Glomerulonephritis Flashcards
Glumerulonephritis def
Inflammation of glomeruli and nephrons
Consequences of damage to glomerulus
Constriction of blood flow-> raised BP
Protein and blood enter urine
AKI
Nephrotic syndrome sx
BP; normal-mild rise
Urine; proteinuria
GFR; normal-mild drop
Nephritic syndrome sx
BP; mod-severe rise
Urine; haematuria
GFR; mod-severe drop
Primary causes of nephrotic syndrome
Minimal change
FSGS
Membranous
Mesangiocapillary GN
Secondary causes of nephrotic
DM
SLE
Amyloid
Hep B/C
Primary causes of nephritic syndrome
IgA nephropathy
Mesangiocapillary GN
Secondary causes of nephritic syndrome
Post strep
Vasculitis
SLE
Anti-GBM
Cryoglobulinaemia
IgA nephropathy presentation
Young man with micro/macroscopic episodes of haematuria
Rapid recovery between the attacks
Renal biopsy results for IgA nephropathy
IgA and C3 deposits on immunofluorescence
Mesangial proliferation
IgA nephropathy rx
BP control with ACEi (<130/80, or 125/75 with proteinuria)
Henoch Shonlein Purpura features
Systemic variant of IgA nephropathy
Same biopsy results and treatment
HSP sx
purpric rash on extensors (legs esp)
polyarthritis
abdo pain
Anti-GBM aka
anti glomerular basement membrane
Goodpasture’s disease
Cause of anti-GBM
antibodies against IV collagen GBM
Where type IV collagen found
GBM
Lung (haemaptosis)
Anti-GBM rx
Plasma exchange
steroids
+/- cytotoxics
(if started early, good prognosis)
Post-strep GN presentation
Occurs 1-12wks after sore throat/skin infection
Post-strep GN pathogenesis
Streptococcal antigen deposited under skin,
Post-strep GN biposy result
IgA and C3 deposits
Post-strep GN serology
Riased ASOT and C3
Post-strep GN rx
supportive, 95% full recovery
Rapidly progressive GN (RPGN) features
Most aggressive GN
With potential to cause end-stage kidney failure within days
Causes of RPGN
Immune complex
Pauci-immune disease
Anti-GBM disease
