Globalisation EQ3 Flashcards
When a person’s income is too low for basic human needs to be met
Absolute poverty
The amount of carbon dioxide produced by an individual or activity
Carbon footprint
Where natural resource stocks are maintained or increased by requiring manufacturers or retailers to do more to recycle, reuse or repair products
Circular economy
A society in which the buying and selling of goods and services is the most important social and economic activity
Consumer society
The number of live births per 1000 people per year
Crude birth rate
The ways in which a country seeks to progress economically and to improve the quality of life for its inhabitants
Development
The dispersion or spread of a group of people from their original homeland
Diaspora
A crude measurement of the area of land or water required to provide a person (or society) with the energy, food and resources needed to live, and absorb waste
Ecological footprint
A financial exchange where the consumer has considered the social and environmental costs of production for food, goods or services purchased
Ethical consumerism/purchase
The distance food travels from the farm to the consumer
Food miles
A composite index that measures gender inequalities related to certain aspects of social and economic development
Gender Inequality Index (GII)
A measure of income distribution in a place, which can show inequalities
Gini coefficient/index
A composite measure that ranks countries according to economic and social criteria
Human Development Index (HDI)
Unofficial forms of employment
Informal sector
Eight specific objectives created at the UN Millennium Summit in New York in 2000
Millennium Development Goals
A political movement focused on national independence or the abandonment of policies that are viewed by some as a threat to national sovereignty/national culture
Nationalism
A material source of wealth, such as timber, fresh water, or a mineral deposit, that occurs in its natural state and has economic value
Natural resources
The overall balance between immigration and emigration
Net migration
The flow of economic migrants after a country has joined the EU
Post-accession migration
People who moved to European countries from former colonies during the 1950s-1970s.
Post-colonial migrants
This relates average earnings to local prices and what they will buy; it is the spending power within a country, and reflects the local cost of living
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)
When a person’s income is too low to maintain the average standard of living in a particular society
Relative poverty
Where state governments take measures ensuring that domestic industries and consumers have priority access to national resources found within their borders
Resource nationalism
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Sustainability
A settlement where individuals and businesses have adopted ‘bottom up’ initiatives with the aim of making their community more sustainable and less reliant on global trade
Transition town
A measure of the amount of water used in the production and transport to market of food and commodities (also known as the amount of ‘virtual water’ embedded in a product)
Water footprint
