Glossary page 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

reliability consistency

A

reliability means that the findings of research are

consistently replicable

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2
Q

reliability (in the context of diagnosis of mental illness)

A

each time a diagnostic
or classification system is used it should produce the same result, that is, it
should be consistent

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3
Q

replicability

A

this means that a study can be repeated in exactly the same way

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4
Q

representative

A

the extent to which something (usually a sample) shares the

main characteristics of a wider group (ususally the target population)

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5
Q

researcher reliability

A

the extent to which the researcher behaves consistently in

the research situation

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6
Q

sample bias

A

this occurs when some members of the target population are more
likely to be chosen to be in the sample than others

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7
Q

schema

A

an organised body of information about some aspect of the world or a
framework for thinking about the world

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8
Q

secondary insomnia

A

insomnia that is a secondary consequence of another

problem – for example, pain or depression

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9
Q

sex

A

refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define men and
women, such as breast, testes and physical size

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10
Q

sexual dimorphism

A

differences in behaviour, anatomy and physiology between

the sexes

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11
Q

sexual selection

A

this is an important process in explaining evolution; it means
that characteristics and traits that increase reproductive success (either by
making individuals attractive to the opposite sex or by helping them
compete for mates with members of the same sex) are naturally selected

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12
Q

significant

A

a result is significant statistically if it is unlikely to have occurred by
chance

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13
Q

sleep apnoea

A

when an individual experiences a disruption of normal breathing
when asleep

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14
Q

social desirability

A

social desirability is the tendency of people to respond to a
situation or to questions in a way that they think will be viewed favourably
by other people – for example, they may exaggerate good things about
themselves and put less emphasis on the ‘not so good’

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15
Q

somnambulism

A

another name for sleep walking

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16
Q

split-half method

A

a method of assessing the internal reliability of a test or

measure

17
Q

statistically significant

A

if a test result is statistically significant, then it means

that it is unlikely to be due to chance

18
Q

subjective

A

taking a personal viewpoint that could be biased as it is not
necessarily independent of the situation

19
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A

an irreversible side effect that some people experience after
taking neuroleptic drugs; it involves uncontrollable involuntary head and
tongue movements and facial tics, and may affect posture and speech