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Geo human > globalisation from book > Flashcards

globalisation from book Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

what is globalistaion

A

the process where a place becomes more interconnected and interdepent through people, culture, FINANCE, goods and information transfer between countries with few barriers

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2
Q

types of global flows?

A

commodities, people, information, culture, services

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3
Q

what are the 5 types of globalisation

A

economic, social, cultural, political, environmental

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4
Q

what are the 3 igos

A

IMF, the world bank, WTO

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5
Q

What do the igos do

A

distribute wealth,( IMF make countries follow SAPs (structural adjustment programmes (rules)) which allows for TNCs to enter.

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6
Q

what is time space compression and what causes it

A

the idea that places feel closer and take less time to reach: caused by heightened connectivity

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7
Q

what is the shrinking world effect

A

places feel closer together as travel time shortens

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8
Q

what is containerisation

A

standardised transport that uses steel containers- they can easily be transferred between different modes of transport

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9
Q

what are fibre optics

A

technology associated with transfer of information, across earths ocean floor

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10
Q

what are the two main reasons why IGOS arose

A

to help globalisation by increasing FDI and free trade

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11
Q

delete

A

deletea manufacturing philiosphy that aims to achieve higher productivity (mass production)

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12
Q

what are SAPS

A

economic policies for developing countries promoted by world bank and IMF

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13
Q

ignore Foreign mergers

A

two firms in diff countries join to create a single entity

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14
Q

ignore foreign acquisitions

A

when a TNC takeovers a company in another country.

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15
Q

ignore transfer pricing

A

some TNCs get profits through a company in low tax countries

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16
Q

what are the 4 ways governments can influence the following aspects of their economy

A
  1. promoting trade blocs
  2. free market liberalisation ( lifting restrictions on the way companies and banks operate)
  3. encouraging business start ups and TNCs
  4. privatisation
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17
Q

what are trade blocks

A

a collection of countires that group together to promote free trade between them

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18
Q

what are the 3 trade bocks

A

ASEAN
EU - allows for free movemrnt of people
NAFTA

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19
Q

what did chinas SEZs do?

A

businesses can import raw materials, processes, manufacture and re-export them paying reduced tax

(reduced taxes for trade)

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20
Q

what 3 areas that the KOF index measures

A

economic, social(largest weighting - most important factor), political.

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21
Q

what does the AT Kearny index measure

Study These Flashcards
A

economic integration, political engagement, personal contact, technological connectivity

22
Q

what are TNCs

Study These Flashcards
A

companies which operate in more than 1 country

23
Q

what is OUTSOURCING

Study These Flashcards
A

when some of the business is contracted out to be done by another company ( often abroad) rather than within the country

24
Q

what is OFFSHORING

Study These Flashcards
A

when a company moves part of its own operations to another country

25
what is glocalisation
the way that companies adapt products to meet local tastes, traditions or laws (towards a diferent audience in a diff country) give examples
26
switched on?
factors that increase a places connectivity
27
switched off?
factors that decrease a places connectivity
28
what is privatisation
Privatization is where government-owned businesses or infrastructure is sold to private TNCs. It allows foreign investors to gain a share and so can represent a form of FDI.
29
examples of being switched on
-access to electricity - FDI - investments from TNCs - transport links
30
examples of being switched off
-low population -geographically isolated - corruption in government -dictatorship
31
Disneyfication- how does Disney operate around the world
-owns 40 Spanish speaking radio stations -merchandise is produced overseas
32
Disneyfication- how has Disney glocalised - examples
- Aladdin was aimed at Asian markets and so was mulan. -The lion king was aimed at african markets -reaching out to cultures
33
Disneyfication- why does disney have a large influence around the world
- global governments pay billions to disney to have Disney lands.
34
what are the main factors that have accelerated globalisation
-IGOS -transport technology: containerisation, aircraft -ICT technology: fibre optics/internet, computers/internet, mobile communication -National governments: china and the UK -trade blocs: EU, NAFTA, ASEAN
35
NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS: how has the UK sped up globalisation
-open to global flows -subsidies(payments goverment to make it more competitive or prevent collapse) encourage inwards FDI to the UK
36
NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS: how has china sped up globalisation
-china declared an open door policy-welocmed fdi - has 4 sezs (imports and exports at a reduced tax) -economic zones= huge pools of cheap labour attracting TNCs
37
what are the types of ICT technology that accelerate globalisation
-computers/internet (easy access to info) -fibre optics (flows of info however could be blocked out by the gov) -mobile communication (skype- connect people across the globe-culture spread with ease) =all can be blocked out by gov
38
what are the types of transport technology that accelerate globalisation
-containerisation -aircraft ( time space compression)
39
how does the trade bloc 'the EU' accelerate globalisation
-aims to create a single common market for goods -removing barriers freemoevemt of people however it does favour large countries
40
how does the trade bloc 'ASEAN' accelerate globalisation
-supports local trade and facilitates economic integration however prioritizes national over regional interests
41
how does the trade bloc 'NAFTA' accelerate globalisation
-reduces barriers to trade, boosted economic growth= accelerated globalisation however wages have been supressed
42
why is measuring globalisation difficult
-time consuming - expensive to measure it -gov data may not be accurate -data is constantly changing -some govs censor info
43
what were the developments in transport and trade in the 19th century
-railways -telegraph (replaced boat journeys that could take weeks) -steamships which replaced sailing ships
44
what were the developments in transport and trade in the 20th century
jet aircarft containersation
45
what were the developments in ICT and global communication in the 21st century
-mobile phones -internet -fibre optics -social networks -electronic banking has led to time space compression
46
whata re the 4 ways tncs promote globalisation
- glocalisation - offshoring and outsorcing - promoting western culture - flow of people to areas for jobs -
47
# stat state facts about fdi
the uk revieced 12 b of fdi from the usa when krfat foods bought caburys in 2010 fdi will gaurnetee 6700 jobs
48
how does national govs(EU) encourgae fdi? ignire
influx of capital can boost economic growth. fdi leads to improvemnets in infrastructure greater competition from new companies can lead to productivity gains and greater efficiency
49
hat do sezs provide
1. employments fro local s 2. technology transfer
50
how has china attracted do much fid since 1978
open door policy sezs emerging markey good infrasture politically stable cheap skilled labour cheap goods
51
state things about chian open door policy and history | OPD, sezs, 2001,2013,2016
open door policy=1978 ODP needed western tech to devlop its economy. gov welcomed forign buiesses setting up in china 4 sezs=1980- attract capital and buisness became member of world trade in 2001 chuna iver took usa as worlds biggest trading in goods nation 2013 slowdown in economy in 2016 china is a major of inward and outward flow of fdi, Brics involved.
52
why is glob unequal ## Footnote trasnport
transport and communications are focused in core areas- increasing people and businesses to invest in core regions, straving perphiray areas.

Geo human (14 decks)

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