gluconeogenesis Flashcards
What are the products of gluconeogenesis?
glucose, 4 ADP, 2 GDP, 6 pi and 2 NAD+
Where does gluconeogenesis take place?
liver
When does gluconeogensis occur?
during fasting and during exercise
What is bypass one of gluconeogenesis?
- 2 pyruvate+2 Co2 and 2 ATP to make oxaloacetate catalyzed by pyruvate carboxylase in the mitochondrial matrix
- 2 oxaloaceteate + 2 GTP catalyzed by PepCK in the cytosol to make PEP
What is the bypass 2 reaction
F1,6BP+fructose 16 bisphosphotase to make F6p IN THE CYTOSOL
What is bypass three?
g6p with enzyme glucose 6 phosphatase in endoplasmic reticulum to make glucose
Why is bypass one energetically challenging?
PEP is high energy intermediate
How does malate get from mitochondria to cytoplasm?
Malate transporter
What cofactor does pyruvate carboxylase use?
Biotin, anapldrotic run
What allosterically activates step one of bypass one?
acetyl coA
What makes bypass 2 favorable?
energy of phosphoester hydrolysis
which 2 enzymes aid glucose export into cytosol?
Glut 2 and hexokinase 4
What happens to regulation in the fed state?
PP1 dephosphorylates PFK-2, turn on kinase domain of PFK-2 and FBPase-1, increase F26BP and increase PFK-1=> fatty acid synthesis
what happens to regulation in the hungry state?
PFK-2 and FBPase are phosphorylated, turn on phosphotate, low F2GBPincrease FBPase-1, do glujconeogeneis
