Glossary page 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

intrasexual selection

A

Selection between the sexes – in humans this means

female mate choice

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2
Q

lesioned

A

damaged; often used of deliberate damage to an animal’s nervous
system for the purposes of science

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3
Q

maintenance

A

the process whereby people stay addicted and carry on behaving in
an addictive fashion, despite negative consequences

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4
Q

melatonin

A

a hormone, which has an effect on sleep, produced by the pineal
gland

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5
Q

memoing

A

in grounded theory, the process of recording thought, opinions and
ideas about the process

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6
Q

menstrual synchrony

A

the idea that the menstrual cycles of women who live

together become synchronised over time

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7
Q

narcolepsy

A

a neurological sleep disorder characterised by excessive daytime
sleepiness and sudden ‘sleep attacks’ that may come without warning

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8
Q

neuroadaptation

A

refers to the changes in brain chemistry that happen after a
drug has been taken, as the brain tries to deal with the immediate effects
of the drug

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9
Q

neurotransmitters

A

messenger chemicals in the brain that transmit nerve

impulses from one neuron to another

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10
Q

objective

A

being unbiased, so the facts or data are independent of the

researcher’s own viewpoint

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11
Q

operant conditioning

A

learning by reinforcement – for example, by getting

rewards or punishments

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12
Q

opportunity sample

A

a sample where the researcher has chosen people who
happened to be available to take part in the study; it is a non-random
method

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13
Q

optic chiasm

A

the point where the optic nerves (one from each eye) cross in the
brain

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14
Q

paradigm

A

a way of thinking about the world, a world view that is generally
agreed on and accepted by most individuals working within a subject area

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15
Q

paradoxical sleep

A

another term for REM sleep

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16
Q

paranoid schizophrenia

A

a form of schizophrenia characterised by delusions and

hallucinations, particularly in relation to persecution

17
Q

parentification

A

children or adolescents taking on adult roles before they are
developmentally ready

18
Q

participant attrition

A

the loss of participants from a study (usually a longitudinal
design) over time, through drop-out or other non-participation

19
Q

participant observation

A

an observational method where the observer tries to get
close to the people being observed by becoming involved with them in
their own environment, usually over a period of time