Globalisation EQ3 Flashcards
How is economic development measured?
PPP - compares prices of products in different countries
GDP
GNI (gross national income)
gross/per capita
How is social development measured?
GII
HDI
Types of measures of development?
SINGLE or COMPOSITE INDICES
Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient?
Measure of the spread of wealth
Gini coefficient = 0 then there is total equality, =1 then there is total inequality
Development gap is..
..the widening difference in levels of development between the richest and the poorest
Why is the development gap widening?
Free trade and neoliberal policies allowed the accumulation and movement of wealth with no restrictions
TNCs take money from poor countries where they operate to avoid tax
Winner of globalisation?
CHINA
- second largest economy behind USA
- lots of FDI
etc etc
Loser of globalisation?
DRC has been left behind!!!!!
- average GNI per capita of $380
- life expectancy of 50
- many natural resources but is exploited by TNCs
Tensions over globalisation?
MIGRATION (brexit)
ENVIRONMENT (trade harmed water soil air, climate change, land use changes and fossil fuel combustion)
RESOURCES (arctic, transboundary water conflicts on Mekong river)
CULTURE (Iran reacting harshly over protests about women’s rights)
Sustainability of globalisation?
INCREASED CONSUMERISM
Globalisation inevitably leads to environmental degredation?
- international trade of goods has led to air and water pollution
-deforestation to meet demand
-consumerism
Globalisation does not lead to environmental degradation?
- selective logging
-international agreements
-sharing and developing technology
-capitalist society driven by profit not environment
Transition Towns?
TOTNES, DEVON
-has its own currency to encourage spending in independent stores
-reducing waste and pollution
-decreasing consumption
- MEETING LOCAL NEEDS THROUGH LOCAL PRODUCTION
