line between medial and lateral epicondyles
roof: skin, superficial and deep fascia, bicipital aponeurosis
floor: supinator and brachialis

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What is in the cubital fossa?

median nerve
bifurcation of radial and ulnar arteries
brachial veins
tendon of biceps brachii and bicipital aponeurosis
radial nerve

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What is the “funny bone?”

ulnar nerve

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What are the two cubital anastomoses?

-brachial artery -> ulnar artery
+sup. ulnar collateral -> post. ulnar recurrent
+inf. ulnar collateral -> ant. ulnar recurrent

-deep brachial artery -> radial and interosseous artery
+radial collateral artery -> radial recurrent artery
+middle collateral artery -> interosseous recurrent artery

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What is the common flexor and extensor origin?

flexor origin: medial epicondyle

extensor: lateral epicondyle

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What is the arterial supply to the arm?

> from brachial artery
sup. ulnar collateral
inf. ulnar collateral
> from deep brachial artery
radial collateral
middle collateral
> from ulnar artery
ant. ulnar recurrent
post. ulnar recurrent
> from radial artery
radial recurrent
> interosseous arteries
recurrent interosseous

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What are the two blood supplies to the anterior hand and what artery supplies each?

superficial palmar arch -> ulnar artery

- deep palmar arch -> radial artery

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superficial palmar arch

ulnar -> superficial -> common digital arteries -> proper palmar digital arteries

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deep palmar arch

radial -> ulnar (contributes) -> princeps pollicis artery -> radialis indicis artery

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Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of PRONATOR TERES

origin: coronoid process
insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius
actions: pronates and flexes forearm at elbow
innervation: median nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS

origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal
action: flexes and abducts
innervation: median nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of PALMARIS LONGUS

origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: flexor retinaculum, continuous with palmar aponeurosis
action: flexes hand at wrist
innervation: median nerve
* can be absent

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS

origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal
action: flexes adn adducts hand at wrist
innervation: ulnar nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS

origin: medial epicondyle, superior 1/2 of ant. border of radius
insertion: shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits
actions: flexes middle phalanges at IP joint, flexes proximal phalanges at MP joint
innervation: median nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS

origin: proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane
insertion: bases of distal phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers
action: flexes distal phalanges at IP joint
innervation: median and ulnar nerves

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS

origin: ant. surface of radius and interosseous membrane
insertion: base of distal phalanx of thumb
action: flexes thumb
innervation: median nerve via ant. interosseous nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of PRONATOR QUADRATUS

origin: distal 1/4 of ant. surface of ulna
insertion: distal 1/4 of ant. of radius
actions: pronates forearm, binds radius and ulna together
innervation: median via ant. interosseous nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of BRACHIORADIALIS

origin: proximal 2/3 of supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
insertion: distal radius, proximal to styloid process
actions: flexes forearm when pronates
innervation: radial nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS

origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus insertion: dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal action: extend and abduct at wrist innervation: radial nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus insertion: dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal action: extend and abduct hand at wrist innervation: deep branch of radial nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR DIGITORUM

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus insertion: extensor expansions of medial 4 fingers actions: extends medial 4 fingers and MP joints and IP joints innervation: post. interosseous nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI

origin: lateral epicondyle insertion: extensor expansion of 5th finger action: extends 5th finger at MP and IP joints innervation: post. interosseous nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS

origin: lateral epicondyle and post. border of ulna insertion: dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal actions: extends and adducts hand at wrist innervation: post. interosseous nerve

What are the flexors of the brachium?

- bicep brachii - brachialis - coracobrachialis

What are the "outcropping muscles?"

- abducter pollicis longus - extensor pollicis longus - extensor pollicis brevis

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of SUPINATOR

origin: later epicondyle, radial collateral, annular ligament, adn ulnar crest insertion: proximal 1/3 radius actions: supinates innervation: deep branch of radial nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR INDICIS

origin: post. surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane insertion: extensor expansion of 2nd finger actions: independent extension of 2nd finger, helps with wrist extension innervation: post. interosseous nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS

origin: post. surface of proximal 1/2 of ulna and radius, interosseous membrane insertion: base of 1st metacarpal actions: abducts thumb and extends at carpometacarpal joint innervation: Post. interosseous nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS

origin: post. surface of distal 1/3 of radius, interosseous membrane insertion: dorsal aspect of proximal phalanx of thumb actions: extends proximal phalanx of thumb at MP joint, extends carpometacarpal joint innervation: post. interosseous nerve

Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS

origin: post. surface of middle 1/3 of ulna, interosseous membrane insertion: dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb actions: extends distal phalanx of thumb at IP joint and extends MP and carpometacarpal joints innervation: post. interosseous nerve

What happens with a radial nerve injury?

- occurs when person sustains fracture to the humeral shaft due to relationship with spiral groove - results in paralysis of extensors of wrist and fingers results in inability to extend and flexors take over resulting in a "wrist drop"