Globalisation Flashcards
key ideas
Involves the interconnection of nation states and the individuals within them, it is reflected in terms of culture/economic/politics.
Globalisation
This refers to the blurring of geographical boundaries and increased connectivity between individuals, nations and regions. And an increased awareness amongst the worlds population of this interconnectedness.
Causes of Globalisations
- Transport and tourism- proper are experiencing global cultures because of cheap flights.
- Global crisis- Some issues need to be addressed on a international level e.g. conflict climate
- Transnational entities- Rise in organisations which transcends the borders. e.g. world bank
- Trade Liberalisation- The rise in neo lib increased global trade barriers removed.
- End of the cold war- Conflict between capitalism and communism ended signified by the collapse of the berlin wall.
- Technological Innovation- Internet has encouraged globalisation so instant communication, global village.
Economic Impacts
Global economy= rather than making and selling goods within a single counties not on a global scale.
Diffusion of production- Supply material manufacturing and distortion is split across many countries.
Codependecy- Booms and slumps in one country impacts other.
Sociocultual
Has distorting effects on cultures.
- Diversification, different cultures cross pollinate and influence one another.
- Homogeneity- contries are growing more alike such as music and movies.
Political Impacts
UN and WTO have made it that decision levels is now not national but international, so intergovernmental levels. The political out look of individuals has also become increasingly globalised, driven by expansions in mass media.
Mcdonalisation
Explains than its when a culture possess the characteristic of fast-food. “the process by which principles of fast food are dominating the world”
Efficiency- Getting from A-B in the shortest time.
Calculability- Quantity=quality
Predicability- Receiveing the same services or products every time, this links to the work place- jobs are over repetitive.
Control- Replacement of human labour by machines.
Spybey
However argues that the company accommodates local cultures and customs rather then cultural imperialism e.g. maccie D’s in india contains no beef or pork, this is the effect local has on global.
Globalists
see globalisation as a fact that is having real consequence, they believe that nation states are being eroded as cultures are becoming more homogeneous.
Hyper- See globalisation as an extention of free market engourgaes trade and spread of western values (rostow + parson)
Pessimist- See globalisation as a form of cultural imperialism with western culture, it isn’t environmally stable and TNC’s given too much power (Chompsky)
Traditionalists
Say globalisation is a myth, or at best exaggerated we do not have a global economy.
Transformationalists
Occupy middle ground they argue its been exaggerated but its foolish to reject it, they suggest its happening but we can control it, this homogenous culture has created a hybrid culture
New international division of labour
NDL is associated with the shift of manufacturing from the developed to developing, dependencies don’t like this!
Klein
Say the winners of globalisation will always be TNC’s they further their own profits and those in colliers bottom billion will stay in poverty. Neolib would just say this is because they are not integrated into market.
Positive aspects
It does have positive aspects, supporters(hyper) say that is beneficial, the concepts of outsourcing lower cost jobs. consumers benefit of global competition lower prices, and the medic spreads western democracy.
Negative aspects
Outsourcing has mean that people in the developed world have lost jobs. TNC’s given decision on working power(Bhopal), Poor regulation on pollution. Exploitation in LED’s also spreads diseases.
