Arm and Forearm Flashcards
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of BICEPS BRACHII
origin:
- long head: supraglenoid tubercle
- short head: coracoid process
insertion: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
actions: supinates, resists dislocation
blood: brachial artery
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of CORACOBRACHIALIS
origin: coracoid process
insertion: middle 1/3 of medial humeral surface
actions: flexes and adducts, resists dislocation
blood: brachial artery
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of BRACHIALIS
origin: distal 1/2 of ant. surface of humerus
insertion: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
actions: flexes forearm at elbow
blood: brachial artery
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve and possible radial nerve
What are the extensors in the brachium?
- triceps brachii
- anconeus
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of ANCONEUS
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: lateral surface of olecranon, sup. surface of ulna
actions: assists triceps in extension of forearm and stabilizes elbow joint, abducts ulna in pronation
blood: deep brachial arterey
innervation: radial nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of TRICEPS BRACHII
origin:
- long: infraglenoid tubercle
- lateral: post. surface of humerus
- medial: post. surface of humerus, inf. to radial groove
insertions: proximal end of olecranon and fascia
actions: extends forearm, resists dislocation
blood: deep brachial arterey
innervation: radial nerve
What are the boundaries of the cubital fossa???
lateral: brachioradialis
medial: pronator teres
superior: line between medial and lateral epicondyles
roof: skin, superficial and deep fascia, bicipital aponeurosis
floor: supinator and brachialis
What is in the cubital fossa?
- median nerve
- bifurcation of radial and ulnar arteries
- brachial veins
- tendon of biceps brachii and bicipital aponeurosis
- radial nerve
What is the “funny bone?”
ulnar nerve
What are the two cubital anastomoses?
-brachial artery -> ulnar artery
+sup. ulnar collateral -> post. ulnar recurrent
+inf. ulnar collateral -> ant. ulnar recurrent
-deep brachial artery -> radial and interosseous artery
+radial collateral artery -> radial recurrent artery
+middle collateral artery -> interosseous recurrent artery
What is the common flexor and extensor origin?
flexor origin: medial epicondyle
extensor: lateral epicondyle
What is the arterial supply to the arm?
- > from brachial artery
- sup. ulnar collateral
- inf. ulnar collateral
- > from deep brachial artery
- radial collateral
- middle collateral
- > from ulnar artery
- ant. ulnar recurrent
- post. ulnar recurrent
- > from radial artery
- radial recurrent
- > interosseous arteries
- recurrent interosseous
What are the two blood supplies to the anterior hand and what artery supplies each?
- superficial palmar arch -> ulnar artery
- deep palmar arch -> radial artery
superficial palmar arch
ulnar -> superficial -> common digital arteries -> proper palmar digital arteries
deep palmar arch
radial -> ulnar (contributes) -> princeps pollicis artery -> radialis indicis artery
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of PRONATOR TERES
origin: coronoid process
insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius
actions: pronates and flexes forearm at elbow
innervation: median nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal
action: flexes and abducts
innervation: median nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of PALMARIS LONGUS
origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: flexor retinaculum, continuous with palmar aponeurosis
action: flexes hand at wrist
innervation: median nerve
* can be absent
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal
action: flexes adn adducts hand at wrist
innervation: ulnar nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS
origin: medial epicondyle, superior 1/2 of ant. border of radius
insertion: shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits
actions: flexes middle phalanges at IP joint, flexes proximal phalanges at MP joint
innervation: median nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS
origin: proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane
insertion: bases of distal phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers
action: flexes distal phalanges at IP joint
innervation: median and ulnar nerves
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS
origin: ant. surface of radius and interosseous membrane
insertion: base of distal phalanx of thumb
action: flexes thumb
innervation: median nerve via ant. interosseous nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of PRONATOR QUADRATUS
origin: distal 1/4 of ant. surface of ulna
insertion: distal 1/4 of ant. of radius
actions: pronates forearm, binds radius and ulna together
innervation: median via ant. interosseous nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of BRACHIORADIALIS
origin: proximal 2/3 of supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
insertion: distal radius, proximal to styloid process
actions: flexes forearm when pronates
innervation: radial nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
insertion: dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
action: extend and abduct at wrist
innervation: radial nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal
action: extend and abduct hand at wrist
innervation: deep branch of radial nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR DIGITORUM
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: extensor expansions of medial 4 fingers
actions: extends medial 4 fingers and MP joints and IP joints
innervation: post. interosseous nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI
origin: lateral epicondyle
insertion: extensor expansion of 5th finger
action: extends 5th finger at MP and IP joints
innervation: post. interosseous nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS
origin: lateral epicondyle and post. border of ulna
insertion: dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal
actions: extends and adducts hand at wrist
innervation: post. interosseous nerve
What are the flexors of the brachium?
- bicep brachii
- brachialis
- coracobrachialis
What are the “outcropping muscles?”
- abducter pollicis longus
- extensor pollicis longus
- extensor pollicis brevis
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of SUPINATOR
origin: later epicondyle, radial collateral, annular ligament, adn ulnar crest
insertion: proximal 1/3 radius
actions: supinates
innervation: deep branch of radial nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR INDICIS
origin: post. surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
insertion: extensor expansion of 2nd finger
actions: independent extension of 2nd finger, helps with wrist extension
innervation: post. interosseous nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS
origin: post. surface of proximal 1/2 of ulna and radius, interosseous membrane
insertion: base of 1st metacarpal
actions: abducts thumb and extends at carpometacarpal joint
innervation: Post. interosseous nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS
origin: post. surface of distal 1/3 of radius, interosseous membrane
insertion: dorsal aspect of proximal phalanx of thumb
actions: extends proximal phalanx of thumb at MP joint, extends carpometacarpal joint
innervation: post. interosseous nerve
Origin, insertion, actions, blood supply, and innervation of EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS
origin: post. surface of middle 1/3 of ulna, interosseous membrane
insertion: dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb
actions: extends distal phalanx of thumb at IP joint and extends MP and carpometacarpal joints
innervation: post. interosseous nerve
What happens with a radial nerve injury?
- occurs when person sustains fracture to the humeral shaft due to relationship with spiral groove
- results in paralysis of extensors of wrist and fingers results in inability to extend and flexors take over resulting in a “wrist drop”
