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Anatomy Written 4 > Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

Two hip bones meet anteriorly to make the

A

symphysis pubis

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2
Q

Two hips bones meet posteriorly to form

A

sacroiliac joint with sacrum

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3
Q

In anatomic position, ASIS and pubic tubercle are

A

In the same vertical plane

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4
Q

Each hip bone consists of

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

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5
Q

Hip bones articulate with

A

femur and sacrum

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6
Q

Hip bone joins the ____ with ___

A

Axial with appendicular skeletons

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7
Q

Pelvic girdle is

A

2 hip bones together

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8
Q

Bony pelvis

A

pelvic girdle, sacrum, and coccyx bound together by ligaments

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9
Q

Which is the largest of the three that make up hip bone

A

Ilium

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10
Q

Ala

A

Wing - attachment site for gluteal muscles laterally and iliacus on medial side

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11
Q

What part of the acetabulum does the ilium make up

A

superior 2/5

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12
Q

Iliac crest

A

Upper edge of the hip bone - reaches superiorly up to the 4th lumbar vertebrae (disc btw 4th and 5th) and extends from ASIS to PSIS

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13
Q

Posterior inferior iliac spine is attachment for what

A

posterior sciatic ligament

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14
Q

Auricular surface articulates with

A

sacrum

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15
Q

Gluteal lines

A

Posterior
Anterior
Inferior

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16
Q

Ischium = ___ of the hip bone

A

Posteroinferior third of the hip bone

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17
Q

Ischium makes up ___ of acetabulum

A

posterior 2/5

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18
Q

Ischium consists of

A

Body and Ramus

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19
Q

Body of Ischium

A

Ischial tuberosity
Ischial spine
Lesser Sciatic Notch
Greater Sciatic Notch

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20
Q

Ramus of Ischium

A

Ischial ramus joins with inferior ramus of pubis to form ischiopubic ramus

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21
Q

Pubis ___ of the hip bone

A

Anteroinferior part

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22
Q

Pubis ___ of the acetabulum

A

Anteromedial 1/5

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23
Q

Pubis consists of

A

Body
Superior Ramus
Inferior Ramus

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24
Q

Body of Pubis

A

Symphysis Pubis
Pubic Crest
Pubic tubercle

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25
Superior Ramus of Pubis
``` Fuses with ischium and ilium within the acetabulum Pectin line (pectin pubis) ```
26
Inferior Ramus of Pubis
Joins ischial ramus Obturator crest Obturator foramen
27
Greater Sciatic Foramen
Passageway for all lower limb nerves and arteries to leave pelvis
28
Greater sciatic foramen is formed by
greater sciatic notch and sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
29
What goes through the greater sciatic foramen?
1. Piriformis Muscle 2. Superior and Inferior gluteal vessels and nerves 3. Internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerve 4. Sciatic nerve 5. Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve 6. Nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus 7. Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus
30
Lesser sciatic foramen is formed by
lesser sciatic notch and sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
31
What goes through the lesser sciatic forament?
1. Tendon of obturator internus 2. Internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerve 3. Nerve to obturator internus
32
Superficial Layer of Gluteal Muscles
Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus
33
Gluteus Maximus Origin
Sacrotuberous ligament, ilium, sacrum and coccyx
34
Gluteus Maximus Insertion
Gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
35
Gluteus Maximus Action
