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Anatomy Written 4 > Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

Two hip bones meet anteriorly to make the

A

symphysis pubis

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2
Q

Two hips bones meet posteriorly to form

A

sacroiliac joint with sacrum

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3
Q

In anatomic position, ASIS and pubic tubercle are

A

In the same vertical plane

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4
Q

Each hip bone consists of

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

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5
Q

Hip bones articulate with

A

femur and sacrum

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6
Q

Hip bone joins the ____ with ___

A

Axial with appendicular skeletons

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7
Q

Pelvic girdle is

A

2 hip bones together

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8
Q

Bony pelvis

A

pelvic girdle, sacrum, and coccyx bound together by ligaments

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9
Q

Which is the largest of the three that make up hip bone

A

Ilium

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10
Q

Ala

A

Wing - attachment site for gluteal muscles laterally and iliacus on medial side

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11
Q

What part of the acetabulum does the ilium make up

A

superior 2/5

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12
Q

Iliac crest

A

Upper edge of the hip bone - reaches superiorly up to the 4th lumbar vertebrae (disc btw 4th and 5th) and extends from ASIS to PSIS

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13
Q

Posterior inferior iliac spine is attachment for what

A

posterior sciatic ligament

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14
Q

Auricular surface articulates with

A

sacrum

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15
Q

Gluteal lines

A

Posterior
Anterior
Inferior

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16
Q

Ischium = ___ of the hip bone

A

Posteroinferior third of the hip bone

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17
Q

Ischium makes up ___ of acetabulum

A

posterior 2/5

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18
Q

Ischium consists of

A

Body and Ramus

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19
Q

Body of Ischium

A

Ischial tuberosity
Ischial spine
Lesser Sciatic Notch
Greater Sciatic Notch

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20
Q

Ramus of Ischium

A

Ischial ramus joins with inferior ramus of pubis to form ischiopubic ramus

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21
Q

Pubis ___ of the hip bone

A

Anteroinferior part

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22
Q

Pubis ___ of the acetabulum

A

Anteromedial 1/5

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23
Q

Pubis consists of

A

Body
Superior Ramus
Inferior Ramus

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24
Q

Body of Pubis

A

Symphysis Pubis
Pubic Crest
Pubic tubercle

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25
Q

Superior Ramus of Pubis

A 
Fuses with ischium and ilium within the acetabulum
Pectin line (pectin pubis)
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26
Q

Inferior Ramus of Pubis

A

Joins ischial ramus
Obturator crest
Obturator foramen

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27
Q

Greater Sciatic Foramen

A

Passageway for all lower limb nerves and arteries to leave pelvis

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28
Q

Greater sciatic foramen is formed by

A

greater sciatic notch and sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments

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29
Q

What goes through the greater sciatic foramen?

A
  1. Piriformis Muscle
  2. Superior and Inferior gluteal vessels and nerves
  3. Internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerve
  4. Sciatic nerve
  5. Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
  6. Nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus
  7. Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus
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30
Q

Lesser sciatic foramen is formed by

A

lesser sciatic notch and sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments

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31
Q

What goes through the lesser sciatic forament?

A
  1. Tendon of obturator internus
  2. Internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerve
  3. Nerve to obturator internus
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32
Q

Superficial Layer of Gluteal Muscles

A

Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus

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33
Q

Gluteus Maximus Origin

A

Sacrotuberous ligament, ilium, sacrum and coccyx

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34
Q

Gluteus Maximus Insertion

A

Gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract

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35
Q

Gluteus Maximus Action

A

Extend and lateral rotate thigh
Rising from sitting position
Running

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36
Q

Gluteus Maximus Nerve

A

Inferior gluteal

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37
Q

Gluteus Maximus Blood Vessels

A

Superior and inferior gluteal arteries

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38
Q

Gluteus Medius Origin

A

Ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal line

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39
Q

Gluteus Medius Insertion

A

Greater trochanter of femur

40
Q

Gluteus Medius Action

A

Abduction and medial rotation of thigh along with minimus it stops hip from sagging on the unsupported side

41
Q

Gluteus Medius nerve

A

Superior gluteal

42
Q

Gluteus Medius blood vessel

A

superior gluteal artery

43
Q

Gluteus Minimus Origin

A

Ilium btw anterior and inferior gluteal lines

44
Q

Gluteus Minimus Insertion

A

Greater trochanter

45
Q

Gluteus Minimus Action

A

Abduction and medial rotation

46
Q

Gluteus Minimus Nerve

A

Superior gluteal

47
Q

Gluteus Minimus Blood supply

A

Superior gluteal artery

48
Q

Positive Trendelenburg Sign

A

Damage to superior gluteal nerve
Waddling gait
High steppage gait
Swing out gait

49
Q

Deep layer of Gluteal Muscles

A 
Piriformis
Obterator Internus
Superior Gemellus
Inferior Gemellus
Quadratus Femoris
50
Q

