Globalisation EQ3 Flashcards
what are the consequences of globalisation for global development and the physical environment
What is meant by a development gap
social and economic disparity between the rich and poor (globalisation is widening this gap)
Give 2 examples of simple measures of development
GDP, life expectancy
Give 2 examples of composite measure
HDI, GII (gender inequality index)
Why may composite measures of development be better than single?
allows comparison, more holistic
Why has PPP (purchasing power parity) become a more popular way of measuring economic development between countries?
unlike GDP, it takes into account the cost of living
Give an example of an environmental measure
WHO air pollution levels
How do we measure income inequality between countries
Gini coefficient
True or false : according to Oxfam, the wealth of the richest 10% of people is equivalent to the wealth of every one else
False its the top 1%!!!
What would a coefficient of 0 mean?
every member got the same amount
What can the trends from Lorenz curve Gini coefficient tell us about globalisation?
it has created winners and losers
How is the environmental impact of globalisation often measured?
ecological footprints
What is a diaspora?
name given to the dispersal of a population overseas
List 4 factors that have increased the pace of immigration (melting pot)
open Eu borders
FDI encouraging TNC workers to move overseas
freedom to invest in business
humanitarian crises
Rapid immigration has said to bring tension to some countries. Give an example of a social, political and environmental tensions that have been created
SOCIAL - westernisation -cultures resisted by some e.g Hasidic Jews in London
POLITICAL - democracy clashes - extremism e.g Brexit vote or Front National party
ENVIRONMENTAL - trans- boundary water conflict on Mekong River, e-waste
Cultural diffusion has also brought many advantages give examples of social , political and environmental
SOCIAL - development of awareness for disadvantaged groups e.g Paralympic
POLITICAL - new ideas e.g human rights in Saudi Arabia
ENVIRONMENTAL - spreading ideas
Give examples of how some locations have attempted to control the spread of globalisation
censorship
-internet banned in N Korea
-Censored Chinese internet ‘Great Fire Wall of China’
limiting immigration
- Japan and the UK
trade protectionism
- India restricts foreign companies investing in retail sector to protect small companies
Give one example of a group that are trying to preserve their cultural identity
First Nations of Canada
teach native language and traditions , bands are self governed, funding from Canadian government
what is localism?
idea that food and goods should be grown and made locally rather than globally.
alternative to globalisation to increase sustainability
Give 2 ways in which local sourcing is being promoted on a global scale
b) local
Poland 2018 conference, Paris agreement (no more than 2 degree increase)
b) encourage recycling
veganism
How are NGOs promoting sustainability
fair trade, ethical consumption schemes (FSC)
2 advantages and disadvantages of localism
+ good for public relations
+ shorter supply chains
- may be less efficient
- suppliers of larger stores would suffer
What is a transition town
town becoming more self-efficient with a focus on managing economic stability
Give an example of a transition town
Bristol pound - community currency to encourage people to spend in local businesses in Bristol
What are the pro and cons of transition towns
+ locals gain employment and involvement
- threatens global economic growth