Extend and lateral rotate thigh Rising from sitting position Running
36
Gluteus Maximus Nerve
Inferior gluteal
37
Gluteus Maximus Blood Vessels
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries
38
Gluteus Medius Origin
Ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal line
39
Gluteus Medius Insertion
Greater trochanter of femur
40
Gluteus Medius Action
Abduction and medial rotation of thigh along with minimus it stops hip from sagging on the unsupported side
41
Gluteus Medius nerve
Superior gluteal
42
Gluteus Medius blood vessel
superior gluteal artery
43
Gluteus Minimus Origin
Ilium btw anterior and inferior gluteal lines
44
Gluteus Minimus Insertion
Greater trochanter
45
Gluteus Minimus Action
Abduction and medial rotation
46
Gluteus Minimus Nerve
Superior gluteal
47
Gluteus Minimus Blood supply
Superior gluteal artery
48
Positive Trendelenburg Sign
Damage to superior gluteal nerve Waddling gait High steppage gait Swing out gait
49
Deep layer of Gluteal Muscles
``` Piriformis Obterator Internus Superior Gemellus Inferior Gemellus Quadratus Femoris ```
50
Piriformis Origin
Anterior surface of sacrum inside the pelvis
51
Piriformis Insertion
Greater trochanter
52
Piriformis Nerve
S1 and S2
53
Piriformis Action
Lateral rotation of the thigh
54
Obturator Internus Origin
Obturator membrane and surrounding bone
55
Obturator Internus Insertion
Greater trochanter | Leaves pelvis through lesser sciatic foramen
56
Obturator Internus Nerve
Nerve to obterator internus L5 - S2
57
Obterator Internus Action
Lateral rotation, extension, and abduction of flexed thigh
58
Superior Gemellus Origin
Ischial spine
59
Superior Gemellus Insertion
Tendon of obterator internus
60
Superior Gemellus Nerve
Nerve to Obterator Internus (L5 - S2)
61
Superior Gemellus Action
Lateral rotation, extension, and abdutcion of flexed thigh
62
Inferior Gemellus Origin
Ischial spine
63
Inferior Gemellus Insertion
Tendon of obterator internus
64
Inferior Gemellus Nerve
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5 and S1)
65
Inferior Gemellus Action
Lateral rotation, extension, and abduction of flexed thigh
66
Quadratus Femoris Origin
Ischial tuberosity
67
Quadratus Femoris Insertion
Intertrochanteric crest
68
Quadratus Femoris Nerve
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5-S1)
69
Quadratus Femoris Action
Laterally rotates thigh
70
Sacral Plexus is covered by
branches of the internal iliac artery
71
Sacral Plexus mainly lies
Anterior surface of piriformis muscle
72
Sacral Plexus branches pass through
Greater sciatic foramen to get to gluteal region
73
Sacral plexus is formed by
Ventral primary rami of lumbosacral trunk (L4,5), S1-S4
74
S1 to S4 nerves of sacral plexus enter pelvis
Through sacral foramina
75
The nerves of the sacral plexus supply muscles and skin of
1. Gluteal region 2. Posterior thigh 3. Entire leg 4. Entire foot
76
Nerves from posterior division (sacral plexus)
``` Common peroneal nerve Superior gluteal Inferior gluteal Posterior femoral cutaneous - partly Nerve to piriformis ```
77
Nerves from anterior division (sacral plexus)
``` Tibial nerve N to obterator internus N to quadratus femoris Pudendal nerve N to levator ani ```
78
Superior Gluteal
L4-S1
79
Superior Gluteal exits through
the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle
80
Injury to superior gluteal
would affect the gluteus medius and minimus and tensor fasciae latae muscle
81
Inferior Gluteal
L5-S2
82
Inferior Gluteal Injury
Would affect gluteus maximus muscle
83
Sciatic
L5-S3
84
Sciatic consits of
Two nerves 1. Tibial = anterior division (L4-S3) 2. Common Peroneal = posterior division (L4-S2)
85
Injury to sciatic
Will not affect any muscles in gluteal region
86
Posterior Femoral Cutaenous
S1-S3
87
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris
L4-S1
88
Nerve to Obterator Internus
L5-S2
89
Pudendal nerve
S2-S4
90
Cutaneous Innervation of gluteal region
Superior cluneal - dorsal primary rami Medial cluneal - dorsal primary rami Inferior cluneal - ventral primary rami
91
Gluteal arteries originate
directly or indirectly from internal iliac artery
92
Glutal arteries enter gluteal region through
greater sciatic foramen
93
Gluteal Arteries
Superior Gluteal Inferior Gluteal Internal Pudendal
94
Superior Gluteal supplies
Glut Max, Med, Min and tensor fascia latae
95
Inferior Gluteal supplies
glut max and short lateral rotators of thigh
96
Internal Pudendal supplies
perineal region
97
Veins
Tributaries of internal iliac vein Superior and inferior gluteal Internal pudendal

Anatomy Written 4 (9 decks)

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