Glucagon Flashcards
What is the generic name of Glucagon?
Glucagon Hydrochloride
What type of medication is Glucagon?
It is a pancreatic hormone.
What is the action of Glucagon?
- Glucagon is a peptide hormone that stimulates the conversion of glycogen stored in the liver/muscles to glucose (glycogenolysis).
- It also promotes production of glucose from amino acid molecules (gluconeogenesis).
- It reduces liver consumption of glucose.
- Glucagon may not be effective if glycogen is depleted due to starvation or chronic liver disease.
What conditions indicate the use of Glucagon?
Anaphylaxis and Allergic reactions: if there is persistent hypovolaemia post administration of compound sodium lactate. Hypoglycaemia: if BGL <4mmol & reduced LOC & unable to be cannulated for glucose 10%.
What are the routes and their associated onsets, peaks and durations available for glucagon administration?
SC/IM: onset is 4-7min, with a peak of 8-10min and a duration of 11-30min. IV: onset is 1min, with a peak of 5min, and a duration of 22-25min.
What are the adverse effects of Glucagon?
Nausea and vomiting Allergic reactions rarely occur
What are the contraindications for Glucagon?
Nil for NSW Ambulance.
What is the preparation of Glucagon?
1mg vial & syringe containing 1ml of sterile water. Dissolve glucagon powder by adding the entire contents of the syringe to the vial containing the glucagon. The solution must be prepared immediately prior to use.
What is the dose of Glucagon for anaphylaxis?
For patients 16yrs or older, 2mg IV with no repeats and a max dose of 2mg.
What is the dose of Glucagon for hypoglycaemia?
If the patient is <16yrs old, 0.5mg SC/IM with no repeats and a max dose of 0.5mg. If the patient is 16yrs or older, 1mg SC/IM with no repeats and a max dose of 1mg.
