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PCOMM > Globalization, Cultures and Communication > Flashcards

Globalization, Cultures and Communication Flashcards

1
Q

GLOBALIZATION AND ITS EFFECT ON
COMMUNICATION

A

Globalization is greatly affected by communication and communication by globalization

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2
Q

is a complex concept and a single meaning may not be able to capture its total essence

A

GLOBALIZATION

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3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Globalization has a cultural element, as ideas and traditions are traded and assimilated.​. ​

A

TRUE

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3
Q

Americas were directly connected to Asian trading routes​

A

Galleon Trade

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4
Q

What drives globalization? (3)

A

Colonization​
Diaspora​
Technologies​

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5
Q

Galleon Trade – connected Manila and Acapulco in _____; the first time that the Americas were directly connected to Asian trading routes​

A

1571

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6
Q

closely connected with the dispersion of the Jews beyond Israel.​

A

DIASPORA

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6
Q

This marked the beginnings of globalization.​

A

​Colonization​

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7
Q

Globalization has speeded up enormously over the last half-century

A

Technologies​

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8
Q

people and goods move easily across borders

A

GLOBALIZATION

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9
Q

The influences of the colonizers are evident in the different cultures of the nations they colonized (e.g., language, food, clothing, beliefs, values, education, etc.).​

A

​Colonization

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10
Q

EXAMPLES IN TECHNOLOGIES OF GLOBALIZATION

A

Internet (communication technology)​

Transport​

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11
Q

How does globalization affect communication?​

With globalization, a need for a _______

A

With globalization, a need for a common language to achieve international intelligibility is germane.​

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12
Q

People’s movement and inhabitation in countries outside their own

A

Diaspora

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13
Q

economic concept – the integration of markets, trade and investments with few barriers to slow the flow of products and services between nations

A

GLOBALIZATION

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14
Q

international trading but was not considered global yet​

A

Silk Road

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14
Q

a network of pathways in the ancient world that spanned from China to what is now the Middle East and to Europe;

A

Silk Road

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15
Q

Most used language?

A

English

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16
Q

ENL

A

Inner circle

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17
Q

In the Asian context, the concept of world Englishes was introduced by

A

Braj Kachru

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17
Q

English is already established as a ___________ especially in the fields of business, academics, computing, science, education, transportation, politics, and entertainment.​

A

Lingua Franca

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18
Q

The worldwide reach of the English language is much greater than anything achieved historically by ____ or _____ and there has never been a language as widely spoken as _____

A

Latin or French, English

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19
Q

what is WE

A

World englishes

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20
Q

ESL

A

Outer circle

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20
Q

EFL

A

Expanding circle

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21
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

China

A

Expanding Circle

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21
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

CARABEAN COUNTRIES

A

Expanding Circle

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22
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

ISREAL

A

Expanding Circle

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23
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

CIS

A

Expanding Circle

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24
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

BANGLADESH

A

OUTER CIRLCE

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25
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

INDONESIA

A

Expanding Circle

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26
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

SOUTH AMERICA

A

Expanding Circle

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27
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

SOUTH AFRICA

A

Expanding Circle

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28
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

PAKISTAN

A

Outer Circle

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28
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

KENYA

A

Outer Circle

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29
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

MALAYSIA

A

Outer Circle

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29
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

SRI LANKA

A

Outer Circle

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30
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

GHANA

A

Outer Circle

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31
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

PHILIPPINES

A

Outer Circle

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32
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

TAZANIA

A

Outer Circle

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33
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

TAIWAN

A

Expanding Circle

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34
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

SAUDI ARABIA

A

Expanding Circle

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35
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

JAPAN

A

Expanding Circle

36
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

EGYPT

A

Expanding Circle

37
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

ZIMBABWE

A

Expanding Circle

38
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

NEPAL

A

Expanding Circle

39
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

NIGERIA

A

Outer Circle

39
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

INDIA

A

Outer Circle

40
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

ZAMBIA

A

Outer Circle

41
Q

WHAT CONCENTRIC CIRCLE DOES THIS BELONG?

A

Outer Circle

42
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

All international communication is influenced by cultural differences. ​

A

TRUE

42
Q

learned system of meanings that fosters a particular sense of shared identity-hood and community-hood among its group members. ​

A

CULTURE

43
Q

CULTURAL DIVERSITY refers to people from different cultures or nations respecting each other’s differences. This respect for differences results from their understanding of ________

A

cultural divergence

44
Q

types of communication styles

A

Types of Communication Styles​

Direct or Indirect​
Self-enhancing or Self-effacing​
Elaborate or Understated​

45
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Each culture has set of rules that its members take for granted.​

A

TRUE

46
Q

if the message if messages reveal the speaker’s true intention​

A

Direct

47
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Communicating across cultures is challenging

A

TRUE

48
Q

complex frame of reference that consists of a pattern of traditions, beliefs, values, norms, symbols, and meanings that are shared to varying degrees by interacting members of an identity group.​

A

CULTURE

49
Q

if the message camouflage the intention​

A

Indirect

50
Q

if the message deemphasizes aspects of self​

A

Self-effacing

51
Q

if the message promotes positive aspects of self.​

A

Self-enhancing

52
Q

if there is extensive use of silence, pauses, and understatements​

A

understated

53
Q

if there is a use of rich expressions​

A

elaborate

54
Q

Communication types

A

​Low Context or High Context​

Sequential or Synchronic​

Affective or Neutral​

55
Q

leave much of the message unspecified, to be understood through context, nonverbal cues, and between –the-lines interpretation of what actually said (Mediterranean, Slav, Central European, Latin American, African, Arab, Asian, American-Indian)​
​

A

High context cultures

56
Q

expect messages to be explicit and specific (most Germanic and English-speaking countries)​

A

Low context cultures

57
Q

Business people give full attention to one agenda item after another (North American, English, German, Swedish, and Dutch)​

A

SEQUENTIAL CULTURES

58
Q

The flow of time is viewed as a sort of circle, with the past, present, and future all interrelated (South America, southern Europe, and Asia) ​

A

SYNCHRONIC CULTURES

59
Q

emotionally neutral in the approach; do not telegraph their feelings, but keep them carefully controlled and subdued​

A

Neutral

60
Q

readily showing emotions; in cultures with high affect, people show their feelings plainly​

A

Affective

61
Q

It is the sharing of meaning with and receiving and interpreting ideas from people with different cultural backgrounds from yours.