Piriformis Origin

A

Anterior surface of sacrum inside the pelvis

51
Q

Piriformis Insertion

A

Greater trochanter

52
Q

Piriformis Nerve

A

S1 and S2

53
Q

Piriformis Action

A

Lateral rotation of the thigh

54
Q

Obturator Internus Origin

A

Obturator membrane and surrounding bone

55
Q

Obturator Internus Insertion

A

Greater trochanter

Leaves pelvis through lesser sciatic foramen

56
Q

Obturator Internus Nerve

A

Nerve to obterator internus L5 - S2

57
Q

Obterator Internus Action

A

Lateral rotation, extension, and abduction of flexed thigh

58
Q

Superior Gemellus Origin

A

Ischial spine

59
Q

Superior Gemellus Insertion

A

Tendon of obterator internus

60
Q

Superior Gemellus Nerve

A

Nerve to Obterator Internus (L5 - S2)

61
Q

Superior Gemellus Action

A

Lateral rotation, extension, and abdutcion of flexed thigh

62
Q

Inferior Gemellus Origin

A

Ischial spine

63
Q

Inferior Gemellus Insertion

A

Tendon of obterator internus

64
Q

Inferior Gemellus Nerve

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5 and S1)

65
Q

Inferior Gemellus Action

A

Lateral rotation, extension, and abduction of flexed thigh

66
Q

Quadratus Femoris Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

67
Q

Quadratus Femoris Insertion

A

Intertrochanteric crest

68
Q

Quadratus Femoris Nerve

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5-S1)

69
Q

Quadratus Femoris Action

A

Laterally rotates thigh

70
Q

Sacral Plexus is covered by

A

branches of the internal iliac artery

71
Q

Sacral Plexus mainly lies

A

Anterior surface of piriformis muscle

72
Q

Sacral Plexus branches pass through

A

Greater sciatic foramen to get to gluteal region

73
Q

Sacral plexus is formed by

A

Ventral primary rami of lumbosacral trunk (L4,5), S1-S4

74
Q

S1 to S4 nerves of sacral plexus enter pelvis

A

Through sacral foramina

75
Q

The nerves of the sacral plexus supply muscles and skin of

A
  1. Gluteal region
  2. Posterior thigh
  3. Entire leg
  4. Entire foot
76
Q

Nerves from posterior division (sacral plexus)

A 
Common peroneal nerve
Superior gluteal 
Inferior gluteal
Posterior femoral cutaneous - partly
Nerve to piriformis
77
Q

Nerves from anterior division (sacral plexus)

A 
Tibial nerve
N to obterator internus
N to quadratus femoris
Pudendal nerve
N to levator ani
78
Q

Superior Gluteal

A

L4-S1

79
Q

Superior Gluteal exits through

A

the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle

80
Q

Injury to superior gluteal

A

would affect the gluteus medius and minimus and tensor fasciae latae muscle

81
Q

Inferior Gluteal

A

L5-S2

82
Q

Inferior Gluteal Injury

A

Would affect gluteus maximus muscle

83
Q

Sciatic

A

L5-S3

84
Q

Sciatic consits of

A

Two nerves

  1. Tibial = anterior division (L4-S3)
  2. Common Peroneal = posterior division (L4-S2)
85
Q

Injury to sciatic

A

Will not affect any muscles in gluteal region

86
Q

Posterior Femoral Cutaenous

A

S1-S3

87
Q

Nerve to Quadratus Femoris

A

L4-S1

88
Q

Nerve to Obterator Internus

A

L5-S2

89
Q

Pudendal nerve

A

S2-S4

90
Q

Cutaneous Innervation of gluteal region

A

Superior cluneal - dorsal primary rami
Medial cluneal - dorsal primary rami
Inferior cluneal - ventral primary rami

91
Q

Gluteal arteries originate

A

directly or indirectly from internal iliac artery

92
Q

Glutal arteries enter gluteal region through

A

greater sciatic foramen

93
Q

Gluteal Arteries

A

Superior Gluteal
Inferior Gluteal
Internal Pudendal

94
Q

Superior Gluteal supplies

A

Glut Max, Med, Min and tensor fascia latae

95
Q

Inferior Gluteal supplies

A

glut max and short lateral rotators of thigh

96
Q

Internal Pudendal supplies

A

perineal region

97
Q

Veins

A

Tributaries of internal iliac vein
Superior and inferior gluteal
Internal pudendal

Anatomy Written 4 (9 decks)

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