A

INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

62
Q

Intercultural communication Variation:

A

Interracial​
Interethnic​
International​
Intra-cultural​

63
Q

The interaction between persons representing different political structures​

A

INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION

64
Q

Interaction among people with different ethnic groups​

A

INTERETHNIC COMMUNICATION

65
Q

The interaction among people of different races​

A

INTERRACIAL COMMUNICATION

66
Q

The interaction that includes all forms of communication among members of the same racial, ethnic, and subculture groups​

A

INTRA-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION

67
Q

Other Dimensions of Cultural Differences:​
(7)

A

Power Distance​

Individualism & Collectivism​

Ethnocentrism​

Cultural Relativism​

Intercultural
communication apprehension / anxiety​

Gender Dimensions​

Generation Culture​

68
Q

people accept authority and hierarchical organization as a natural part of their culture.​

A

Power distance

69
Q

the tendency of people in a given culture to value group identity over individual identity, group obligation over individual rights, and group- oriented concerns over individual wants and desires.​

A

collectivism

70
Q

It is the tendency of people in a given culture to value individual identity over group identity.​

A

individualism

71
Q

It is a belief that one’s own culture is superior and better than the others

A

ETHNOCENTRISM

72
Q

It sees other cultures equal to their own.​.​

A

CULTURAL RELATIVISM

73
Q

defined intercultural communication apprehension as ‘the fear and anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with people.​

A

INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION/ANXIETY

74
Q

who defined intercultural communication apprehension/anxiety

A

neuliep and mccroskey 1997

75
Q

Masculine cultures value ______. While feminine cultures place more value on ______and interpersonal relationships (Tubbs 2013, 293)​

A

work, strength, competition and assertiveness

affection, compassion, nurturing,

75
Q

_____ argue that gender is a social variable that could account for language and communication differences. ​

A

sociolinguists

76
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

but the differences need not be interpreted as to which gender demonstrates a better and more positive communication patterns or which gender seems to be more inferior. Awareness, instead, leads to better and deeper understanding of someone in communication situations.​

A

TRUE

77
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Every generation or age group may also use its own unique set of jargons or lingos in their casual conversations.​

A

TRUE

78
Q

Their era’s trends, popular events, movies, television shows, radio programs, songs, and literature among many other machineries could introduce these lingos.​

A

GENERATION CULTURE DIFFERENCES IN COMMUNICATION

79
Q

Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Languages​

(5)

A

Frozen​
Formal​
Consultative​
Informal (Casual or Intimate)​
Neutral​

80
Q

The most formal register. ​
The language is fixed or constant.​
Does not change overtime.​
Does not require feedback.​

A

FROZEN REGISTER

81
Q

E.g., Superior and subordinate conversation, client and doctor consultation, teacher and student conversation, employer and employee conversation​

A

CONSULTATIVE REGISTER

82
Q

E.g, Formal ceremonies, national anthem, prose or poetry, religious services

A

FROZEN REGISTER

83
Q

Language is laid-back and conversational; it is focused in gaining information.​

A

INFORMAL REGISTER (CASUAL)

84
Q

Language used is specifically to solicit aid, support or intervention​

A

CONSULTATIVE REGISTER

85
Q

This is used in formal and ceremonial settings. ​
Language requires formal English (standard variety)​
Well-documented agreed upon vocabulary​
Written without emotion.​

A

FROZEN REGISTER

86
Q

E.g., writing to friends, family conversations, personal e-mails, phone texts, short notes, friendly letters, most blog, diary and journals​

A

INFORMAL REGISTER (CASUAL)

87
Q

Eg., Professional writing, Essays, reports, business correspondence, interview, court proceedings, business meeting​

A

FROZEN REGISTER

88
Q

In the setting, one person is deemed expert, and the other person is the receiver of such expertise.​

A

CONSULTATIVE REGISTER

89
Q

The setting is between persons who share close relationships or bonds​
Language is casual and personal​
Uses terms of endearment, slang or terms understandable to only one person​

A

INFORMAL REGISTER (INTIMATE)

90
Q

E.g, lovers, best friends formulating slangs based on some shared experience​

A

INFORMAL REGISTER (INTIMATE)

91
Q

FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

A

Cultural Identity​
Racial Identity​
Social Class​
Gender and Role Identity​
Age​
Individual Personality​
Proxemics​
Clothing and Physical Appearance​
Paralanguage​
Facial Expressions and Eye Contact​
Gestures and Body Stance​

92
Q

REACTION TO CULTURAL COMMUNICATION ENCOUNTERS (3)

A

Assimilation​
Accommodation​
Separation

93
Q

Language is neither formal or informal nor usually positive or negative; it sticks to facts and deals with non-emotional topics and information.​

A

NEUTRAL REGISTER

93
Q

Technical writing, reviews, articles, some letters, some essays​

A

NEUTRAL REGISTER

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